The Stockman's War: Hog Cholera and the Fight for the Open Range in Reconstruction-Era Alabama

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Erin Stewart Mauldin
Keyword(s):  
Hog Cholera ◽  
Reconstruction Era

Between Civilization and Savagery: How Reconstruction Era Federal Indian Policy Led to the Indian Wars

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-188
Author(s):  
Boyd Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indian Policy ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indian Reservations ◽  
Federal Indian Policy ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Moral Necessity

Abstract This article considers the event of a single year, 1873, to explain how President Ulysses S. Grant’s federal Indian policy led to the Indian wars of the late nineteenth century. Some historians have argued that Grant’s so-called Peace Policy failed due to systemic mismanagement and corruption; others have suggested it was due to administrative incompetence or ambivalence, while still others have accused the administration of cynicism in its approach to Indigenous affairs. This article argues that the Peace Policy reflected the unresolved tensions inherent in the era’s zeitgeist and that it failed to usher in a lasting peace because it did not account for the enmeshed reality of life in the American West where the boundaries and borders between Indian reservations and settler communities were entangled to say the least. The article begins with a detailed consideration of the Grant administration’s Indian policy as articulated by Francis Amasa Walker in the winter of 1872–73. Largely overlooked by historians of post–Civil War Indian policy, Walker was an influential thinker in his day whose policy recommendations emphasized the moral necessity of proprietary individualism and racial segregation on isolated reservations. The article then turns to the unfolding drama of the Modoc War (1872–73) to explore why the federal government abandoned the project of peacefully incorporating Indigenous people into the body politic, leading to a harsher and more militant approach to Indian affairs. By focusing on the nexus of ideas and events as they played out at this critical historical juncture, this article argues that the Modoc War was the precipitating event that marked the end of Grant’s so-called Peace Policy and the resumption of the Indian wars in the decades following the Civil War.

Hog cholera virus infection in tracheal organ cultures

1970 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Mengeling ◽  
E. C. Pirtle
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Hog Cholera ◽  
Hog Cholera Virus

scholarly journals Mucinous Degeneration of the Epithelium of the Urinary Tract of Swine

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Brobst ◽  
R. Cottrell ◽  
A. Delez
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Degenerative Change ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Hog Cholera ◽  
Transitional Cells ◽  
Suppurative Arthritis

Mucinous degenerative change was observed in the epithelial cells lining the renal pelvis, ureter, and urinary bladder of pigs with exudative epidermitis, coliform enteritis, hog cholera, and suppurative arthritis. Mucins were observed within transitional cells either as granular or homogenous material within vacuoles. Lakes filled with mucins also were formed as a result of the coalescence of mucin from degenerating transitional cells. The cells and lakes of mucin were stained selectively by periodic acid-Schiff, alcian blue, and colloidal iron. On the basis of the reactivity patterns with these stains the transitional epithelial cells were considered capable of producing acidic and neutral mucins.

Passing for Black

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra Taira Field
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Racial Violence ◽  
Racial Categories ◽  
Black Freedom ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Westward Migration ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 2 situates Monroe Coleman’s decision to participate in black freedom movements in Oklahoma against the backdrop of his early life as a “mulatto” child in Reconstruction-era Mississippi, highlighting the relationship between migration and the construction of racial categories in this period. Reading Coleman’s life alongside the lives of his contemporaries, this chapter argues that the westward migration of “mulatto” freedpeople constituted a telling response to racial violence and white racial nationalism in the aftermath of Reconstruction. While the rise of black Oklahoma was promoted, narrated, memorialized, and ultimately historicized as “all-black” and self-consciously “domestic,” such an image stands in contrast to the racial and national realities of the period.

scholarly journals White Fears of Dispossession: Dreyer's English, The Elements of Style, and the Racial Mapping of English Discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Laura Lisabeth
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Educational Spaces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elements Of Style ◽  
The Cost

Dreyer's English, by Benjamin Dreyer, the Senior Copy Editor for Random House, and Strunk and White's The Elements of Style are two extraordinarily popular and commercially successful guides to English language usage that belong to a genre best described as discursive maps for language as racialized, classed and gendered territory. This review traces the history of these books to the nineteenth century "conversation handbooks" and etiquette guides that became popular in a time of shifting class boundaries Precise prescriptives for behavior and for polite conversation helped the aspirational middle-class groom themselves for genteel company. Many of these guides were published during the Reconstruction Era, and were filled with dispositions toward correct language that communicate a kind of outrage from fear of social, cultural and economic dispossession, a telltale mark of White Supremacy. These dispositions still exist in the rhetoric of both Dreyer and E.B. White and are carried through the structural racism of standardized English into educational spaces. Discourses of meritocracy are found in both the classroom and the global neoliberal workplace where "English has been turned into a product (in all senses of the word)..."Though the promotion of English is presented as a way of expanding one’s multilingual resources, it reduces one’s repertoire, as it is often learned/taught at the cost of local languages” (Canagarajah 13). As Canagarajah sees "multilingual communities [finding] spaces for voice, renegotiation, and resistance” (Translingual Practices 56), so can we make students aware of the gatekeeping and power of English by sharing its historical context.  

scholarly journals Book Review: Reconstruction: A Historical Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Matthew Laudicina
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
American History ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Time Periods

The Reconstruction Era is often considered to be one of the most tumultuous time periods in American History. This era, which encompasses the twelve or so years immediately following the American Civil War, was a time of great social, economic, and constitutional strife. Here to provide a concise reference work on this era is Reconstruction: A Historical Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic.

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