American Psychoanalytic Association Statement on Torture

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-129
Keyword(s):  
American Psychoanalytic Association

scholarly journals Over Hesperiaanse Melancholie: Eugène Nielen Marais en de Geschiedenis van een poëtische Gemoedsgesteldheid

Werkwinkel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Ruben van Luijk
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The South ◽  
Morphine Addiction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
American Psychoanalytic Association

Abstract The article gives a brief ‘idea history’ of Hesperian melancholy a.k.a. Hesperian depression, the fleeting state of dejection that some humans and animals experience at dusk. The term was apparently coined by the South African poet and naturalist Eugene Marais (1871-1936), who noticed the phenomenon during his field observations of baboons. Marais' observations of primates were in the first place an attempt to shed more light on the evolutionary roots of the human psyche and its afflictions - not in the least his own. A personal focus seems probable in his notes on the use of euphoria-inducing substances among animals and humans, which are an evident reflection of his own morphine addiction; but also in his writings about Hesperian depression. During his lifetime, Marais only published about Hesperian depression twice, once in a very concise article in English, and once in more elaborate form in Afrikaans. The term ‘Hesperian depression’ only became more current when his manuscript on primate behaviour, The Soul of the Ape, was posthumously published in 1963. Since then, the term and its description sometimes appear in (popular) publications of paleobiologists and scholars of the evolution of human behaviour. In psychology and psychiatry, the term was introduced by the eminent American psychoanalyst William G. Niederlander, who presented it in a 1971 article in Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association as an idea of his own. It is evident, however, that he took his cue from Marais, who thus was posthumously plagiarized.

Psychoanalytic Training Today

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Morris
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Women Candidates ◽  
Psychoanalytic Training ◽  
Training Standards ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Psychoanalytic Thought ◽  
American Psychoanalytic Association

Psychoanalytic education in the United States faces multiple challenges as we enter the last decade of this century. (1) Changing interest and career path patterns for psychiatrists have resulted in fewer medical applications for psychoanalytic training. (2) Increased opportunities for full psychoanalytic training of nonphysicians have resulted in increased applications from highly skilled clinicians who often have more clinical experience than their medical colleagues. (3) Increased enrollment of women candidates has required rethinking of progression requirements, in light of their combined careers as professionals and mothers. (4) Independent institutes not accredited by the American Psychoanalytic Association compete for applicants while maintaining training standards that require less time and immersion in psychoanalytic theory and practice. (5) Economic factors increasingly influence the desirability of prolonged psychoanalytic training and the availability of suitable analysands for control analyses. (6) Evolution of theory and practice and the emergence of “new schools” of psychoanalytic thought have rendered the previous psychoanalytic landscape dominated by drive theory and ego psychology more multifaceted and less uniform. The American Psychoanalytic Association and its institutes attempt to understand these changing patterns and take them into consideration in the design and implementation of psychoanalytic training programs. Only one aspect of this complex situation will be described in this work, the current state of psychoanalytic training in the 28 institutes accredited by the American Psychoanalytic Association. Although the data available at this time leave unanswered many important questions about the philosophies that organize the content and emphases of the curriculum in different institutes, much has been learned about the overall structure of psychoanalytic training programs.

When Theory and Practice Diverge: Gender-Related Patterns of Referral to Psychoanalysts

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Lloyd Mayer ◽  
Daphne De Marneffe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Referral Process ◽  
Clinical Theory ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
American Psychoanalytic Association ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Patient Referrals

This study tests the hypothesis that female analysts, relative to male analysts, receive a disproportionately small percentage of male referrals. Referral patterns for 170 analysts from four institutes accredited by the American Psychoanalytic Association were examined. One thousand, five hundred and ten patient referrals were studied. The findings were extremely robust and offered dramatic confirmation of our hypothesis. The major implications of the study are as follows: (1) Women analysts receive relatively few adult male referrals, making it difficult for them to gain requisite clinical experience with men. (2) Analysts and nonanalysts alike demonstrate a reluctance to refer male patients to female analysts. (3) Adult referrals, including those made by analysts, are significantly influenced by the issue of gender match between patient and analyst. (4) Analysts' behavior with regard to making referrals does not correspond to explicit clinical theory regarding how analysts make referrals—specifically, the extent to which gender influences the referral process is not adequately described by theory. We believe that these findings are of some concern from the standpoint of analytic education and that they also raise questions regarding unacknowledged aspects of how gender match between patient and analyst enters into clinical decision making.

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