Preface

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. iv
Author(s):  
Philip G. Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Green Transportation ◽  
Green Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Terminal Olefins

The 3rd International Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-3) was held in Ottawa, Canada, 15-18 August 2010, with the theme “The Road to Greener Industry”. Bringing together academia and industry to trade ideas about green chemistry was the purpose of the meeting. Dedicated sessions on industrial aspects, presented by industry speakers, were well attended by both academics and industrial representatives. Academic sessions, in turn, presented new ideas to both groups. Major topics in the conference were green energy (biofuels, H2 production, CO2 capture), green engineering (energy efficiency, greener processes, separations), policy (industry, government, NGOs), green chemistry education, green transportation (materials, additives, powertrain) and green chemical synthesis (benign routes, solvents, catalysts, biopolymers). The 348 delegates travelled to Ottawa from 33 countries, making it a truly international discussion.This issue contains five important lectures from the conference. Peter Wells gives us a rather sobering discussion of some of the unintended consequences of green improvements. Zheng Cui, Evan S. Beach, and Paul T. Anastas describe many of the exciting green chemistry developments coming from China in the past three years. John Andraos announces a new database and algorithm that allows industry to evaluate the efficiency of synthesis plans. Achim Stolle and Bernd Ondruschka compare the performance and energy efficiency of solvent-free reactions performed by ball milling versus other methods such as microwave. Ken Seddon describes the use of new ionic liquids as catalysts for the oligomerization of linear terminal olefins to make lubricant oils.May these articles continue the discussion, stimulate more ideas, and help us all go down the Road to Greener Industry.Philip G. JessopConference Chair and Conference Editor

scholarly journals «Quick, Convenient, and Clean»: Advancing Education in Green Chemistry and Nanocatalysis Using Sol-Gel Catalysts Under Flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Scurria ◽  
Mario Pagliaro ◽  
Rosaria Ciriminna
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Specialty Chemical ◽  
Key Barrier

Removing one key barrier to the industrial uptake of green chemistry and nanocatalysis in the fine and specialty chemical industry requires to fill an ongoing “talent shortage” via expanded chemistry education. In this study we show how the use of hybrid sol-gel catalysts to synthesize fine chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients in flow chemistry reactors illustrates new ideas to reshape chemistry education based on recent research outcomes, visualization and digital tools. Several lessons learned from the industrial and academic utilization of these materials in continuous-flow conversions conclude the study.

scholarly journals The Effect of Marshallian and Jacobian Knowledge Spillovers on Jobs in the Solar, Wind and Energy Efficiency Sector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4269
Author(s):  
Luigi Aldieri ◽  
Jonas Grafström ◽  
Concetto Paolo Vinci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Marshallian Externalities

The purpose of this paper is to establish if Marshallian and Jacobian knowledge spillovers affect job creation in the green energy sector. Whether these two effects exist is important for the number of jobs created in related fields and jobs pushed away in other sectors. In the analysis, the production efficiency, in terms of jobs and job spillovers, from inventions in solar, wind and energy efficiency, is explored through data envelopment analysis (DEA), based on the Malmquist productivity index, and tobit regression. A panel dataset of American and European firms over the period of 2002–2017 is used. The contribution to the literature is to show the role of the spillovers from the same technology sector (Marshallian externalities), and of the spillovers from more diversified activity (Jacobian externalities). Since previous empirical evidence concerning the innovation effects on the production efficiency is yet weak, the paper attempts to bridge this gap. The empirical findings suggest negative Marshallian externalities, while Jacobian externalities have no statistical impact on the job creation process. The findings are of strategic importance for governments who are developing industrial strategies for renewable energy.

Education for sustainable development in chemistry – challenges, possibilities and pedagogical models in Finland and elsewhere

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Juntunen ◽  
M. K. Aksela
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Sustainability Science ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pedagogical Models ◽  
Pedagogical Frameworks

This article analyses Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in chemistry by reviewing existing challenges and future possibilities on the levels of the teacher and the student. Pedagogical frameworks that are found eligible in practice are reviewed. Lesson themes that are suitable for implementing socio-scientific issues (SSI) related to ESD into basic chemistry education at schools are discussed. Based on this analysis, three new demonstrative pedagogical models for ESD in chemistry are presented to help guide the work of teachers. The models draw on an interdisciplinary reading of research in the field of SSI-based science education, sustainability science, green chemistry and environmental education. The current state of ESD in Finnish chemistry education is used as an example case throughout the article. Two tasks where future development is required were recognised. The first task concerns supporting chemistry teachers in overcoming the challenges with SSI and ESD they face in their work. The second task is to ensure that students are more often provided with more relevant and flexible chemistry content and studying methods.

scholarly journals Human Creativity and Consciousness: Unintended Consequences of the Brain’s Extraordinary Energy Efficiency?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Active Neuron ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
The One ◽  
The Brain

It is proposed that both human creativity and human consciousness are (unintended) consequences of the human brain’s extraordinary energy efficiency. The topics of creativity and consciousness are treated separately, though have a common sub-structure. It is argued that creativity arises from a synergy between two cognitive modes of the human brain (which broadly coincide with Kahneman’s Systems 1 and 2). In the first, available energy is spread across a relatively large network of neurons. As such, the amount of energy per active neuron is so small that the operation of such neurons is susceptible to thermal (ultimately quantum decoherent) noise. In the second, available energy is focussed on a small enough subset of neurons to guarantee a deterministic operation. An illustration of how this synergy can lead to creativity with implications for computing in silicon are discussed. Starting with a discussion of the concept of free will, the notion of consciousness is defined in terms of an awareness of what are perceived to be nearby counterfactual worlds in state space. It is argued that such awareness arises from an interplay between our memories on the one hand, and quantum physical mechanisms (where, unlike in classical physics, nearby counterfactual worlds play an indispensable dynamical role) in the ion channels of neural networks. As with the brain’s susceptibility to noise, it is argued that in situations where quantum physics plays a role in the brain, it does so for reasons of energy efficiency. As an illustration of this definition of consciousness, a novel proposal is outlined as to why quantum entanglement appears so counter-intuitive.

scholarly journals Mythologeme of the Road in Armenian Media Texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Petrosyan David V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Communication ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Media Texts

The spiritual dimensions of the road accompanied a person not only in the pre-Gutenberg (oral communication) but also in the post-Gutenberg era. Its mythological manifestations are still relevant today, when communication dominates the Internet space. The research topic is conditioned by this topic. The article presents a mythological image of a road, a number of components of which are woven into the structural and semantical layers of modern media texts. The purpose of the article is to highlight important aspects of this phenomenon based on an analysis of the cultural and political texts of modern Armenian media. In the process of research, we used content and discourse analyses. About thirty publications were selected from different websitesin which through discourse analysis, the substantive features of the mythologeme of the road in Armenian media texts were revealed.His formulation of the problem presupposed the initial presentation of a number of general attributes of the road mythologeme (sacred structure, the road as a “meeting place” of space and time, the presence of horizontal and vertical planes in mythological ideas about the road, the soul’s journey into the inner consciousness and into the world of one’s own “I” , etc. on the basis of which the analysis of cultural and political publications on Armenian websites was made. The research topic is promising, since in its interdisciplinary context it can suggest new ideas not only to media researchers but also to specialists in cultural studies, philosophy, and psychology.In publications on cultural themes, the mythologeme is expensive and enriches the dynamic picture of Armenian cultural life contributing through its spatial-temporal perspective and the author’s inner “I” to the national self-knowledge of the audience. In political publications, where “the road of Thought” is paramount, the culture of internal polemics, the search for the continuation of the key points of the mental road play an important role. The author’s word is transmitted to the reader with the division of time at certain intervals. Thanks to these important criteria, the spiritual and mental picture of the road asserts its distinctive presence in the Armenian media space. Keywords: road, Armenian, media discourse, media text, mythologeme, cultural, political publications

scholarly journals Evaluation of the influence of terrain and traffic road conditions on the driver’s driving performances by applying machine learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
Davor Vujanovic ◽  
Sladjana Jankovic ◽  
Marko Stokic ◽  
Stefan Zdravkovic
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Driving Style ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Cargo Transportation

In this paper, research is done in the influence of different terrain and traffic conditions on road sections on the driver?s driving performances, i.e. on the car energy efficiency and CO2 emission. A methodology aimed at determining to which extent unfavorable traffic and/or terrain conditions on a road section contribute to the driver?s worse driving performances, and also to determine when the driver?s aggressive driving style is responsible for greater fuel consumption and greater CO2 emission is proposed. In order to apply the proposed methodology, a research study was carried out in a cargo transportation company and 12 drives who drove the same vehicle on five different road sections were selected. As many as 284 014 of the instances of the data about the defined parameters of the road section and the driver?s driving style were collected, based on which and with the help of machine learning a prediction of the scores for the road section and the scores for the driver?s driving style was performed. The obtained results have shown that the proposed methodology is a useful tool for managers enabling them to simply and quickly determine potential room for increasing the energy efficiency of the vehicle fleet and decreasing CO2 emission.

scholarly journals Towards A Sustainable Green Design for Next-Generation Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isiaka Ajewale Alimi ◽  
Romilkumar K. Patel ◽  
Akeem O. Mufutau ◽  
Nelson J. Muga ◽  
Armando N. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Green Communications ◽  
Resource Allocation Algorithm ◽  
Allocation Algorithm

Abstract The evolution in the Information and Communications Technologies industry results in excessive energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in the wireless networks. In this context, energy efficiency in mobile networks has been attracting considerable attention as green communications and operational expenditures reduction depend on it. Although the Internet of Things is to be supported by devices that are low-energy consuming, the power consumption of the huge number to be connected for several applications and services demand significant attention. To offer insights into green communications, this paper reviews various energy efficiency improvement techniques. Also, we consider a hybrid model in which the main grid power and dynamically harvested green energy from renewable energy sources can be leveraged to support the energy demand of the radio access network. In this regard, we reformulate the energy consumption model and consider an energy-efficient power allocation algorithm for green energy optimization. Numerical results show that with resource allocation algorithm exploitation, the energy efficiency can be enhanced. Besides, the amount of the grid energy consumption can be considerably minimized, resulting in the greenhouse gas emissions reduction in the wireless networks.

scholarly journals Traffic Congestion In Azadpur Mandi: A Study On The Largest Vegetables And Fruits Market Of Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Raman Ekta ◽  
Anand Subhash ◽  
Suresh V. Madha ◽  
Sharma Poonam ◽  
Singh Anju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Green Transportation ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

India’s intended nationally determined contribution emission which is safe, smart and sustainable green transportation network. Azadpur Mandi which is known for the biggest selling place of fruits and vegetable in Delhi is becoming a place of very heavy traffic area zone. People who are living nearby and the people coming to Azadpur Mandi facing a lot of traffic and also because of no proper direction hinted there people are not able to reach their destination on time. This paper assesses urban traffic congestions and its impact on the daily life of stakeholders and also advocates some possible solutions. In this research found results the number of vehicles has increased in the last ten to fifteen years. The total number of categorised vehicle has also increased. Azadpur Mandi has impacted the land value of the surroundings. The road infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to the traffic volume of this area. The number of lanes in this area is less. This paper outlines the problems of traffic congestion in Asia’s largest sabji (Vegetable) Mandi by using statistical tools. There are very few parking lots inside and outside of the Mandi. This paper investigates the goal 11 of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Goal 11 says to make cities safe, resilience, sustainable. According to the Delhi Traffic police, Azadpur is one of the most accident-prone hotspots of Delhi.

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