scholarly journals Biocatalysis. Biological systems for the production of chemicals

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Held ◽  
A. Schmid ◽  
J. B. van Beilen ◽  
B. Witholt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Catalytic Potential ◽  
End Products

Biocatalysis harnesses the catalytic potential of enzymes to produce building blocks and end-products for the pharmaceutical and chemical industry. Located at the interface between fermentation processes and petrol-based chemistry, biotransformation processes broaden the toolbox for bioconversion of organic compounds to functionalized products.

ANACONDA ALLOY (A) 5090

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
End Products

Abstract ANACONDA (A) 5090, long a specialty item in the industry, is a wrought intermediate phospor bronze developed to fulfill a need for special end-products such as kettles and other containers. It has found broad applications in the chemical industry. It offers a good combination of strength, ductility, resilience, fatigue properties and resistance to both corrosion and erosion. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-372. Producer or source: Anaconda American Brass Company.

scholarly journals Non-Enzymatic Desymmetrization Reactions in Aqueous Media

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Satomi Niwayama
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Enzymatic Desymmetrization

Symmetric organic compounds are generally obtained inexpensively, and therefore they can be attractive building blocks for the total synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and natural products. The drawback is that discriminating the identical functional groups in the symmetric compounds is difficult. Water is the most environmentally benign and inexpensive solvent. However, successful organic reactions in water are rather limited due to the hydrophobicity of organic compounds in general. Therefore, desymmetrization reactions in aqueous media are expected to offer versatile strategies for the synthesis of a variety of significant organic compounds. This review focuses on the recent progress of desymmetrization reactions of symmetric organic compounds in aqueous media without utilizing enzymes.

Effect of formulations and fermentation processes on volatile organic compounds and prebiotic potential of gluten-free bread fortified by spirulina (Arthrospira platensis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Casciano ◽  
Lorenzo Nissen ◽  
Andrea Gianotti
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Volatile Organic

Gluten free (GF) foods, designed and marketed for the needs of people who are unable to metabolize gluten, in recent years have aroused growing interest that has led to the conquest of important market segments, with a strongly growing trend.

A Building Block Approach to Monofluorinated Organic Compounds

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1553-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Konev ◽  
Alexander F. Khlebnikov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Pericyclic Reactions ◽  
Fluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Block Approach

Building blocks for the synthesis of monofluorinated organic compounds are reviewed. The synthetic potential of polyhalomethanes, sulfur- and phosphorus-containing building blocks, difluoroethene, polyhaloethanes, fluoroacetic acid derivatives, and other compounds are described. Pericyclic reactions involving fluorinated compounds and application of the methodology of building blocks to the synthesis of monofluorinated pharmaceuticals and analogs of natural compounds are considered. The review with 317 references covers mainly the literature from 1996 through 2007.

In-Situ Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Biogas Fermentation Processes Using a Metal Oxide Gas Sensor Array

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-01 (28) ◽  
pp. 2153-2153
Author(s):  
Binayak Ojha ◽  
Divyashree Narayana ◽  
Margarita Aleksandrova ◽  
Heinz Kohler ◽  
Matthias Schwotzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Gas Sensor Array ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Metal Oxide Gas Sensor

Actinide Complexation with Biomimetic Phosphorylated Molecules

2012 ◽  
Vol 1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Safi ◽  
Marie Christine Charbonnel ◽  
Gaelle Creff ◽  
Aurélie Jeanson ◽  
Sarah Mostapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Tertiary Structures ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Coordination Site ◽  
Conformational Effects ◽  
Phosphorylated Peptides ◽  
Cation Coordination ◽  
Biological Complexes

ABSTRACTMost data available on the interaction of actinides with biological systems are based on physiological or biokinetic measurements, with scarce information on the structure of the actinide coordination site. This proceeding article describes an approach for structural elucidation of actinide biological complexes. Indeed most of c.a. actinide circulation pathways are unknown, as they accumulate mostly in bones, kidney and liver. In case of accidental release of radionuclide in the environment, internal contamination under either acute or chronic conditions has the potential to induce both radiological and chemical toxicity through significant interaction with the metabolome or proteome followed by possible functional modifications. For instance, the metalloproteins present primary, secondary and tertiary structures, and also different post-translational modifications, all playing a crucial role in interacting with their partners, which can be altered by actinide bonding. When tightly bound, metal ions are critical to the function, structure, and stability of the proteins, by disabling specific interactions through significant local or global conformational modifications. In order to overcome the intricacy of actinide chemistry combined with that of metalloproteins, a simplified study toward better understanding the interaction of actinides and biological systems using simple biomolecules such as amino acids has therefore been considered. Focus is made on the cation coordination site itself, given that conformational effects are not taken into account in this approach. In a first step, we have selected simple phosphorylated building blocks that may be considered as chemical representatives of some ubiquitous target metalloproteins or some important phosphorylated peptides or proteins.

MOLECULAR ACIDITY OF BUILDING BLOCKS OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL REACTIVITY THEORY STUDY

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1350034 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONGBO ZHAO ◽  
CHUNYING RONG ◽  
DULIN YIN ◽  
SHUBIN LIU
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Atomic Orbital ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Linear Relationships

An accurate prediction of the molecular acidity by employing ab initio or density functional approaches for typical molecular systems is still challenging. Recently, we proposed to utilize two quantum descriptors, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and the sum of valence natural atomic orbital (NAO) energies on the nucleus of both the acidic atom and leaving proton, to quantitatively evaluate the pKa values. This new approach has been validated by a number of organic and inorganic systems and justified within the framework of density functional reactivity theory (DFRT). In this work, we apply the approach to building blocks of biological systems, namely, 20 natural α-amino acids and 5 DNA/RNA bases, together with a few other biologically relevant species. Our results show that there exists a strong linear correlation between MEP on the nucleus of the N atom and the sum of N 2p NAO energies, with the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.99. Also, we observe that both MEP on the nitrogen nucleus and the sum of N 2p NAO energies correlate well with experimental pKa values, with the correlation coefficient equal to 0.91. Using this established model, we predicted the trend of pKa changes of amino acids in proteins with different dielectric constants. We also applied the model to predict pKa values for dipeptides. Implications of these linear relationships to understand functions and reactivity of biological systems are discussed as well.

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