scholarly journals branching index in polymers

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Branching Index

scholarly journals A novel nerve transection and repair method in mice: histomorphometric analysis of nerves, blood vessels, and muscles with functional recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Il Lee ◽  
Anagha A. Gurjar ◽  
M. A. Hassan Talukder ◽  
Andrew Rodenhouse ◽  
Kristen Manto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Transection ◽  
Functional Deficit ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Branching Index

AbstractPeripheral nerve transection is associated with permanent functional deficit even after advanced microsurgical repair. While it is difficult to investigate the reasons of poor functional outcomes of microsurgical repairs in humans, we developed a novel pre-clinical nerve transection method that allows reliable evaluation of nerve regeneration, neural angiogenesis, muscle atrophy, and functional recovery. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four different types of sciatic nerve transection: Simple Transection (ST), Simple Transection & Glue (TG), Stepwise Transection and Sutures (SU), and Stepwise Transection and Glue (STG). Mice were followed for 28 days for sciatic function index (SFI), and sciatic nerves and hind limb muscles were harvested for histomorphological and cellular analyses. Immunohistochemistry revealed more directional nerve fiber growth in SU and STG groups compared with ST and TG groups. Compared to ST and TG groups, optimal neural vessel density and branching index in SU and STG groups were associated with significantly decreased muscle atrophy, increased myofiber diameter, and improved SFI. In conclusion, our novel STG method represents an easily reproducible and reliable model with close resemblance to the pathophysiological characteristics of SU model, and this can be easily reproduced by any lab.

ON FINITE BRANCHED UNIFORMIZATIONS OF THE PROJECTIVE PLANE

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350017
Author(s):  
A. MUHAMMED ULUDAĞ ◽  
CELAL CEM SARIOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Projective Plane ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Plane Curve ◽  
Complex Projective Plane ◽  
Galois Covering ◽  
Cyclic Groups ◽  
Galois Coverings ◽  
Complex Projective ◽  
Branching Index

We give a brief survey of the so-called Fenchel's problem for the projective plane, that is the problem of existence of finite Galois coverings of the complex projective plane branched along a given divisor and prove the following result: Let p, q be two integers greater than 1 and C be an irreducible plane curve. If there is a surjection of the fundamental group of the complement of C into a free product of cyclic groups of orders p and q, then there is a finite Galois covering of the projective plane branched along C with any given branching index.

Long-Chain-Branching Index for Essentially Linear Polyethylenes

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (25) ◽  
pp. 8454-8464 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Shroff ◽  
H. Mavridis
Keyword(s):  
Chain Branching ◽  
Long Chain Branching ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Branching Index

Determination of the Wiener molecular branching index for the general tree

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Canfield ◽  
R. W. Robinson ◽  
D. H. Rouvray
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Branching ◽  
General Tree ◽  
Branching Index

On Modified and Reverse Wiener Indices of Trees

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wiener Index ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Modified Wiener Index ◽  
Branching Index

The Wiener index is a well-known measure of graph or network structures with similarly useful variants of modified and reverse Wiener indices. The Wiener index of a tree T obeys the relation W(T)=nT,1(e)·nT,2(e) where nT,1(e) and nT,2(e) are the number of vertices of T lying on the two sides of the edge e, and where the summation goes over all edges of T. The λ -modified Wiener index is defined as mWλ (T) =[nT,1(e)·nT,2(e)]λ . For each λ > 0 and each integer d with 3 ≤ d ≤ n− 2, we determine the trees with minimal λ -modified Wiener indices in the class of trees with n vertices and diameter d. The reverse Wiener index of a tree T with n vertices is defined as Λ(T)=½n(n-1)d(T)-W(T), where d(T) is the diameter of T. We prove that the reverse Wiener index satisfies the basic requirement for being a branching index.

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