Factors Affecting Potassium Fixation and Cation Exchange Capacities of Soil Vermiculite Clays

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Barshad
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potassium Fixation

Dehydration of the montmorillonite minerals

1955 ◽  
Vol 30 (228) ◽  
pp. 604-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Greene-Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydration Energy ◽  
Interlayer Cations ◽  
Potassium Fixation ◽  
Exchange Cations ◽  
Silicate Layers

Studies of the effect of dehydration at temperatures greater than 150° on sorption by montmorillonites have shown that small interlayer cations such as lithium and magnesium promote an irreversible decrease in the amount of interlamellar sorption and a consequent marked fall in the cation exchange capacity as measured by conventional methods (1, 2, 3, 4). The other minerals of the group do not show this property (4), which is quite distinct from the supposed 'potassium fixation' reported in these minerals (5). This latter effect, which is small for montmorillonite, refers to the decreased rate of exchange of potassium as compared with smaller exchange cations especially after the potassium-saturated mineral has been dried at ]00° C., and has been shown to be much more marked in mica-like minerals with silicate layers of higher charge density (e.g. illites and vermiculites (6)). The amount of water sorbed by potassium-saturated montmorillonite is not significantly affected by drying at temperatures below 400° C. although it is less than that of most other montmorilIonites (3), due probably to the low hydration energy of the potassium ion (7).

Rate-limited cation exchange in thin bentonitic barrier layers

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Young Jo ◽  
Craig H Benson ◽  
Tuncer B Edil
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Monovalent Cation ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Barrier Layers ◽  
Time Required

A three-compartment model was developed for simulating cation transport in bentonitic barrier layers that incorporates diffusion-controlled cation exchange among the mobile intergranular water (bulk pore water), immobile interparticle and interlayer water, and the montmorillonite mineral solid. Exchange on the external surfaces and interlayer region of montmorillonite is included. The model was evaluated for divalent-for-monovalent cation exchange in bentonite with experiments. A parametric study was conducted using the model to investigate factors affecting the time required to establish chemical equilibrium (i.e., completion of cation exchange) between the permeant liquid and thin layers of bentonite simulating geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Predictions obtained with the model were in general agreement with the data without calibration, except for Na concentrations in the effluent at very long times. Parametric simulations conducted with the model show that the time required to establish chemical equilibrium in GCLs is affected by the rate at which adsorbing cations are delivered to the pore space (affected by seepage velocity or influent concentration), the rate of mass transfer between the mobile and immobile liquid phases (controlled primarily by granule size of the bentonite), and the number of sites available for sorption (controlled by CEC and the dry density of the bentonite).Key words: bentonite, montmorillonite, exchange complex, diffusion, immobile liquid, interlayer.

Factors affecting potassium fixation in Argentine agricultural soils

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 2679-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Conti ◽  
A. M. de la Horra ◽  
D. Effron ◽  
D. Zourarakis
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potassium Fixation

scholarly journals Synthesis of hydrated ferric oxide on cation exchange resin for phosphate and hardness removal in water

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
Le Ba Tran ◽  
Trung Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Tri Thich Le ◽  
Quynh Anh Nguyen Thi ◽  
Phuoc Toan Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Adsorption Condition ◽  
Before And After

Abstract In this study, a potential adsorbent was synthesized from iron salt and cation exchange resin (FeOOH@CR) and applied for phosphate adsorption in batch experiments. The characteristics of FeOOH@CR materials before and after phosphate adsorption were determined by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The factors affecting the adsorption process such as reaction time, solution pH, material dosage, concentration, temperature, and competing ions were tested. Kinetic, thermodynamic and isothermal models of the adsorption process were applied to study the nature of the adsorption process. The properties of phosphate adsorption, effect of competitive ions and material reusability were also examined. Results showed that the adsorption time reached equilibrium after 48 h and the suitable adsorption condition was found at solution pH of 6.5, material dosage of 5 g/L. In addition, the durability of the material after 5 times of regeneration was investigated with the remained adsorption ability of about 55% as compared to the original one.

FACTORS AFFECTING GYPSUM AND CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY DETERMINATIONS IN GYPSIFEROUS SOILS1

Soil Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. SAYEGH ◽  
N. A. KHAN ◽  
P. KHAN ◽  
J. RYAN
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Adsorption and Separation of Crystal Violet, Cerium(III) and Lead(II) by Means of a Multi-Step Strategy Based on K10-Montmorillonite

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions ◽  
Time Required

A multi-step procedure, based on the employment of K10-Montmorillonite, is proposed for the selective removal of metal ions and dyes from a multicomponent solution. The objective is twofold: decontaminate the effluents and separate and recover the valuable byproducts present in wastewaters. Three common contaminants, i.e., crystal violet dye (CV), Ce(III) and Pb(II) were chosen as “model” pollutants. The main factors affecting the pollutants’ sorption were investigated. The experimental data were correlated with adsorption isotherms and kinetic models to obtain a deeper insight into the adsorption processes. The affinity of the clay toward the pollutants is favored by an increasing pH and follows the order CV > Pb(II) > Ce(III). Whereas Ce(III) metal ions do not adsorb onto clay under strongly acidic conditions, both Pb(II) and CV can adsorb under all the investigated pH conditions. The analysis of isotherms and kinetic profiles revealed that CV adsorbs onto clay through a mechanism consisting of two parallel processes, namely cation exchange on the external mineral surface and in the interlayer and surface complexation at the edge sites, while metal ion uptake is due solely to cation exchange processes involving mineral surfaces. The time required for the complete removal of pollutants follows the order CV > Ce(III) >> Pb(II). The possibility to modulate the adsorption features by changing experimental conditions was successfully employed to propose the best strategy for the progressive removal of different components from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of electrokinetic technology to remediate different soils contaminated by cadmium

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 04050
Author(s):  
Huiping XIAO ◽  
Fangfang LI ◽  
Fang ZHANG ◽  
Haoyu LONG ◽  
Ling LAN
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Five typical soils were selected as Cd-contaminated media in an electrokinetic remediation experiment, to reveal comprehensive relationships between soil physicochemical properties and electrokinetic remediation. Results showed that after 20 days of remediation, removal efficiencies of Cd from red soil, black soil, yellow brown soil, fluvo-aquic soil, and paddy soil were 80.8%, 79.3%, 78.2%, 62.7%, and 74.1%, respectively. Levels of soil pH, conductivity, cation exchange capacity in fluvo-aquic soil and paddy soil treatments were generally higher than the other three types of soils, which indicated some connections between Cd removal efficiencies and the above soil characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil H+ concentration was significantly correlated with Cd concentration and soil cation exchange capacity, and the correlation coefficients were -0.462 and -0.457, respectively. It is confirmed that H+ concentration is one of the important factors affecting the electrokinetic remediation of soil polluted by Cd.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document