Sulfonamide Cross-Reactivity: Fact or Fiction?

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly K Johnson ◽  
David L Green ◽  
Jason P Rife ◽  
Lynn Limon
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Package Insert ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
The Individual

OBJECTIVE: To provide a critical and comprehensive review of the literature, specifically case reports and observational studies used to support the concept of cross-reactivity between sulfonylarylamines and non-sulfonylarylamines. DATA SOURCES: A list of medications was formulated from several different review articles. A MEDLINE/PubMed search was conducted (1966–March 2004) using the individual medications and the MeSH terms of drug hypersensitivity/etiology, sulfonamides/adverse effects, and/or cross-reaction. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: A critical review of the methodology and conclusions for each article found in the search was conducted. The manufacturer's package insert (MPI) for each drug was examined for a statement concerning possible cross-reactivity in patients with a sulfonamide allergy. If indicated, the manufacturers were contacted to obtain any clinical data supporting the statement. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 33 medications were identified. Seventeen (51.5%) of the MPIs contained statements of varying degrees concerning use in patients with a “sulfonamide” allergy; 21 case series, case reports, and other articles were found. CONCLUSIONS: After a thorough critique of the literature, it appears that the dogma of sulfonylarylamine cross-reactivity with non-sulfonylarylamines is not supported by the data. While many of the case reports on the surface support the concept of cross-reactivity, on closer examination the level of evidence in many of the cases does not conclusively support either a connection or an association between the observed cause and effect.

A Review and Assessment of Drug-Induced Thrombocytosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quyen T. Vo ◽  
Dennis F. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Reactive Thrombocytosis ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Mesh Terms

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to review the current literature on drug-induced thrombocytosis with the goal of critically assessing causality and providing a comprehensive review of the topic. Thrombopoietic growth factors, such as thrombopoietin-receptor agonists (romiplostim and eltrombopag) and erythropoietin are not included in our review. Data Sources: The literature search included published articles limited to the English language and humans in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. MEDLINE/PubMed (1966 to September 2018) was searched using the MeSH terms thrombocytosis/chemically-induced and thrombocytosis/etiology. EMBASE (1980 to September 2018) was searched using the EMTAGS thrombocytosis/side effect. Web of Science (1970 to September 2018) was searched using the search term thrombocytosis. References of all relevant articles were reviewed for additional citations and information. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Review articles, clinical trials, background data, case series, and case reports of drug-induced thrombocytosis were collected, and case reports were assessed for causality using a modified Naranjo nomogram. Data Synthesis: Drug-induced thrombocytosis, a form of reactive thrombocytosis cannot be easily differentiated from more common etiologies of reactive thrombocytosis. In all, 43 case reports of drug-induced thrombocytosis from a wide variety of drugs and drug classes were reviewed using a modified Naranjo probability scale that included criteria specific for thrombocytosis. Conclusions: Drug-induced thrombocytosis is a relatively rare adverse drug reaction. The strongest evidence of causality supports low-molecular-weight heparins and neonatal drug withdrawal. Weaker evidence exists for all-trans retinoic acid, antibiotics, clozapine, epinephrine, gemcitabine, and vinca alkaloids.

Teratogenic Risk of Statins in Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1419-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M Godfrey ◽  
John Erramouspe ◽  
Kevin W Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Teratogenic Risk ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Teratogenic Potential ◽  
Statin Use ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: To evaluate the teratogenic potential of statins in women of child-bearing age. Data Sources: A PubMed search (1980-September 2012) was performed using the search terms statin and pregnancy, then repealed using statin and teratogenicity. Results were limited to articles published in English reporting on use of statins in humans. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All articles presenting data on pregnancy outcomes after statin use during any trimester of pregnancy were included. Three case reports, 2 case series, 2 systematic reviews, 2 registry-based studies, and 1 prospective observational cohort study were reviewed. Data Synthesis: Since initial premarketing studies of lovastatin in animals, terato-genesis has been assumed to be a classwide function of statins' mechanism of action. Data from human exposure during pregnancy have been gathered and analyzed in a variety of study formats to formulate useable conclusions on statins' actual teratogenic risk and pattern of associated birth defects. Although the current trend is that actual risk is lower than once thought, the available literature is limited by potential reporting bias, contains overlap in the data, and frequently lacks numbers of total exposures to statins during pregnancy with reported malformations. Additionally, no human studies included data on the 2 newest statins (rosuvastatin, pitavastatin); the more lipophilic statins (lovastatin, simvastatin) have the most experience and thus have more evidence related to teratogenic potential. Conclusions: Human teratogenic risk has not been proven nor has it been ruled out by the available data on statin use in pregnancy. Possible differences in risk between individual statins require further evaluation. Additional data, including prospective observational cohorts with inadvertent maternal exposure to statins during early weeks of gestation, should further help to clarify appropriate recommendations for statin use in this population.

scholarly journals 531 COVID-19 and Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: Are the Risk Higher? A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Haiduc ◽  
M Ogunjimi ◽  
R Shammus ◽  
S Mahmood ◽  
A Harky
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Introduction We aimed to determine if patients with CHD are at a higher risk of poor outcomes if they have COVID-19, compared to those without CHD. Method A systematic review was executed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. To identify articles related to COVID-19 and CHD, an extensive literature search was performed on EMBASE, Medline, Scopus and Global Health databases using keywords and MeSH terms. Results 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis in this systematic review. Two themes were identified for data extraction: [1] evidence supporting higher risks in CHD patients and [2] evidence against higher risks in CHD patients. After combining the data, there were 99 patients with CHDs out of which 12 required admission to ICU. Conclusions This systematic review suggests that CHD may increase the risk of poor outcomes for those with COVID-19, but also highlights the necessity for more research with larger sample sizes in order to make a more justified conclusion, as the majority of papers that were analysed were case series and case reports. Future research should aim to quantify the risks if possible while accounting for various confounding factors such as age and treatment history.

scholarly journals A review of the presentation and outcome of takotsubo cardiomyopathy in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin John ◽  
Amos Lal ◽  
Ajay Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Although the most frequent presentation of the novel Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome, cardiac involvement is being increasingly recognized. One such entity is takotsubo cardiomyopathy. We sought to review the various cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy reported during the COVID-19 pandemic and consolidate the information available on its clinical features, evaluation and treatment. We performed a PubMed search using the MeSH terms “Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy” or “Stress Cardiomyopathy” and “COVID-19”, and identified 16 case reports, two case series, and one retrospective cohort study. There was a total of 24 reported patients with COVID-19 infection, who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and two patients without COVID-19 who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to the emotional stress associated with the global pandemic. The mean age of the patients was 67.19 years (SD 15.83) and 16(59.3%) were women. Chest pain was reported in only ten patients (38.46 %) and ST-elevation was seen in 11 patients (42.3%). While most patients had typical takotsubo cardiomyopathy, four patients had inverted(reverse) takotsubo cardiomyopathy, two had bi-ventricular involvement, one had median takotsubo and another had global takotsubo with apical sparing variant. Most patients had a positive outcome with complete or near-complete reversal of cardiac dysfunction at the time of discharge. Five deaths (19.23%) were reported. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare, but increasingly reported reversible cardiomyopathy that can be seen in patients with COVID-19 infection and the diagnosis must be actively sought for in these patients.

scholarly journals Use of Self-Expandable Prosthesis for the Treatment of Colon and Rectal Benign Stenosis. Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
C. Manterola ◽  
S. Urrutia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Benign Stenosis

he main reason for the use of self-expandable prosthesis (SEP) is for the treatment of malignant colonic obstructions. The objective of this study is to determine the understanding with regard to results of applying SEP in benign stenosis of colon and rectum, measured in terms of numbers, etiology, and results. Systematic review. A search on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, DARE, HTA, NHSEED, EMBASE and CINAHL and TRIP database was conducted. We considered all studies published since 1990 for this report. Search strategies were applied to each database using MesH terms, truncated, free words and Booleans. The results and level of evidence of the studies were summarized in tables summarizing efficacy, safety and complications. We obtained 19 related articles. All of these were case series and case reports (evidence level 4), totaling less than 150 cases treated with SEP. The observed results were adequate in terms of symptom reduction, however, a considerable percentage of complications were observed (intestinal perforation, migration, re-obstruction and pain). Published experience concerning the results of the installation of SEP in benign strictures of colon and rectum is scarce and evidence is limited. Therefore, further studies and articles with improved methodological qualities are required.

Drug-Induced Restless Legs Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Patatanian ◽  
Melanie K. Claborn
Keyword(s):  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Study Selection

Objective: To review the literature on drug-induced restless legs syndrome (DI-RLS). Data Sources: The review included a search for English-language literature from 1966 to December 2017 in the MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ovid databases using the following search terms: restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movement, adverse effects, and drug-induced. In addition, background articles on the pathophysiology, etiology, and epidemiology of RLS were retrieved. Bibliographies of relevant articles were reviewed for additional citations. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All case reports, case series, and review articles of DI-RLS were identified and analyzed. There were only a small number of controlled clinical trials, and most data were from case reports and case series. Results: Several drugs and drug classes have been implicated in DI-RLS, with antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antiepileptics having the most evidence. In addition, RLS may be linked with a number of disorders or underlying predisposing factors as well. Conclusions: The prevalence of RLS is variable and ranges from 3% to 19% in the general population. There are many predisposing factors to RLS, but an emerging body of evidence suggests that there is an association between numerous drugs and RLS.

scholarly journals Manipulative and Manual Therapies in the Management of Patients with Prior Lumbar Surgery: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton J Daniels ◽  
Zachary A. Cupler ◽  
Jordan A Gliedt ◽  
Sheryl Walters ◽  
Alec L Schielke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Manual Therapies ◽  
Lumbar Surgery ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Surgical Interventions

Abstract BackgroundThe purpose was to identify, summarize, and rate scholarly literature that describes manipulative and manual therapy following lumbar surgery.MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered with PROSPERO. PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ICL, CINAHL, and PEDro were searched through July 2019. Articles were screened independently by at least two reviewers for inclusion. Articles included described the practice, utilization, and/or clinical decision making to post surgical intervention with manipulative and/or manual therapies. Data extraction consisted of principal findings, pain and function/disability, patient satisfaction, opioid/medication consumption, and adverse events. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network critical appraisal checklists were utilized to assess study quality.ResultsLiterature search yielded 1916 articles, 348 duplicates were removed, 109 full-text articles were screened and 50 citations met inclusion criteria. There were 37 case reports/case series, 3 randomized controlled trials, 3 pilot studies, 5 systematic/scoping/narrative reviews, and 2 commentaries. ConclusionThe findings of this review may help inform practitioners who utilize manipulative and/or manual therapies regarding levels of evidence for patients with prior lumbar surgery. Following lumbar surgery, the evidence indicated inpatient neural mobilization does not improve outcomes. There is inconclusive evidence to recommend for or against most manual therapies after most surgical interventions.Trial registrationProspectively registered with PROSPERO (#CRD42020137314). Registered 24 January 2020.

Real-world risk of anosmia with cancer directed systemic therapy: A pharmacovigilance assessment using FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) database.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18790-e18790
Author(s):  
Anahat Kaur ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Arlene Yu ◽  
Tarek N. Elrafei ◽  
Lewis Steinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Package Insert ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Database

e18790 Background: Anosmia is a rare and under-reported adverse event associated with the use of several oncologic drugs. Instances of olfactory disturbances following administration of chemotherapeutic agents have been sporadically documented in case reports and case series. We aimed to conduct a more comprehensive study to generate signal for anosmia as adverse effect of drugs used for oncologic indications. Methods: The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) database, a pharmacovigilance database, was used to extract data. All reported cases of anosmia in the database were filtered for an indication of cancer. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS 26. Results: Total 10250 cases of anosmia were extracted from FAERS database. Out of these, cancer as an indication for medication use was noted in 139 cases. Some of the most common suspect medications exclusively associated with more than one case of anosmia were palbociclib (n=16), enzalutamide (13), pazopanib (8), cabozantinib (8), letrozole (6), leuprolide (5), niraparib (5), rucaparib (4), tamoxifen (4), capecitabine (3), everolimus (3), anastrazole (2), exemestane (2), zoledronic acid (2), vandetanib (2) and vismodegib (2). Detailed description of medications with highest number of reported cases is listed in Table. Median age at diagnosis was 66 years (interquartile range 58-71). Anosmia was reported more commonly in females (64% ) as compared to males (33.8%). Reactions were reported to the FDA more commonly by consumers (56.8%) as compared to healthcare professionals (40.3% cases). Out of 139 patients with anosmia, 93 (66.9%) had concomitant ageusia, 8 (5.7 %) had dysgeusia and 6 (4.3%) patients had neuropathy. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a signal for anosmia as side effect in patients receiving select oncologic medications based on the FAERS database. It is worth noting that none of the suspect medications identified in this study have anosmia listed as known adverse reaction on accompanying package insert. Further studies need to be conducted to confirm if causal relationship exists between use of these drugs and olfactory function compromise. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Overview and Insights into Carbapenem Allergy

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuman Lee ◽  
Nicole Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Cross Sensitivity ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding antibiotic allergies and the risk of cross-sensitivity between and within antibiotic classes can have a substantial impact on patient care. The purpose of this review article is to provide insight into carbapenem allergies, describing the overall incidence, risk factors, and in-class cross-sensitivity. A PubMed search was conducted using the following search terms: carbapenem, allergy, cross-sensitivity, incidence, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, ertapenem, and doripenem. Article bibliographies and relevant drug monographs were also reviewed. The overall reported incidence of carbapenem allergy is 0.3%–3.7%. Risk of cross-sensitivity between penicillins and carbapenems is less than 1% in patients with a positive penicillin skin test. Data on cross-sensitivity between cephalosporins and carbapenems are limited; however, the risk appears to also be low. No clinical studies have described cross-sensitivity between the carbapenem agents thus far. The limited data available from case reports demonstrates a lack of cross-sensitivity between the individual carbapenems, suggesting that an alternative carbapenem may cautiously be used in patients with a reported carbapenem allergy.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Neonates: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Kant Dhir ◽  
Jogender Kumar ◽  
Jitendra Meena ◽  
Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Mesh Terms

Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to systematically synthesize the currently available literature on various modes of transmission (congenital, intrapartum, and postpartum), clinical features and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science until 9 June 2020. A combination of keywords and MeSH terms, such as COVID-19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, neonates, newborn, infant, pregnancy, obstetrics, vertical transmission, maternal–foetal transmission and intrauterine transmission, were used in the search strategy. We included studies reporting neonatal outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 proven pregnancies or neonatal cases diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Eighty-six publications (45 case series and 41 case reports) were included in this review. Forty-five case series reported 1992 pregnant women, of which 1125 (56.5%) gave birth to 1141 neonates. A total of 281 (25%) neonates were preterm, and caesarean section (66%) was the preferred mode of delivery. Forty-one case reports describe 43 mother-baby dyads of which 16 were preterm, 9 were low birth weight and 27 were born by caesarean section. Overall, 58 neonates were reported with SARS-CoV-2 infection (4 had a congenital infection), of which 29 (50%) were symptomatic (23 required ICU) with respiratory symptoms being the predominant manifestation (70%). No mortality was reported in SARS-CoV-2-positive neonates. Conclusion The limited low-quality evidence suggests that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections in neonates is extremely low. Unlike children, most COVID-positive neonates were symptomatic and required intensive care. Postpartum acquisition was the commonest mode of infection in neonates, although a few cases of congenital infection have also been reported.

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