scholarly journals Mycelial Growth and Biological Control Measures of Botrytis cinerea Isolated from Strawberry Fruit Rot Disease in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Sanjida Sultana ◽  
Md. Maniruzzaman Sikder ◽  
Md. Sabbir Ahmmed ◽  
Aireen Sultana ◽  
Nuhu Alam
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea Isolates from Conventional and Organic Strawberry Fields in Brazil to Azoxystrobin, Iprodione, Pyrimethanil, and Thiophanate-Methyl

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1803-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Baggio ◽  
Natalia A. Peres ◽  
Lilian Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Control Disease

Botrytis fruit rot, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most important strawberry diseases worldwide, and fungicide applications are often used to manage the disease in commercial production. Isolates of B. cinerea were collected from conventional and organic strawberry fields in four Brazilian States from 2013 to 2015 and their sensitivity to the main single-site mode-of action fungicides used in Brazil was tested. Resistance to azoxystrobin, iprodione, pyrimethanil, and thiophanate-methyl was found and values for effective concentration that inhibited mycelial growth by 50% were higher than 71.9, 1.2, 5.0, and 688 µg/ml, respectively, regardless the production system. Resistance to these fungicides was observed in 87.5, 76.6, 23.4, and 92.2% of isolates from conventional fields and 31.4, 22.9, 14.3, and 51.4% of isolates from organic fields, respectively. Moreover, frequencies of isolates with multiple fungicide resistance to the four active ingredients were 20.6 and 2.8% whereas 6.3 and 27.8% were sensitive to the four fungicides for conventional and organic areas, respectively. Molecular analyses of the cytochrome b, β-tubulin, and bos1 genes revealed the presence of G143A; E198A; and I365 N/S, Q369P, or N373S mutations, respectively, in resistant isolates of B. cinerea. Field rates of fungicides sprayed preventively to inoculated strawberry fruit failed to control disease caused by the respective resistant isolates.

scholarly journals Control of Sphaeropsis Rot in Stored Apple Fruit Caused by Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens with Postharvest Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Xiao ◽  
Y. K. Kim ◽  
R. J. Boal
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Sphaeropsis Rot

Sphaeropsis rot caused by Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens is a recently reported postharvest fruit rot disease of apple grown in Washington State. The objective of this study was to develop chemical-based mitigation measures for Sphaeropsis rot in stored apple fruit. To determine in vitro sensitivity of S. pyriputrescens to the three registered postharvest fungicides thiabendazole, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil, 30 isolates of S. pyriputrescens obtained from various sources were tested for mycelial growth and conidial germination on fungicide-amended media. Golden Delicious apple fruit were inoculated with the pathogen in the orchard at 2 or 5 weeks before harvest. After harvest, fruit were either nontreated or dipped in thiabendazole, fludioxonil, or pyrimethanil solutions, stored at 0°C, and monitored for decay development for up to 9 months after harvest. The mean effective concentration of a fungicide that inhibits mycelial growth or spore germination by 50% relative to the nonamended control (EC50) values of thiabendazole, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil on mycelial growth were 0.791, 0.0005, and 2.829 μg/ml, respectively. Fludioxonil and pyrimethanil also were effective in inhibiting conidial germination of the fungus with EC50 values of 0.02 μg/ml for fludioxonil and 5.626 μg/ml for pyrimethanil. All three postharvest fungicides applied at label rates immediately after harvest were equally effective in controlling Sphaeropsis rot in stored apple fruit, reducing disease incidence by 92 to 100% compared with the nontreated control. The results indicated that Sphaeropsis rot may be effectively controlled by the currently registered postharvest fungicides thiabendazole, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of the pathogen responsible for Choanephora fruit rot disease in Momordica charantia (L.) and establishment of its ecofriendly control measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 022-033
Author(s):  
Chowdhury Md. Estiak Khan ◽  
Chaity Arnaba Saha ◽  
Khan Alam ◽  
Ferdouse Khandker Jannatul ◽  
Islam Md. Asadul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals First Worldwide Report of a Strawberry Fruit Rot Disease Caused by Phytophthora capsici Isolates

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Barboza ◽  
M. E. N. Fonseca ◽  
L. S. Boiteux ◽  
A. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Exploration and Effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. from Jember and Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia Cacao Plantation as A Biological Control of Phytophthora palmivora

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Henik Sukorini ◽  
Feby Wirasdenty Aigahayunindy ◽  
Erfan Dani Septia ◽  
Netnapis Khewkhom
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Cacao Plantation ◽  
All Treatment

Fruit rot disease is very damaging to cacao pods, which is caused by Phytoptora palmivora. The attack rate of P. palmivora varies. In Java, losses due to this disease reduce yields by 90 %. P. palmivora is a soil–borne pathogen. It is currently included in the Kingdom Chromista. Control with fungicides is not successful at this time, the alternatives is biologis control with Trichoderma sp. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was Trichoderma sp. the second factor was P. palmivora. All treatment combinations were repeated three times. Trichoderma sp. antagonist test to P. palmivora was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and then further tested using a 5 % BNJ. Trichoderma sp. origin from Jember and Trenggalek districts, East Java, Indonesia were able to act as antagonists against P. palmivora with the highest inhibitory of 78 %. In comparison, the lowest inhibitory was 70 % of isolates from Jember district, East java, Indoe. Characteristics of Trichoderma sp. The origin of Trenggalek Regency and Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora has the same species, namely Trichoderma harzianum.

scholarly journals Resistance in Strawberry Isolates of Colletotrichum acutatum from Florida to Quinone-Outside Inhibitor Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna B. Forcelini ◽  
Teresa E. Seijo ◽  
Achour Amiri ◽  
Natalia A. Peres
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Quinone Outside Inhibitor ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Anthracnose fruit rot of strawberry, caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, is a major disease in Florida and frequent quinone-outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide applications are needed for disease control. From 1994 to 2014, 181 C. acutatum isolates were collected from multiple strawberry fields in Florida with or without QoI spray history. Sensitivity to azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin was tested based upon mycelial growth and germ tube elongation inhibition. Mean effective concentration where growth was reduced by 50% (EC50) values for isolates collected prior to 2013 based upon mycelial growth were 0.22 and 0.013 μg/ml and upon germ tube elongation were 0.57 and 0.03 μg/ml for azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, respectively. Mycelial growth and germ tube elongation of 48 isolates collected in 2013 and 2014 were not inhibited with azoxystrobin at 3 μg/ml and pyraclostrobin at 0.110 μg/ml. A fungicide discriminatory dose assay indicated that 43 of the 48 isolates had EC50 values higher than 100 and 10 μg/ml for azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, respectively. Azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin sprayed preventively on strawberry fruit inoculated with C. acutatum failed to control resistant isolates. Sequencing of the cytochrome b gene of sensitive and resistant isolates showed that QoI-resistant isolates contained either G143A or F129L amino acid substitutions.

scholarly journals Biological control of Botrytis cinerea on strawberry fruit

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Y. Klechkovskіy ◽  
N. Mogilyuk ◽  
O. Ignatyeva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Strawberry Fruit

The article presents the results of testing a biological fungicide Serenade ASO, SC that protects strawberry against grey mould Botrytis cinerea Pers.

scholarly journals Plant Biostimulants: New Insights Into the Biological Control of Verticillium Wilt of Olive

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-Moral ◽  
Carlos Agustí-Brisach ◽  
Antonio Trapero
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Disease Reduction

Verticillium wilt of olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea L.) (VWO), caused by the hemibiotrophic soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is considered the major limiting factor of this crop in Mediterranean-type climate regions of the world. The absence of effective chemical treatments makes the control of the disease difficult. In this way, the use of biostimulants and host plant defense inducers seems to be one of the most promising biological and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional control measures. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of 32 products, including amino acids, micronutrients, microorganisms, substances of natural origin, copper complex-based products, and organic and inorganic salts against the disease under controlled conditions. To this end, their effects on mycelial growth and microsclerotia (MS) inhibition of V. dahliae were evaluated by means of dual cultures or by sensitivity tests in vitro as well as on disease progression in planta. Wide ranging responses to the pathogen and disease reduction levels were observed among all the products tested, suggesting multiple modes of action. Copper-based products were among the most effective for mycelial growth and MS inhibition, whereas they did not show an important effect on the reduction of disease severity in planta. Phoma sp. and Aureobasidium pullulans were the most effective in disease reduction in planta with foliar application. On the other hand, two phosphite salts, one with copper and the other with potassium, were the most effective in disease reduction in planta when they were applied by irrigation, followed by A. pullulans and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. This study will be useful to select the best candidates for future studies, contributing significantly to new insights into the current challenge of the biological control of VWO.

scholarly journals Biocontrol activity of microoganisms on Botrytis isolates from vineyards

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Yara Suhan Juárez-Campusano ◽  
María del Socorro Chávaro-Ortiz ◽  
Lourdes Soto-Muñoz / ◽  
Juan Ramiro Pacheco-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Physiological Diversity ◽  
Grape Fruit ◽  
Biocontrol Activity

Botrytis cinerea causes postharvest fruit rot of an infinity of crops, the infective capacity is due to its physiological diversity that shown, even inside the same crop. For its control, the use of antagonistic microoganisms is emerging as a sustainable option. In the present work, 40 Botrytis isolates from three vineyards were characterized by their ability to infect grape fruit (Thomson Seedless), the results showed that all produced lesions diameters from 6.5 to 22.2 mm. Ten of these isolates that presented differences in terms of their virulence, were subject to in vitro antagonism test, using the yeasts Metschnikowia sp. NB9 and FLL17 (Kodamaea sp. FLL17 and the bacteria FR4B12 Bacillus sp. R4B12 from must and flower and fruit, respectively. The results showed that, on average, FRB412 had the highest inhibitory activity on the growth of Botrytis strains, exhibiting mycelial growth inhibition percentages from 51 to 81 %, followed by FLL17 (21 to 53 %) and NB9 (15 to 51 %). In conclusion, the three study strains have different ranges of biocontrol on Botrytis, whose application could reduce gray rot in grapes.

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