Migration Behavior of Fission Products in and from Spherical High-Temperature Reactor Fuel Elements

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-379
Author(s):  
Kousaku Fukuda ◽  
Ekkehard Groos ◽  
John Rau
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Reactor Fuel ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
Fuel Elements

Accident testing of high-temperature reactor fuel elements from the HFR-EU1bis irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 241 (8) ◽  
pp. 2813-2821 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Freis ◽  
P.D.W. Bottomley ◽  
A.I. Kellerbauer ◽  
V.V. Rondinella ◽  
P. Van Uffelen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Reactor Fuel ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
Fuel Elements

Post Irradiation Testing of High Temperature Reactor Spherical Fuel Elements Under Accident Conditions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Freis ◽  
D. Bottomley ◽  
J. Ejton ◽  
W. de Weerd ◽  
H. Kostecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Cold Finger ◽  
Fission Gas ◽  
Accident Condition ◽  
Gas Measurement ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
Fuel Elements

A new furnace for accident condition testing of spherical High Temperature Reactor (HTR) fuel elements has been installed and is now operating in the Hot Cells of the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) Karlsruhe. The recent apparatus was constructed on the basis of a former development by Forschungszentrum Ju¨lich (FzJ) [Schenk 1988] where it was named Ku¨FA, the German acronym for cold finger apparatus. In a preceding publication [Toscano 2004] the general concept and details of the device were described. The present paper reports on the first operation under hot conditions, the calibration of the fission gas measurement and of the efficiency of the cold finger, which is used to plate out solid fission products. Finally the results of fission product release and analysis of two heating tests on two fuel elements from the HFR K6 irradiation experiment [Nabielek 1993] are presented and discussed.

Postirradiation Testing of High Temperature Reactor Spherical Fuel Elements Under Accident Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Freis ◽  
D. Bottomley ◽  
J. Ejton ◽  
W. de Weerd ◽  
H. Kostecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fission Product ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Cold Finger ◽  
Product Release ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
Fuel Elements ◽  
Beijing China

A new furnace for accident condition testing of spherical high temperature reactor fuel elements has been installed and now operates in the hot cells of the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) Karlsruhe. The recent apparatus was constructed on the basis of a former development by Forschungszentrum Jülich (Schenk, Pitzer, and Nabielek, 1988, “Fission Product Release Profiles From Spherical HTR Fuel Elements at Accident Temperatures,” Jülich Report No. 2234), where it was named KüFA, the German acronym for cold finger apparatus. In a preceding publication (Kostecka, Ejton, de Weerd, and Toscano, 2004, “Post-Irradiation Testing of HTR-Fuel Elements Under Accident Conditions, Part 1 and 2,” Second International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology, Beijing, China) the general concept and details of the device were described. The present paper reports on the first operation under hot conditions, and the calibration of the fission gas measurement and of the efficiency of the cold finger, which is used to plate out solid fission products. Finally the results of fission product release and analysis of two heating tests on two fuel elements from the high temperature reactor K6 irradiation experiment (Nabielek, Conrad, Roellig, and Meyers, 1993, “Fuel Irradiation Experiments on HFR-K6 and HFR-B1 With Intermittent Water Vapour Injections,” Technical Committee Meeting on Response of Fuel, Fuel Elements and Gas Cooled Reactor Cores Under Accidental Air or Water Ingress Conditions, Beijing, China, Oct. 25–27) are presented and discussed.

Post Irradiation Examination of HTR Fuel at ITU Karlruhe

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Freis ◽  
P. D. Bottomley ◽  
J.-P. Hiernaut ◽  
J.-Y. Colle ◽  
J. Ejton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Cold Finger ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
Coated Particles ◽  
Product Release ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
Accident Scenarios ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Fuel Elements

In the last years considerable efforts have been made at the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) in order to reestablish European knowledge and ability in safety testing of irradiated high temperature reactor (HTR) Fuel Elements. In the framework of the 6th European framework programme a cold finger apparatus (Ku¨FA) furnace, formerly installed at FZ-Ju¨lich (FzJ), has been installed in a hot cell at ITU [Freis 2008] in order to test fission product release under high temperature and non-oxidising conditions. Several analytical methods (e.g. Gamma-spectrometry, mass-spectrometry) have been applied in order to analyse different isotopes released during Ku¨FA tests. After the heating tests, examinations of the fuel elements were performed including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-hardness testing of coated particles. Individual coated particles were object of heating tests in a Knudsen cell with a coupled mass spectrometer measuring all released species. In order to cover more accident scenarios, a second furnace for oxidising-conditions (air- or water-ingress) was constructed and installed in a cold lab. Furthermore a disintegration apparatus, based on anodic oxidation, was constructed and fuel elements were dissolved obtaining thousands of individual coated particles for further examination. A fully automated irradiated microsphere gamma analyzer (IMGA) is under construction and will be used, in particular, to identify and sort out failed particles.

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