Feasibility of Designing the Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source Reactor with Negative Void Reactivity Feedback

2007 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-278
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Okawa ◽  
Ehud Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Nuclear Heat

Modeling and Analysis of Power Conversion System for High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor With Cogeneration

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Afrazeh ◽  
Hiwa Khaledi ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Ghofrani
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Conversion System ◽  
High Temperature Gas

A gas turbine in combination with a nuclear heat source has been subject of study for some years. This paper describes the advantages of a gas turbine combined with an inherently safe and well-proven nuclear heat source. The design of the power conversion system is based on a regenerative, non-intercooled, closed, direct Brayton cycle with high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), as heat source and helium gas as the working fluid. The plant produces electricity and hot water for district heating (DH). Variation of specific heat, enthalpy and entropy of working fluid with pressure and temperature are included in this model. Advanced blade cooling technology is used in order to allow for a high turbine inlet temperature. The paper starts with an overview of the main characteristics of the nuclear heat source, Then presents a study to determine the specifications of a closed-cycle gas turbine for the HTGR installation. Attention is given to the way such a closed-cycle gas turbine can be modeled. Subsequently the sensitivity of the efficiency to several design choices is investigated. This model is developed in Fortran.

Selecting a distillation scheme for purifying ditolylmethane for a nuclear heat source

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
V. I. Garanin ◽  
G. F. Stychinskii ◽  
G. Z. Chukhlov ◽  
V. S. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Nuclear Heat

Computational Analysis of the Thermal-Hydraulic Characteristics of the Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source

2005 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Nishi ◽  
Nobuyuki Ueda ◽  
Izumi Kinoshita ◽  
Ehud Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Nuclear Heat

Inherently Safe Nuclear Power Generation With Electrically Coupled Compressor and Turbo Expander(s)

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulian A. K. Crommelin ◽  
Walter F. Crommelin
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nuclear Power Generation ◽  
Small Current ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Open Cycle

Gas turbines in combination with a nuclear heat source have been subject for study for some years. This paper is a logical follow up on previous papers regarding small scale nuclear power generation using gas turbines with a well-proven, inherently safe nuclear heat source. In the Netherlands the NEREUS project has been working on this concept since 1993. The acronym NEREUS describes very well the goals of this project. (Ref 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). NEREUS stands for: a Natural safe, Efficient, Reactor, Easy to operate, Ultimately simple and Small. Current studies focus on the gas turbine part of the installation. After three years of studying the possibilities of the closed cycle helium gas turbine, the NEREUS project returned in 2000 to its original thought of using an existing open-cycle gas turbine or components of such an engine, as energy conversion unit. The paper starts with an introduction on why nuclear power should get more attention, basically explaining “the reasons why” of the NEREUS project. Secondly the paper gives an overview of the main characteristics of the nuclear heat source. Thirdly the paper will discuss the current study to determine the specifications of an open-cycle gas turbine for the NEREUS installation. Attention is given to the way such an open-cycle gas turbine can be controlled. The nuclear heat source is controlled by the laws of physics and it is not recommended to intervene under any circumstances with this very important safety feature.

Analysis of a 115MW, 3-Shaft, Helium Brayton Cycle Using Nuclear Heat Source

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pradeep Kumar ◽  
A. Tourlidakis ◽  
P. Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Shaft Speed ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Surge Margin ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Steady State Performance

This paper describes the steady state performance analysis of a 3-shaft closed cycle helium turbine using nuclear heat source. The analysis is carried out using a computer program, which is specifically made for this cycle. The computer model was tested for various Turbine Entry Temperatures (TET) and absolute pressures. The analysis of the change was focused on the compressors, as these are relatively more critical than the rest of the equipments. The change in TET triggered changes in shaft speed, mass flow rate, power output, absolute pressure etc. Adjustable guide vanes were used to study the operation with constant surge margin. The closed cycle was tested for various absolute pressures and it was established that the efficiency will not be affected in using the inventory control for the load variation.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Power Plant Possibilities With a Nuclear Heat Source: Closed and Open Cycles

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
High Temperature Gas

With the capability of burning a variety of fossil fuels, giving high thermal efficiency, and operating with low emissions, the gas turbine is becoming a major prime-mover for a wide spectrum of applications. Almost three decades ago two experimental projects were undertaken in which gas turbines were actually operated with heat from nuclear reactors. In retrospect, these systems were ahead of their time in terms of technology readiness, and prospects of the practical coupling of a gas turbine with a nuclear heat source towards the realization of a high efficiency, pollutant free, dry-cooled power plant has remained a long-term goal, which has been periodically studied in the last twenty years. Technology advancements in both high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and gas turbines now make the concept of a nuclear gas turbine plant realizable. Two possible plant concepts are highlighted in this paper, (1) a direct cycle system involving the integration of a closed-cycle helium gas turbine with a modular high temperature gas cooled reactor (MHTGR), and (2) the utilization of a conventional and proven combined cycle gas turbine, again with the MHTGR, but now involving the use of secondary (helium) and tertiary (air) loops. The open cycle system is more equipment intensive and places demanding requirements on the very high temperature heat exchangers, but has the merit of being able to utilize a conventional combined cycle turbo-generator set. In this paper both power plant concepts are put into perspective in terms of categorizing the most suitable applications, highlighting their major features and characteristics, and identifying the technology requirements. The author would like to dedicate this paper to the late Professor Karl Bammert who actively supported deployment of the closed-cycle gas turbine for several decades with a variety of heat sources including fossil, solar, and nuclear systems.

Nuclear Desalination the Small and Peaceful Way

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulian A. K. Crommelin ◽  
Walter F. Crommelin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Maintenance Cycle

This study is about a much discussed and recommended application of a nuclear gas turbine and was undertaken at the request of many visitors to the Nuclear Gas Turbine stand at the ASME IGTI 2002 in Amsterdam. Apparently, the specifications of the NEREUS plant led their thoughts to small-scale energy production combined with fresh water production. This thought fits well into the basic idea that: Energy equals Electricity, Heat and Fresh Water. The NEREUS project is a non-profit organisation seeking to expand the use of Small Scale Nuclear Power Generation. This paper discusses the possibilities to produce fresh water with a NEREUS inherently safe nuclear power plant. The acronym NEREUS describes very well the goals of this project and stands for: A Natural safe, Efficient, Reactor, Easy to operate, Ultimately simple and Small. Fresh water can be produced using any fossil fuelled energy conversion unit, but this study works out how the advantages of a gas turbine in combination with an inherently safe and well-proven nuclear heat source combines the advantages of a gas turbine with the logistic advantages of nuclear power. The paper starts with an introduction on why the energy conversion branch should pay more attention to fresh water production. Secondly the paper gives an overview of the main characteristics of the nuclear heat source. Thirdly the paper briefly explains the most common methods used for fresh water produced. Finally the paper will discuss the conclusion of this study, which was: The ENERGY demand of 27648 people can be fully and affordably satisfied in both quantity and quality, with a well-proven, inherently safe, self controlling nuclear pebble-bed 20 MWth reactor. Such a reactor is suitable for unmanned operation with a three year refuelling and maintenance cycle, and with the dimensions of 10 × 10 × 10 meters.

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