scholarly journals THE STRUCTURE, DEGRADATION AND FIBRE DRAWING PROPERTIES OF PHOSPHATE BASED GLASSES FIBRE: THE EFFECTS OF Fe₂O₃ AND B₂O₃ ADDITION

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenkai Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Fibre Drawing

scholarly journals Enhanced Reversible Zinc Ion Intercalation in Deficient Ammonium Vanadate for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zong ◽  
Wei Du ◽  
Chaofeng Liu ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Qilong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
High Specific Capacity ◽  
Irreversible Reaction ◽  
Ammonium Vanadate ◽  
Structure Degradation

AbstractAmmonium vanadate with bronze structure (NH4V4O10) is a promising cathode material for zinc-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and low cost. However, the extraction of $${\text{NH}}_{{4}}^{ + }$$ NH 4 + at a high voltage during charge/discharge processes leads to irreversible reaction and structure degradation. In this work, partial $${\text{NH}}_{{4}}^{ + }$$ NH 4 + ions were pre-removed from NH4V4O10 through heat treatment; NH4V4O10 nanosheets were directly grown on carbon cloth through hydrothermal method. Deficient NH4V4O10 (denoted as NVO), with enlarged interlayer spacing, facilitated fast zinc ions transport and high storage capacity and ensured the highly reversible electrochemical reaction and the good stability of layered structure. The NVO nanosheets delivered a high specific capacity of 457 mAh g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and a capacity retention of 81% over 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1. The initial Coulombic efficiency of NVO could reach up to 97% compared to 85% of NH4V4O10 and maintain almost 100% during cycling, indicating the high reaction reversibility in NVO electrode.

Pressure Effects on Structured Optical Fibre Drawing by Modified Single-Capillary Modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 102528
Author(s):  
Ghazal Tafti ◽  
John Canning ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Yanhua Luo ◽  
Kevin Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibre ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Fibre Drawing

Monitoring dynamic stiffness that predicts concrete structure degradation

2016 ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mostafa ◽  
R. Loendersloot ◽  
T. Tinga ◽  
A.D. Reitsema ◽  
D.A. Hordijk
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Structure Degradation

scholarly journals A review of regulation ecosystem services and disservices from faunal populations and potential impacts of agriculturalisation on their provision, globally

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gutierrez-Arellano ◽  
Mark Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Animal Populations

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is the main cause of natural ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss and can cause a decrease in ecosystem service provision. Animal populations are providers of some key regulation services: pollination, pest and disease control and seed dispersal, the so-called faunal ecosystem services (FES). Here we aim to give an overview on the current and future status of regulation FES in response to change from original habitat to agricultural land globally. FES are much more tightly linked to wildlife populations and biodiversity than are most ecosystem services, whose determinants are largely climatic and related to vegetation structure. Degradation of ecosystems by land use change thus has much more potential to affect FES. In this scoping review, we summarise the main findings showing the importance of animal populations as FES providers and as a source of ecosystem disservices; underlying causes of agriculturalisation impacts on FES and the potential condition of FES under future LUCC in relation to the expected demand for FES globally. Overall, studies support a positive relationship between FES provision and animal species richness and abundance. Agriculturalisation has negative effects on FES providers due to landscape homogenisation, habitat fragmentation and loss, microclimatic changes and development of population imbalance, causing species and population losses of key fauna, reducing services whilst enhancing disservices. Since evidence suggests an increase in FES demand worldwide is required to support increased farming, it is imperative to improve the understanding of agriculturalisation on FES supply and distribution. Spatial conservation prioritisation must factor in faunal ecosystem functions as the most biodiversity-relevant of all ecosystem services and that which most closely links sites of service provision of conservation value with nearby sites of service use to provide ecosystem services of agricultural and economic value.

Strontium oxide doped quaternary glasses: effect on structure, degradation and cytocompatibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Lakhkar ◽  
E. A. Abou Neel ◽  
V. Salih ◽  
J. C. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Strontium Oxide ◽  
Structure Degradation

scholarly journals The Degradation of Cellulose by Radio Frequency Plasma

Fibers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Shepherd ◽  
Margaret Frey
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Radio Frequency Plasma ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
Plasma Exposure ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Frequency Plasma ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
O2 Plasma

This paper describes the results of using oxygen (O2) plasma to treat both greige and scoured cotton yarns to cause significant degradation of cellulose. This study is an effort to reduce hazardous caustic chemicals commonly used to make the cellulose molecule more accessible for uses in such applications as biofuels. Through high power density, 0.46 W/cm2, and the study of varying exposure times, we find longer durations of 30 min to 90 min result in significant cellulose structure degradation. Due to waxes and contaminants found on greige yarns, scoured yarn degradation occurs at shorter exposure times than greige yarns, however, both experience tearing and pitting with longer exposures. This study provides evidence that significant degradation of cellulosic yarns can be achieved through high power density O2 plasma exposure.

scholarly journals Metamaterials Fabricated by Fibre Drawing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fleming ◽  
A. Stefani ◽  
J. Hayashi ◽  
B. Kuhlmey
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Drawing
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