scholarly journals Wi-Fi Influence on LTE-U Downlink Data and Control Channel Performance in Shared Frequency Bands

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Milos ◽  
L. Polak ◽  
S. Hanus ◽  
T. Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Control Channel ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Channel Performance ◽  
And Control

New suspension for ionization chambers and the control channel for the RBMK safety and control system

Atomic Energy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-241
Author(s):  
I. N. Aristov ◽  
V. F. Danilov ◽  
N. R. Kuzelev ◽  
E. K. Malyshev ◽  
I. N. Demin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
Ionization Chambers ◽  
And Control

Coherence analysis of EEG changes during odour stimulation in humans

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Harada ◽  
Kimio Shiraishi ◽  
Toshihiko Kato ◽  
Toyoji Soda
Keyword(s):  
Broad Band ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Coherence Analysis ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Eeg Coherence ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Delta Band ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
And Control

AbstractIn a pilot study, EEG changes during odour administration were evaluated by coherence analysis. Ten normal adults were studied. Simultaneous recordings of 16 EEG channels with, and without, odour administration were stored on magnetic tape for further processing. EEG signals were analysed using a signal analyser. Coherence spectra were calculated between all possible channel pairs on the scalp. The amount of data was reduced by extracting broad band coherence values for five frequency bands: delta (2–3.9 Hz), theta (4–7.9 Hz), alpha 1 (8–9.9 Hz), alpha 2 (10–12.9 Hz), and beta 1 (13–17.9 Hz). Coherence values extracted from the control EEG recordings and those during odour administration were compared to evaluate the presence of any significant differences.The results demonstrated significant changes in the EEG coherence between the two control recordings (control before and control after) in the theta and beta 1 bands. These frequency bands were therefore excluded from the examination. During odorant stimulation with methyl-cyclopentenolone, the coherence in the delta band decreased in the frontal region, while that in the alpha 1 and alpha 2 bands increased in the temporal region. During odorant stimulation with scatol, the coherence in the delta band decreased in the frontal region, while that in the alpha 1 and alpha 2 bands increased between the longitudinal electrode locations. It was suggested that EEG coherence mapping may provide the basis for the development of an objective test of olfactory function in humans.

scholarly journals Spectrum-aware shared protection (SASP) algorithm for cognitive radio networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.9) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
S. Esakki Rajavel ◽  
T. Aruna ◽  
S. Allwin Devaraj
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Common Control ◽  
Channel Hopping ◽  
Static Activity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ilp Models

Cognitive radio (CR) has become a key technology for addressing spectrum scarcity. In CR networks, spectrum access should not interfere the incumbent networks. Due to the requirement above, common control channel approaches, which are widely used in traditional multichannel environments, may face serious CR long-time blocking problem and control channel saturation problem. Although channel-hopping-based approaches can avoid these two problems, existing works still have significant drawbacks including long time-to-rendezvous, unbalance channel loading, and low channel utilization. This paper tends to the issue of range mindful survivable methodologies with disappointment likelihood limitations under static activity in adaptable transfer speed optical systems. The joint disappointment likelihood amongst essential and reinforcement ways must be beneath the most extreme fair joint disappointment likelihood for each activity request. It creates whole number direct program (ILP) models for committed way security and shared-way assurance with a specific end goal to limit the aggregate number of recurrence spaces expended, and furthermore propose a range mindful devoted insurance (SADP) calculation and a range mindful shared security (SASP) calculation. This demonstrates the ILP show arrangements devour least number of recurrence spaces, however prompt higher normal joint disappointment likelihood contrasted with the SADP and SASP calculations. In addition, both the SADP and SASP calculations accomplish a superior execution as far as aggregate number of recurrence openings expended when contrasted with a customary devoted way insurance calculation and an ordinary shared-way assurance calculation, separately, however prompt higher normal joint disappointment likelihood.

APPLICATION OF MULTI-LEVEL FAIR QUEUE MECHANISM FOR MITIGATING DENIAL-OF-SERVICE ATTACKS ON SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Михаил Юрьевич Рытов ◽  
Руслан Юрьевич Калашников ◽  
Алексей Алексеевич Горелов
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
Bandwidth Utilization ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Centralized Management ◽  
Channel Bandwidth ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sdn Controller

Концепция программно-конфигурируемых сетей (SDN) стремительно набирает популярность в управлении сетевой инфраструктурой центров обработки данных и операторов связи. К её ключевым функциям относятся мониторинг, детальное управление, гибкость и масштабируемость. Но вместе с тем, централизованное управление SDN делает его уязвимым для различных типов атак, таких как спуфинг и отказ в обслуживании (DoS). DoS-атаки оказывают наиболее серьезное воздействие, поскольку они снижают производительность сети из-за перегрузки ее различных компонентов, то есть контроллера, коммутатора и канала управления. Существующие подходы справляются с DoS-атаками в SDN либо путем отбрасывания вредоносных пакетов, либо путем объединения правил потока, что приводит к потерям легитимного трафика. Для уменьшения последствий DoS-атак в этой статье предлагается использование механизма многоуровневой справедливой очереди, который обеспечивает совместное использование ресурсов контроллера с несколькими уровнями очередей, которые могут динамически расширяться и агрегироваться в зависимости от загруженности сети. Предлагаемый подход оценивается путем сравнения его с базовым контроллером SDN. Результаты моделирования показывают, что предлагаемый подход увеличивает производительность SDN с точки зрения использования пропускной способности канала управления. The concept of Software Defined Networking (SDN) is rapidly gaining popularity in the management of the network infrastructure of data centers and telecom operators. Its key functions include monitoring, granular control, flexibility and scalability. But at the same time, the centralized management of SDN makes it vulnerable to various types of attacks, such as spoofing and denial of service (DoS). DoS attacks have the most serious impact because they degrade network performance by overloading various components such as the controller, switch, and control channel. Existing approaches deal with SDN DoS attacks either by dropping malicious packets or by combining flow rules, which leads to the loss of legitimate traffic. To mitigate the impact of DoS attacks, this article proposes the use of a tiered fair queuing mechanism, which allows the sharing of controller resources with multiple queue tiers that can dynamically expand and aggregate based on network congestion. The proposed approach is evaluated by comparing it to a basic SDN controller. Simulation results show that the proposed approach increases SDN performance in terms of control channel bandwidth utilization.

Up to 20 Mb/s Auxiliary Management and Control Channel Signal Transmission in 50 Gb/s PON System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipeng Guo ◽  
Chuanchuan Yang ◽  
Xin Qin ◽  
Yunfeng Gao ◽  
Ziyuan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Evaluating Complexity of Fetal MEG Signals: A Comparison of Different Metrics and Their Applicability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Moser ◽  
Siouar Bensaid ◽  
Eleni Kroupi ◽  
Franziska Schleger ◽  
Fabrice Wendling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
Complexity Metrics ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work

AbstractIn this work, we aim to investigate whether information based metrics of neural activity are a useful tool for the search for consciousness before and shortly after birth. Neural activity is measured using fetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG) in human fetuses and neonates. Based on recent theories on consciousness, information-based metrics are established to measure brain complexity and to assess different levels of consciousness. Different metrics (measures of entropy, compressibility and fractality) are, thus, explored in a reference population and their usability is evaluated. For comparative analysis, two fMEG channels were selected: one where brain activity was previously detected and one at least 15cm away, that represented a control channel. The usability of each metric was evaluated and results from the brain and control channel were compared. Concerning the ease of use with fMEG data, Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) compression was evaluated as best, as it is unequivocal and needs low computational effort. The fractality measures have a high parameter space and therefore forfeit comparability, while entropy measures require a higher computational effort and more parameters to adjust compared to LZW. Comparison of a channel with brain activity and a control channel in neonatal recordings showed significant differences in most complexity metrics. This clear difference can be seen as proof of concept for the usability of complexity metrics in fMEG. For fetal data, this comparison produced less clear results which can be related to leftover maternal signals included in the control channel. Further work is necessary to conclusively interpret results from the analysis of fetal recordings. Yet this study shows that complexity metrics can be used for fMEG data on early consciousness and the evaluation gives a guidance for future work. The inconsistency of results from different metrics highlights the challenges of working with complexity metrics as neural correlates of consciousness, as well as the caution one should apply to interpret them.

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