scholarly journals Aspectos etnoecológicos e implicações para a conservação de Tursiops truncatus (Cetartiodactyla: Delphinidae) no Arquipélago das Cagarras, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Lodi ◽  
Camilah Antunes Zappes ◽  
Álvaro Samuel Guimarães dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common

The objectives of this study were to understand the ecological aspects of the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in the Cagarras Archipelago, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and possible anthropogenic impacts by comparing the knowledge of local small-scale fishermen (GA) and the regulars in the archipelago (GB). The data obtained were compared with those available in the literature to propose strategies for monitoring and preservation. Between August and December 2010, we applied the methods of participant observation, interviews-questionnaires and use of illustrative posters. Sixty-one interviews were conducted, from which 83.6% were selected by considering correct answers about the identification of the species on posters (morphological characteristics) and description of time of occurrence in the archipelago (July to December) as reported for the species in the literature. Regarding the seven questions analyzed statistically, a significant difference was found between the accounts of the two groups with respect to anthropic threats to T. truncatus. Gill-nets and the decrease of fishing resources were the main causes identified by the GA group whereas the GB group pointed to the disorganized use of space, pollution and predatory fishing as the factors that have threatened the common bottlenose dolphins. The use of ethnobiological data in conservation programs brings opportunities for the collaboration and participation of the community that is directly inserted into the ecosystem as well as a chance for locals to get involved in issues concerning the sustainability of the archipelago.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies for the Detection of Immunoglobulin G of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik H. Nollens ◽  
Linda G. Green ◽  
Diane Duke ◽  
Michael T. Walsh ◽  
Beth Chittick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
The Common

Antibodies directed against species-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) have a broad range of applications in serologic and immunologic research and in the development of clinical assays. Validated anti-IgG antibodies for marine mammal species are in short supply. The objective of this study was to produce and validate antibodies with specificity for IgG of the common bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus). Bottlenose dolphin IgG was purified using protein G. Two mouse monoclonal antibodies and a rabbit polyclonal antibody were developed from mice and rabbits immunized with bottlenose dolphin IgG. The specificity of the monoclonal antibodies and the polyclonal antibody for bottlenose dolphin IgG was first verified by Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For further validation, both monoclonal antibodies and the polyclonal antibody were incorporated in an indirect ELISA for the detection of the immune response of bottlenose dolphins to a vaccine antigen. Three bottlenose dolphins were immunized with a commercial Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine, and serial blood samples were collected from all dolphins for measurement of levels of circulating antibodies. Seroconversion was observed in all 3 dolphins by use of both monoclonal antibodies and the polyclonal antibody. Circulating antibodies were detectable as early as 6 days after immunization in 1 dolphin. Peak antibody levels were detected 14 days after the immunization. The ability to detect seroconversion in all 3 immunized bottlenose dolphins firmly establishes the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies and the polyclonal antibody for IgG of the common bottlenose dolphin.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence and fine scale population structure of the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus, Montagu) found in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa de los Ángeles Bayas-Rea ◽  
Fernando Félix ◽  
Rommel Montufar
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Dolphin Population ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gulf Of Guayaquil ◽  
Outer Estuary

The common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, is widely distributed along the western coast of South America. In Ecuador, a resident population of bottlenose dolphins inhabits the inner estuarine area of the Gulf of Guayaquil located in the southwestern part of the country and is under threat from different human activities in the area. Only one genetic study on South American common bottlenose dolphins has been carried out to date, and understanding genetic variation of wildlife populations, especially species that are identified as threatened, is crucial for defining conservation units and developing appropriate conservation strategies. In order to evaluate the evolutionary link of this population, we assessed the phylogenetic relationships, phylogeographic patterns, and population structure using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The sampling comprised: (i) 31 skin samples collected from free-ranging dolphins at three locations in the Gulf of Guayaquil inner estuary, (ii) 38 samples from stranded dolphins available at the collection of the “Museo de Ballenas de Salinas,” (iii) 549 mtDNA control region (mtDNA CR) sequences from GenBank, and (iv) 66 concatenated sequences from 7-mtDNA regions (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I–II, cytochrome oxidase I and II, cytochrome b, and CR) obtained from mitogenomes available in GenBank. Our analyses indicated population structure between both inner and outer estuary dolphin populations as well as with distinct populations of T. truncatus using mtDNA CR. Moreover, the inner estuary bottlenose dolphin (estuarine bottlenose dolphin) population exhibited lower levels of genetic diversity than the outer estuary dolphin population according to the mtDNA CR. Finally, the estuarine bottlenose dolphin population was genetically distinct from other T. truncatus populations based on mtDNA CR and 7-mtDNA regions. From these results, we suggest that the estuarine bottlenose dolphin population should be considered a distinct lineage. This dolphin population faces a variety of anthropogenic threats in this area; thus, we highlight its fragility and urge authorities to issue prompt management and conservation measures.

Taxonomy and distribution of bottlenose dolphins (genus Tursiops) in Australian waters: an osteological clarification

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jedensjö ◽  
C.M. Kemper ◽  
M. Milella ◽  
E.P. Willems ◽  
M. Krützen
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Tursiops Aduncus ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Intermediate Size ◽  
The Common ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Species relationships in the bottlenose dolphin (genus Tursiops Gervais, 1855) are controversial. We carried out a comprehensive osteological study of 264 skulls, including type specimens, and 90 postcranial skeletons of Tursiops spp. to address taxonomic uncertainties in Australia using two-dimensional (2D) measurements, and three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (3DGM), tooth and vertebral counts, and categorical data. Analyses provided support for the presence of two forms, aligned to the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus (Ehrenberg, 1832)) and the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)), including type specimens. The Burrunan dolphin (Tursiops australis Charlton-Robb, Gershwin, Thompson, Austin, Owen and McKechnie, 2011) fell well within T. truncatus for both 2D and 3DGM methods. Thirteen Tursiops spp. specimens, no T. australis specimens, were of intermediate size (2D) and could not be assigned to either species. For 3DGM data, there was a strong allometric influence and few non-allometric differences between species. Length and width of the cranium and rostrum were important discriminating variables. Tursiops aduncus was smaller, had more teeth, fewer vertebrae, and more erosion on the pterygoids and frontals than T. truncatus. Overall cranium shape was round in T. aduncus and angular in T. truncatus. Skull length of T. aduncus was smaller in low than in high latitudes. This study highlights the importance of large sample size, multiple analytical methods, and extensive geographical coverage when undertaking taxonomic studies.

Osteological variation and taxonomic affinities of bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops spp., from South Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Skull Measurements

Skulls and skeletons of 84 cranially mature bottlenose dolphins collected from South Australia were studied to distinguish morphological groups. The dataset comprised 38 skull measurements, 5 tooth counts/measurements, 6 coded skull features and 2 vertebral counts. There was no significant difference between sexes. Agglomerative, heirarchical cluster analyses performed on all variables and a dataset refined by eliminating those with high partial correlations produced two clear groups of skulls but with some differences in group membership between the statistical treatments. Size was an important factor in distinguishing groups, especially when categorical variables were excluded. Groups produced by cluster analysis of all variables were aligned with Tursiops truncatus and T. aduncus. In general, Tursiops truncatus was distinguished by a wide band (3-9 mm) of cancellous bone on the premaxillae, a distinct supraoccipital crest, raised naso-frontal complex, the almost complete lack of bone resorption on the pterygoid bones, a relatively wider rostrum, generally larger skull size (condylobasal length >465 mm versus <476 mm, except two skulls of 445 and 448 mm), and more than 60 vertebrae. This species was collected from open ocean coasts and sometimes stranded in groups. Tursiops aduncus generally had a narrow or no band of cancellous bone (0-5 mm), an indistinct or no supraoccipital crest, a naso-frontal complex that was not markedly raised, moderate to extensive bone resorption on the pterygoids, relatively narrow rostrum, fewer than 63 vertebrae and was collected mainly from the large gulfs. There was no significant difference between tooth diameter of T. aduncus and T. truncatus from South Australia.

scholarly journals Nautical tourism affects common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus M.) foraging success in a NATURA 2000 site, North-Eastern Adriatic Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARJA RIBARIC ◽  
JACK CLARKSON
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
Dolphin Watching

Several studies indicate that unregulated nautical tourism can have negative implications on cetacean behaviour. In recent years, dolphin watching activities (DWA) have increased off the West coast of Istria, Croatia, a region in which the NATURA 2000 site: ‘Akvatorij zapadne Istre’ has been proposed to be designated for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus M.). For data collected between 2016 and 2019, we compared dolphin group behaviours from this region during impact (presence of nautical tourism boats (NTBs)) and control (absence of NTBs) scenarios, as well as providing descriptive analysis on the displacement of individuals in the presence of NTBs. Throughout the study years, 48.5 % of NTBs were observed within 15m of the dolphin focal groups and 97 % were observed within 50 m distance. The greatest rates of displacement in dolphin focal groups occurred when NTB numbers were greatest per individual dolphin. Markov chain analysis were used to quantify the short-term effects of NTB presence on dolphin behaviour. In the presence of NTBs, dolphins were more likely to spend time milling and less time foraging. Cumulative behavioural budgets, derived by accounting for the time bottlenose dolphins spent in the presence or absence of NTBs, indicated that vessel exposure levels of 14 % and 25 % were enough to statistically affect milling and foraging behaviours respectively. To lessen the lack of sustainable DWA, the implementation of relevant guidelines, e.g. Global Best Practice Guidance for Responsible Whale and Dolphin Watching (50 m no approach and 300 m caution zone) is therefore crucial to mitigate any long-term consequences the actions of NTBs may have on this key species. To date, 162 bottlenose dolphins have been photo-identified off West coast of Istria and cumulative interference to this population could affect direct ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Study on the Ejaculate Characteristics and Liquid Storage of Semen in the Common Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Asami TAKENAKA ◽  
Nobuyuki KASHIWAGI ◽  
Yuko MAEZONO ◽  
Tatsuko NAKAO ◽  
Yuka WANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
The Common

Behaviorally measured tactile sensitivity in the common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 802-812
Author(s):  
Madelyn G. Strahan ◽  
Dorian S. Houser ◽  
James J. Finneran ◽  
Jason Mulsow ◽  
Daniel E. Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
The Common

Small-Scale Movement Patterns, Activity Budgets, and Association Patterns of Radio-Tagged Indian River Lagoon Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Noke Durden ◽  
Greg O’Corry-Crowe ◽  
Steve Shippee ◽  
Teresa Jablonski ◽  
Sarah Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Indian River Lagoon ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Association Patterns ◽  
Activity Budgets ◽  
Indian River
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