scholarly journals Übergänge zur Schriftlichkeit. Zu wechselnden Profilen dialektaler Literalität am Beispiel des Niederdeutschen

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Langhanke
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Language Use ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Low German ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The 19Th Century

Different types of Low German literacy create varieties in addition to spoken Low German. Their function differs according to the change of language use. By setting the focus on dialectal literature it becomes clear, which concepts of Low German literature became influential since the 19th century. In the recent situation, new perspectives for Low German and its literature can be found in the field of planned language acquisition for example at school. Therefore written forms of Low German become much more important than usually thought of by looking at the ideas of language policy and the development at schools in Northern Germany.

The Drawings and the Modine of Francesco Pieroni for the Ministero delle Finanze in Rome

2019 ◽  
pp. 242-272
Author(s):  
Liliana Ninarello
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Real Scale

The main focus of this chapter is the highly valued work done by the architect Francesco Pieroni at the Ministero delle Finanze in Rome. This contribution can to attribute to Pieroni various drawings and numerous modine, i.e. real scale cardboard templates of various shapes used in the realization phases of the mouldings. Pieroni's activity represents, in the Roman context, one of the first applications of typical 16th century mouldings, to modern and prefabricated metal bar structures, spreading in the 70's of the 19th century. The construction companies were resilient to agree for changes in building techniques due to a lack of expertise. The realization of the Ministero is a case study of this phenomenon. The archival research developed casts new light on the numerous modifications carried out by Peroni during construction phases, which demonstrate the accuracy employed by the architect in designing the stuccos. The chapter analyses two different types of archive documents: the report Spoglio modificazioni lavori di stucco, and the examples of modine authored by Pieroni.

scholarly journals Intraindividuelle Variation auf lexikalisch-semantischer Ebene bei unroutinierten Schreibern des 19. Jahrhunderts

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
Markus Schiegg ◽  
Sabrina Freund
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Historical Sociolinguistics ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Language History ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The 19Th Century

Lexis and semantics are under-researched fields both in contemporary and historical sociolinguistics. This paper focuses on intra-speaker variation in texts written by unroutined writers of the 19th century and examines different types of variation in the areas of lexis and semantics. Our data are taken from a new corpus of historical patients’ documents (see http://copadocs.de), which is currently being compiled as part of our research project “Flexible Writers in Language History”. In order to analyse lexical-semantic variation, we combine a number of different methods. An onomasiological approach is used to explore one writer’s linguistic repertoire and use of terms for women, while a structural approach allows us to compare functionally equivalent structures, such as routine formulae and expressions of a writer’s origo (e.g. I, here, now). Finally, we examine the use of emotional lexis in texts by writers diagnosed with melancholia, which is found to be more frequent as compared to a control group. Our findings provide evidence for considerable intra-speaker variation in lower-class writing. In addition, the emphasis on lexis is shown to have particular value for the investigation of patients’ texts, as this approach provides insights into the stylistic repertoires of historical writers which would otherwise remain hidden.

scholarly journals Desenhos cadastrais do património imobiliário urbano do Cabido da Sé de Braga (ca. 1821). Uma análise preliminar = Cadastral drawings of the urban property of the Braga Cathedral Chapter (ca. 1821). A preliminary analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Carla Sofía Fernandes Xavier ◽  
António Manuel Portela de Sá Pereira
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

<p>El dominio urbano del Cabildo de la Catedral de Braga ha generado un archivo diversificado de fuentes históricas, fundamental para el estudio del urbanismo de la ciudad. De los inicios del siglo XIX, hay un inusual conjunto de documentos relativos a las viviendas propiedad del Cabildo. Este artículo evalúa estas representaciones iconográficas de significación cartográfica mediante un enfoque metodológico multidisciplinar basado en diferentes tipos de fuentes, con el fin de analizar estos dibujos y proporcionar hipótesis interpretativas sobre su función</p><p>The urban domain of Braga’s cathedral governing Chapter has generated a diverse archive of historical sources, vital for the investigation of the city’s urbanism. Dating from the beginning of the 19th century, there is an unusual set of documents related to tenures of houses detained by the Chapter. This article relies preliminary on these iconographical representations of cartographic meaning through a multidisciplinary methodological approach sustained by different types of sources, as to analyze these<br />drawings and to provide interpretative hypothesis about its function.</p>

scholarly journals The Rock-Carved Tumulus of Nikon in Tisna

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Özden Ürkmez
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Tisna, one of the lesser-known ancient cities of the Aeolis region, has been studied in detail since 2018. The first studies carried out in the region since the end of the 19th century localized the region in the Kocakale Tepe - Sarıkale Tepe - Mantar Tepe triangle as Tisna. It is understood that the center of the city is Sarıkale Tepe. The name Tisna first appears on the coins of the 4th century BC in the region. From the Roman era, the city is called Titanus. One of the most important features of the city is that it is surrounded by necropoleis. There are different types of tombs in the necropoleis, especially located on the southern and western slopes. One of these tomb types is the Tumuli. However, as a result of our investigation, it was understood that these tumuli had a different structure from the classic tumuli. We named this type of tomb, in which a rock tomb is covered with a masonry hill, the Rock-Carved Tumulus. The subject of this article is Nikon's rock-carved tumulus, which is understood to be one of such tombs in the region. Our evaluations on the tomb, which has a unique feature in terms of construction technique, indicate that it must belong to the Late Classical period, perhaps to the early 4th century.

The “Slovakization” of 19th-Century Migrants from Upper Hungary to the United States: A Case Study in the Politics of Language Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-852
Author(s):  
Stephen O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World

AbstractUse of the Slovak literary language was central to the Slovak nationalist political movement in the Kingdom of Hungary before 1918. Yet beyond a Slovak nationalist intelligentsia of just 1,000 or so individuals, this idea had little purchase among the claimed nation of two million Slovak-speakers living in “Upper Hungary”—who Slovak nationalists typically understood as lacking sufficient “national consciousness” to support their political aims. As mass, transatlantic migration led to nearly half a million Slovak-speakers leaving Upper Hungary for the United States between 1870 and 1914, these linked issues of language use and “national consciousness” were carried over to the migrant colony. Rather than being a widely held sentiment among migrants from Upper Hungary, this article shows how Slovak national consciousness was generated within the Slovak American community in the final decades of the 19th century. This case study shows how a small group of nationalist leaders consciously promoted literary Slovak as the “print language” of the migrant colony to instill the idea of a common, Slovak nationhood among migrants living on the other side of the Atlantic—a project that helped in turn to create a Slovak national homeland in central Europe after the First World War.

THE LANGUAGE POLICY IN TURKIC STATES AND COMMUNITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Elchin Ibrahimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
First Order ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of the language policy of the Turks begins with the work Divanu lugat at-turk, written by Mahmud Kashgari in the 11th century. Despite the fact that the XI-XVII centuries were a mixed period for the language policy of the Turkic states and communities, it contained many guiding and important questions for subsequent stages. Issues of language policy, originating from the work of Kashgari, continued with the publication in 1277 of the first order in the Turkic language by Mehmet-bey Karamanoglu, who is one of the most prominent figures in Anatolian Turkic history, and culminated in the creation of the impeccable work Divan in the Turkic language by the great Azerbaijani poet Imadaddin Nasimi who lived in the late XIV - early XV centuries. Later, the great Uzbek poet of the 15th century, Alisher Navoi, improved the Turkic language both culturally and literally, putting it on a par with the two most influential languages of that time, Arabic and Persian. The appeal to the Turkic language and the revival of the Turkic language in literature before Alisher Navoi, the emergence of the Turkic language, both in Azerbaijan and in Anatolia and Central Asia, as well as in the works of I. Nasimi, G. Burkhanaddin, Y. Emre, Mevlana, made this the language of the common literary language of the Turkic tribes: Uzbeks, Kazakhs-Kyrgyz, Turkmens of Central Asia, Idil-Ural Turks, Uighurs, Karakhanids, Khorezmians and Kashgharts. This situation continued until the 19th century. This article highlights the history of the language policy of the Turkic states and communities.

Internet-based activities for the ESL classroom

ReCALL ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Gitsaki ◽  
Richard P Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Instructional System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Authentic Language

The Internet offers a wealth of information and unlimited resources that teachers can use in order to expose students to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. Students need to be involved in tasks that integrate the use of computers and enhance language acquisition. This paper outlines an instructional system designed to guide English as a Second Language (ESL) students through their exploration of the Internet and carry out projects that will ultimately help them improve their reading and writing skills and enrich their vocabulary. Through this instructional system the benefits of using the Internet for ESL purposes with different types of students in different educational environments can be maximised.

Kapital und Krone

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-369
Author(s):  
Jan Eike Dunkhase
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Small Town ◽  
German Literature ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThe article focuses on the founding of the Swabian Schiller Association (renamed German Schiller Society in 1947) within the context of other literary institutions at the end of the 19th century. It argues that the success of the owner of what is today called ‚German Literature Archive Marbach‘ can be traced back to a unique collaboration of capital, kingship, and small-town politics in the late Kingdom of Württemberg.

scholarly journals Migracje z ziem polskich w XIX wieku we współczesnych podręcznikach do historii dla szkoły podstawowej

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1 (179)) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Joanna Wojdon ◽  
Małgorzata Skotnicka-Palka
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
School Students ◽  
School History ◽  
Forced Migrations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
National University ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The 19Th Century

19th century migrations from the Polish lands in contemporary primary school history textbooks The article presents the problem of political, economic and forced migrations of people from Polish lands in the 19th century, discussed in recently published history textbooks for elementary school students. Textbooks based on the old and the new core curriculum were compared. The analysis of textbooks was based on the model developed by Raymond Nkwenti Fru of the National University of Lesotho. This model allows us to see explicit and implicit content and take into account different types of textbook narratives. Artykuł prezentuje problem migracji politycznych, ekonomicznych oraz przymusowych przesiedleń ludności z ziem polskich w XIX wieku przedstawiony we współczesnych podręcznikach do historii dla uczniów szkoły podstawowej. Porównano podręczniki napisane w oparciu o „starą” i „nową” podstawę programową. Podręczniki przeanalizowano w oparciu o model wypracowany przez Raymonda Nkwenti Fru z Narodowego Uniwersytetu Lesotho (National University of Lesotho). Model ten pozwala dostrzec treści jawne i ukryte, uwzględnić różne typy narracji podręcznikowych.

Der Wiedergänger. Jens Baggesens Nachleben in der deutschen Literatur

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-298
Author(s):  
Niels Penke
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary History ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Gradual Shift ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract This article traces the marks Jens Baggesen has left in German literature and its history. It depicts Baggesen’s relations and strong bounds to his contempories around 1800, the feud with the Romantic poet Achim von Arnim and the gradual shift into oblivion in the progress of the 19th century, and at last the enigmatic glimpse that is given in R.M. Rilkes Die Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge. Moreover it asks for reasons why Baggesen fell through the cracks of literary history, which can be explained through the rising nationalism and the according formation of strict national philologies, to which the bilingual Baggesen emerged as a figure of neither-nor.

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