scholarly journals Head identification in binominal constructions

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Roberto Gomes Camacho ◽  
Monielly Cristina Saverio Serafim
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Selection Restrictions

Determining the head of complex noun phrases is in general not an easy task in Portuguese. In the case of uma garrafa de vinho ‘a bottle of wine’, in combination with quebrou-se ‘broke’ or derramou ‘spilled’, it is the selection restrictions of the verb that determine which noun functions as head. This paper deals with a specific type of Brazilian Portuguese NP, aquele idiota do médico ‘that idiot of a doctor’, called “binominal” by Aarts (1998). The two types of nominal elements, linked by the preposition de, are the first constituent, idiota ‘idiot’, which has an evaluative status, and the second constituent, médico ‘doctor’, which has a referential status. The hypothesis defended here is that the evaluative nature of the first constituent and the referential nature of the second consist in a conclusive criterion for the determination of headedness.

scholarly journals Genericity and the denotation of common nouns in Brazilian Portuguese

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Müller
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Generic Sentences

This paper investigates what the semantics of generic sentences in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) says about the denotation of Noun Phrases in that language. More specifically, it addresses the syntactic and semantic differences among the indefinite nominals that get a generic interpretation in BP. The paper may also be taken to test well-known hypotheses about the functioning of genericity in natural languages.

scholarly journals Brazilian Portuguese noun phrases: An optimality theoretic perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Henriëtte de Swart
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese

scholarly journals Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of SATIS-Stroke for Use in Brazil: A Satisfaction Measure of Activities and Participation in Stroke Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gabriela Santos Pereira ◽  
Soraia Micaela Silva ◽  
Cíntia Elord Júlio ◽  
Jean-Louis Thonnard ◽  
Edouard Bouffioulx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Final Version

Introduction. SATIS-Stroke was developed to measure satisfaction regarding activities and participation among stroke survivors based on the concepts contained in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. However, this measure is only available in English and French. Objective. Perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of SATIS-Stroke to Brazilian Portuguese and test the preliminary reliability of this measure. Methods. The translation process followed standardized guidelines and consisted of six phases: initial translation, back-translation, analysis of expert committee, test of final version, submission, and assessment of all written reports. To test the preliminary test-retest reliability, the measure was administered by a single observer on two occasions with an interval of 7 to 14 days for the determination of intraobserver agreement and administered again by a second observer for the determination of interobserver agreement. Reliability was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. All stages of the cross-cultural adaptation process were respected and the final translated version of SATIS-Stroke exhibited semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence to the original version. The preliminary analysis revealed excellent intraobserver and interobserver reliability (ICC = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.83-0.97, p = 0.001 and ICC = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.74-0.96; p = 0.001, respectively). The items demonstrated adequate internal consistency, although ceiling and floor effects were considered beyond acceptable standards for some items. In the exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted that aggregated more than one construct to each component, but all were related to the “Activities and Participation” component of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Conclusion. The final version of the SATIS-Stroke scale in Brazilian Portuguese proved to be adequate and reliable for use on the Brazilian population. Further studies are underway to give continuity to the validation process and analyze the others measurement properties of the scale in the Brazilian population.

Solution of Pavement Deterioration Equations by Genetic Algorithms

2000 ◽  
Vol 1699 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Raja Shekharan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pavement Deterioration ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Pavement deterioration models are indispensable for many purposes; as a result, a number of models are in use. Models with simple equation forms are easier to use, but frequently such models may not suffice for many purposes. Consequently, complex nonlinear forms of models are to be considered. However, determination of the solution to a complex model form is not an easy task. There are various methods of obtaining solutions to such models, with each method having its own advantages and disadvantages. The use of genetic algorithms for model development is examined in this study. A very brief description of genetic algorithms is included, and their application for the development of a model is illustrated. Five models of varied complexities, extracted from the literature, are employed to create databases in which the relationship between the response and the predictor variables is known. The solutions to the models are developed employing genetic algorithms. The results indicate a high degree of accuracy, which suggests that genetic algorithms are useful as a tool for development of solutions to pavement deterioration models.

scholarly journals Perception Verbs in Brazilian Portuguese: A Functional Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-310
Author(s):  
Kees Hengeveld ◽  
Edson Rosa Francisco de Souza ◽  
Maria Luiza Braga ◽  
Valéria Vendrame
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
High Extent ◽  
Perception Verbs ◽  
Discourse Grammar

AbstractThis paper examines the semantic and morphosyntactic complementation patterns of perception verbs in Brazilian Portuguese. Using the framework of Functional Discourse Grammar, five semantic complement types are identified. It is subsequently shown that these five types are in an implicational relationship, such that the set of semantic complement types that a certain perception verb in Brazilian Portuguese may take occupies a contiguous segment on a hierarchy of semantic complement types. The morphosyntactic complements of perception verbs in Brazilian Portuguese include noun phrases, finite, and non-finite clauses, the latter comprising progressive1 and infinitival forms. The second part of the study shows that the choice for one of these types can to a high extent be predicted from the semantics of the complements, using the same hierarchy of semantic complement types.

scholarly journals THE PHONOLOGICAL ILLUSION: THE QUALITY AND NUMBER OF EPENTHETIC VOWELS

Verbum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Gerda Ana Mel
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Context Sensitivity ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
Phonological System

Adult speakers tend to have difficulties in perceiving non-native sequences of sounds as their percep­tion is influenced by the features of their L1 phonological system. For example, previous studies have shown that Japanese speakers perceptually insert an illusory vowel /u/ in consonant clusters, which are phonotoctically illegal structures in Japanese. While the phenomenon of phonological illusion also occurs in other languages, such as Brazilian Portuguese or Korean, the epenthetic vowels have been shown to be language-specific. Despite these findings, many questions concerning the number of illusory vowels possible in a language and their quality remain open. In this study we will present recent work on the topic and provide a critical comparison of those findings, concentrating on the role of context-sensitivity in the determination of the features of the illusory vowel. 

Change without change

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Naro ◽  
Edair Görski ◽  
Eulália Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Surface Distribution ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
The People ◽  
Popular Speech ◽  
Determining Factor

Brazilian Portuguese possesses two forms used as 1st person plural pronouns: nós and a gente, both meaning ‘we’. The form nós has always been pronominal, whereas a gente is derived diachronically from the noun phrase a gente ‘the people’. In accord with this historical evolution, the standard language prefers the use of the 1st plural verb desinence -mos with nós, as in nós falamos ‘we speak’ or ‘we spoke’. The 3rd person desinence 0 is reserved for a gente, giving a gente fala ‘we speak’ as the preferred form. In popular speech both nós fala and a gente falamos are used frequently. We examine the use of these variable forms across four generations in Rio de Janeiro. In the older generations, phonic salience is the principal controlling factor for both nós and a gente. Since preterit desinences are stressed more frequently than present desinences, this induces a biased surface distribution, with -mos occurring more frequently with past tense reference. Nonetheless, for older speakers tense does not play a statistically significant role. In younger speakers, tense becomes statistically significant as a determining factor in the use of the desinences, with preterit favoring -mos for both subject forms. So far, there has been no change in the grammar itself, but the locus of determination of the use of -mos seems to have shifted from saliency to tense across the generations. One can speculate that some time in the future -mos may become a preterit marker.

Application of finite-state transducers to the acquisition of verb subcategorization information

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. ALDEZABAL ◽  
M. ARANZABE ◽  
K. GOJENOLA ◽  
M. ORONOZ ◽  
K. SARASOLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Prepositional Phrases ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Finite State Transducers ◽  
Verb Subcategorization ◽  
Finite State

This paper presents the design and implementation of a finite-state syntactic grammar of Basque that has been used with the objective of extracting information about verb subcategorization instances from newspaper texts. After a partial parser has built basic syntactic units such as noun phrases, prepositional phrases, and sentential complements, a finite-state parser performs syntactic disambiguation, determination of clause boundaries and filtering of the results, in order to obtain a verb occurrence together with its associated syntactic components, either complements or adjuncts. The set of occurrences for each verb is then filtered by statistical measures that distinguish arguments from adjuncts.

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