Dental prevention in children with cleft deformities

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Aneesh Kalra ◽  
Nabina Bhujel ◽  
Mina Vaidyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Preventive Dental

Children born with a cleft lip and/or palate are at increased risk of experiencing dental problems compared with the population without clefts. 1 This article explores the amount of preventive dental advice parents receive for their children with cleft lip and/or palate by healthcare professionals and whether there is a need to focus more on preventive measures.

Challenges in prevention & control of COVID - 19 pandemic in dentistry: A review. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera Begum ◽  
Riaz Abdulla ◽  
Akhter Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
High Chance

UNSTRUCTURED The menace of COVID 19 pandemic has become a major public health concern all over the world. It is a pandemic outbreak that originated from Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019. All healthcare professionals including dental surgeons are in the front line and a high chance of constantly getting infected. Droplet and aerosol transmissions are the utmost concern in dental clinics and dental college hospitals. Hence, COVID 19 has a high risk of spread through droplets and aerosols generated during dental procedures from infected patients. This review article highlights the dental perspective and discusses the various preventive measures undertaken to control the spread of infection in dental clinics and dental college hospital setups.

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin B12 Status and Risk of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Birth Defects in Tamil Nadu State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Munger ◽  
Rajarajeswari Kuppuswamy ◽  
Jyotsna Murthy ◽  
Kalpana Balakrishnan ◽  
Gurusamy Thangavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tamil Nadu State

Background and Objective: The causal role of maternal nutrition in orofacial clefts is uncertain. We tested hypotheses that low maternal vitamin B12 and low folate status are each associated with an increased risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) in a case–control study in Tamil Nadu state, India. Methods: Case-mothers of CL±P children (n = 47) and control-mothers of unaffected children (n = 50) were recruited an average of 1.4 years after birth of the index child and plasma vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), total homocysteine (tHcy), and folate were measured at that time. Logistic regression analyses estimated associations between nutrient biomarkers and case–control status. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) contrasting biomarker levels showed associations between case-mothers and low versus high plasma vitamin B12 (OR = 2.48, 95% CI, 1.02-6.01) and high versus low plasma MMA, an indicator of poor B12 status (OR = 3.65 95% CI, 1.21-11.05). Case–control status was not consistently associated with folate or tHcy levels. Low vitamin B12 status, when defined by a combination of both plasma vitamin B12 and MMA levels, had an even stronger association with case-mothers (OR = 6.54, 95% CI, 1.33-32.09). Conclusions: Mothers of CL±P children in southern India were 6.5 times more likely to have poor vitamin B12 status, defined by multiple biomarkers, compared to control-mothers. Further studies in populations with diverse nutritional backgrounds are required to determine whether poor maternal vitamin B12 or folate levels or their interactions are causally related to CL±P.

scholarly journals 62 A Retrospective Observational Study Into the Correct Administration of Rivaroxaban: Is it Being Taken with Food?

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i12-i42
Author(s):  
E Spurring ◽  
G Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Drug Safety ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Hospitalised Patient

Abstract Intro In July 2019 the MHRA issued a drug safety update reminding healthcare professionals that rivaroxaban should be taken with food. This came after they received a number of thromboembolic events reported in patients prescribed rivaroxaban, thought to be linked with incorrect ingestion on an empty stomach [1]. Our aim was to establish if the healthcare professionals in our department had this knowledge and to audit our current dispensing practice to assess if our hospitalised patient cohort were being exposed to any increased risk. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using electronic data from 21 patients that were prescribed rivaroxaban across 14 medical wards. A questionnaire was used to establish the staff’s knowledge. Results Of the surveyed healthcare professionals, 79% knew that rivaroxaban should be taken with food (86% of nurses and 79% of doctors). Despite this only 17% of patients took the tablet with food. 75% of patients had rivaroxaban incorrectly dispensed over an hour post meal and 8% were uncertain due to poor documentation. Only 14% of healthcare professionals were aware that in those with swallowing difficulties, rivaroxaban can be crushed. Conclusions In our department most of the healthcare professionals had a good academic knowledge of correct rivaroxaban administration, however we have demonstrated that this is failing to correctly influence clinical practice. 75% of patients taking Rivaroxaban in hospital are being subjected to increased risk due to the hospital environment. This was found to relate to the difference in timing of the drug dispensing round in comparison to meal times. As part of the roll out of electronic prescribing in our trust, a warning now shows when both prescribing and dispensing Rivaroxaban to attempt to improve this highlighted risk. We have also highlighted this to the ward managers and at our governance meeting. Reference 1. Drug Safety Update volume 12, issue 12: July 2019: 3.

Repair of Protruding Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate With Staged Premaxilla Setback Osteotomy, Cheiloplasty, and Palatoplasty in Trisomy 17p Patient: A Review of Syndromic Clinical Characteristic

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110698
Author(s):  
Kristaninta Bangun ◽  
Jessica Halim ◽  
Vika Tania
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Surgical Strategies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cost

Chromosome 17 duplication is correlated with an increased risk of developmental delay, birth defects, and intellectual disability. Here, we reported a female patient with trisomy 17 on the whole short arm with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP). This study will review the surgical strategies to reconstruct the protruding premaxillary segment, cleft lip, and palate in trisomy 17p patient. The patient had heterozygous pathogenic duplication of chromosomal region chr17:526-18777088 on almost the entire short arm of chromosome 17. Beside the commonly found features of trisomy 17p, the patient also presented with BCLP with a prominent premaxillary portion. Premaxillary setback surgery was first performed concomitantly with cheiloplasty. The ostectomy was performed posterior to the vomero-premaxillary suture (VPS). The premaxilla was firmly adhered to the lateral segment and the viability of philtral flap was not compromised. Two-flap palatoplasty with modified intravelar veloplasty (IVV) was performed 4 months after. Successful positioning of the premaxilla segment, satisfactory lip aesthetics, and vital palatal flap was obtained from premaxillary setback, primary cheiloplasty, and subsequent palatoplasty in our trisomy 17p patient presenting with BLCP. Postoperative premaxillary stability and patency of the philtral and palatal flap were achieved. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of our surgical techniques on inhibition of midfacial growth. However, the benefits that the patient received from the surgery in improving feeding capacity and facial appearance early in life outweigh the cost of possible maxillary retrusion.

An Analytical Study Carried Out to Identify Symptoms of Occupational Lung Diseases and Preventive Measures among Workers Involved in Marble Industries in Rajsamand District of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Kalika Gupta ◽  
Mitin Parmar ◽  
Pranav Bhavsar ◽  
Milan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

BACKGROUND Occupational lung diseases are diseases affecting the respiratory system, including occupational asthma, black lung disease and many more. Workers exposed to marble dust stand an increased risk of suffering from asthma symptoms, chronic bronchitis, nasal inflammation and impairment of lung functions. The recognition of occupational causes can be made difficult by years of latency between exposure in the workplace and the occurrence of disease. Through this study, authors have established the importance of early identification of symptoms of occupational lung diseases and the importance of preventive measures that can be applied to reduce incidence of such diseases. METHODS This was a cross sectional community-based study conducted on 340 marble mining or cutting workers of Rajnagar [Morwar], Rajsamand district of Rajasthan, for a duration of three months. Workers were clinically examined and asked about environmental conditions and use of preventive measures through a questionnaire designed by the investigators and with the help of pamphlets and videos, educational interventions were provided. RESULTS Almost 90 % of the workers didn’t use protective measure like mask or shield. Among the 10 % workers who were using safety measures, 60 % were using face mask and 20 % were using apron at the work place. After the educational intervention given by investigators, around 63 % had started using various safety measures. CONCLUSIONS Early interventions after development of symptoms are important as they can decrease chances of further worsening of the condition. Health education, periodic health check-ups and use of protective measures are the essence in preventing occupational lung diseases. KEYWORDS Occupational Lung Disease, Cough, Marble Workers, Silicosis

Risk factors for heat-related illnesses during the Hajj mass gathering: an expert review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Yezli
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Human exposure to a hot environment may result in various heat-related illnesses (HRIs), which range in severity from mild and moderate forms to life-threatening heatstroke. The Hajj is one of the largest annual mass gatherings globally and has historically been associated with HRIs. Hajj attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims from more than 180 countries to the holy city of Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several modifiable and non-modifiable factors render Hajj pilgrims at increased risk of developing HRIs during Hajj. These include characteristics of the Hajj, its location, population, and rituals, as well as pilgrims’ knowledge of HRIs and their attitude and behavior. Makkah is characterized by a hot desert climate and fluctuating levels of relative humidity. Pilgrims are very diverse ethnically and geographically, with different adaptations to heat. Significant proportions of the Hajj population are elderly, obese, and with low levels of fitness. In addition, many have underlying health conditions and are on multiple medications that can interfere with thermoregulation. Other factors are inherent in the Hajj and its activities, including crowding, physically demanding outdoor rituals, and a high frequency of infection and febrile illness. Pilgrims generally lack awareness of HRIs, and their uptake of preventive measures is variable. In addition, many engage in hazardous behaviors that increase their risk of HRIs. These include performing rituals during the peak sunshine hours with no sun protection and with suboptimal sleep, nutrition, and hydration, while neglecting treatment for their chronic conditions. HRIs preventive plans for Hajj should incorporate measures to address the aforementioned factors to reduce the burden of these illnesses in future Hajj seasons. Lessons from the Hajj can be used to inform policy making and HRIs preventive measures in the general population worldwide.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF SNP C677T OF THE GENE MTHFR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONGENITAL ISOLATED CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
V. S. Uchaeva ◽  
Yu. A. Vasiliev ◽  
A. S. Gracheva ◽  
O. V. Gulenko ◽  
I. G. Udina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Congenital Cleft ◽  
The Impact

Aim. This research was designed to conduct an associative population genetic study for the consideration of the impact of SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR in the congenital maxillofacial developmental anomalies (CMDA): congenital cleft lip (CCL), congenital cleft palate (CCP), congenital cleft lip and palate (CCLP) in the Krasnodar territory. The aim of the study is to establish the associations between SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR and the development of congenital cleft lip and/ or palate.Materials and methods. In this research, the peculiarities of distribution of SNP C667T of the gene MTHFR in children with congenital cleft lip and/or palate (n=223) and their mothers (n=78) in comparison with the control group (n=124) were studied in the Krasnodar territory. The genetic demographic questionnaires were gathered for children with CMDA, the information about diagnosis was obtained from the medical records. The biological samples, including blood or scrapings of oral mucosa, were collected from children with the pathology and their mothers. The DNA was extracted from the samples by the standard method. The study of the peculiarities of distribution of alleles of SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR was performed by PCR-PFLP with endonuclease Hinf I or by tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method in children with CCL, CCP, CCLP, their mothers and the control group. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by the algorithms of the “Statistica” program.Results. While comparing the profiles of frequencies of SNP C677T in children with CCL, CCP and CCLP with the control group, there were identified no significant differences in the frequency of this SNP and no peculiarities of genotypes distribution. There was identified a significant difference in the peculiarities of genotypes distribution with the control group (G=19,5232, d.f.=1, p<0,001) as well as united genotypes (С/C и С/T) in accordance to T/T (G=10,4657, d.f.=1; p<0,001) and united genotypes (C/T и T/T) in accordance to C/C (G=15,1896, d.f.=1, p<0,001) for the mothers of children with CCL, CCP and CCLP.Conclusion. As a result of the study, we established the association of SNP C677T of the MTHFR gene with the development of congenital cleft lip and/or palate: mothers’ T/T genotype is associated with the increased risk of giving birth to a child with CCL, CCP and CCLP (in comparison with mothers with C/C+C/T genotype): odds ratio [OR]=16,63, 95% CI: 3,86-71,71; p=0,0003 and also for mothers with genotypes (C/T+T/T) in comparison with mothers with genotypes C/C: OR=3,22, CI:1,71-6,08; p=0,0002. The amount of risk is not significant in children with CMDA for T/T genotype. So it is possible to make a conclusion about the impact of C677T of the gene MTHFR in the development of CCL, CCP and CCLP only in mother’s genotype. 

scholarly journals Impact of Cleft lip and Palate on Mother-to-Infant Bonding: a Cross-Sectional Study in the Japan Environment and Children's Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Tsuchiya ◽  
Masahiro Tsuchiya ◽  
Haruki Momma ◽  
Takeyoshi Koseki ◽  
Kaoru Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is among the most prevalent congenital birth defects. They negatively affect maternal psychological status and may consequently result in higher prevalence of child maltreatment. However, the association of CL/P births with bonding disorders still remains unclear. To address this question, we examined the impact of CL/P birth on mother-to-infant bonding, using the nationwide birth cohort study, Japan Environment and Children's Study. Methods This study was conducted as a nationwide birth cohort study of the Japan environment and children’s study (JECS), an ongoing nationwide birth cohort study in Japan. 104,065 of foetuses in fifteen regional centres in JECS were enrolled. Finally, the participants consisted of 79,140 mother-infant pairs, of which 211 mothers with CL/P infants were included in our analyses. Results First, no increased risk of bonding disorders was observed among all the mothers with CL/P births (odds ratio [95% CI]; 0.97 [0.63-1.48], p = 0.880), and advanced maternal age or multiple parity would adversely affect the associations between bonding disorders and CL/P births, respectively. Thus, after stratification with a combination of maternal age and parity, a significant association of CL/P birth with bonding disorders was found only among advanced-age multiparae (OR [95% CI] = 2.51 [1.17-5.37], p = 0.018), but it was weakened after additional adjustment for maternal depression. Conclusion CL/P birth may increase the risk of bonding disorders among advanced-age multiparae possibly through maternal depression. This finding provides valuable information for the provision of multidisciplinary cleft care.

scholarly journals Is Misdiagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysian Children a Common Phenomenon?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenal Mavinkurve ◽  
Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin ◽  
Elaine Wan Ling Chan ◽  
Mazidah Noordin ◽  
Nurshadia Samingan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

BackgroundChildren with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) commonly present in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at initial diagnosis. This is likely due to several factors, one of which includes the propensity for T1DM to be misdiagnosed. The prevalence of misdiagnosis has been reported in non-Asian children with T1DM but not in Asian cohorts.AimTo report the rate of misdiagnosis and its associated risk factors in Malaysian children and adolescents with T1DM.MethodsA retrospective analysis of children with T1DM below 18 years of age over a 10 year period was conducted.ResultsThe cohort included 119 children (53.8% female) with a mean age 8.1 SD ± 3.9 years. 38.7% of cases were misdiagnosed, of which respiratory illnesses were the most common (37.0%) misdiagnosis. The rate of misdiagnosis remained the same over the 10 year period. Among the variables examined, younger age at presentation, DKA at presentation, healthcare professional (HCP) contact and admission to the intensive care unit were significantly different between the misdiagnosed and correctly diagnosed groups (p &lt;0.05).ConclusionMisdiagnosis of T1DM occurs more frequently in Malaysian children &lt;5 years of age. Misdiagnosed cases are at a higher risk of presenting in DKA with increased risk of ICU admission and more likely to have had prior HCP contact. Awareness of T1DM amongst healthcare professionals is crucial for early identification, prevention of DKA and reducing rates of misdiagnosis

scholarly journals Legal Status of Persons Serving Sentences in the event of Health Emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Subjective Rights

The paper discusses the preventive measures carried out in the penitentiary institutions of foreign countries, preventing the penetration and spread of coronavirus infection. Persons serving sentences in places of detention are at increased risk of infection in the event of an outbreak of the disease. Their situation requires separate consideration in planning and responding to crises. Measures to ensure social distancing are implemented through a special legal regime, the introduction of which limits the subjective rights of convicts. The introduced legal restrictions in some states provoked the emergence of criminal emergencies, which required the optimization of criminal and penal legal relations. Due to the emergency in the healthcare sector, it seems possible to use such institutions of criminal law as release from serving a sentence, deferment from serving a sentence, replacing the unserved part of a sentence with a milder type of punishment as an exceptional measure, and developing alternative ways to maintain socially useful ties. These methods include: increasing the duration of calls in correctional facilities, conducting visits through video conferencing, organizing a prompt exchange of information on the health status of relatives and convicts using a hotline, and using secure mobile devices.

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