scholarly journals Robotics in cardiac surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (Supplement 7) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Sepehripour ◽  
G Garas ◽  
T Athanasiou ◽  
R Casula
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Coronary Artery Revascularisation

A summary of its uses in mitral valve surgery and coronary artery revascularisation

Abstract 14956: Improved Operative Efficiency for Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery at a Low-volume Center

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fowler ◽  
Jeffrey B MacLeod ◽  
christie aguiar ◽  
Alexandra M Yip ◽  
zlatko pozeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Skin To Skin

Introduction: When implementing a minimally invasive cardiac surgery program, increased surgical times may serve as a deterrent. Results demonstrating parity in operative times between minimally invasive (MIMVR) and conventional mitral valve replacement/repair (CMVR) have been limited to high-volume centers. The purpose of this study was to examine operative efficiency for MIMVR in a low-volume center. Methods: All patients having undergone non-emergent, isolated MIMVR or CMVR at the New Brunswick Heart Centre from 2011-2017 were considered. Detailed peri-operative data, including cross clamp (XC), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), skin-to-skin (SS) and total operative (TO) times, were collected. Patients were assigned to one of 3 eras: 2011-2013, 2014-2015, 2016-2017. Unadjusted comparisons were made between MIMVR and CMVR over the entire study period and within each era. Results: A total of 168 patients were included (MIMVR: 64; CMVR: 104). There was an increase in the number of MIMVR cases over time (2011-2013: 19; 2014-2015: 17; 2016-2017: 28). Patients undergoing MIMVR were less likely to be ≥70years (29.7% vs. 47.1%, p=0.04) and to have had NYHA-IV symptoms (17.2% vs. 41.3%, p=0.002), previous cardiac surgery (4.7% vs. 23.1%, p=0.003) or urgent presentation (12.5% vs. 35.6%, p=0.002). Intra-operatively, MIMVR patients were more likely to have undergone a mitral valve repair (65.1% vs. 29.1%, p<0.0001). No differences were noted in rates of in-hospital mortality (0.0% vs. 5.1%, p=0.29). Median operative times were uniformly longer among MIMVR patients between 2011-2013. However, in 2014-2015 and 2016-2017, these times improved to the point where no significant differences in operative efficiency were noted (Figure). Conclusions: Improved operative efficiency may be safely achieved for MIMVR in a low-volume center. The results of this study should encourage low-volume centers to adopt a minimally invasive approach to isolated mitral valve surgery.

scholarly journals Dexmedetomidine Improves Lung Function by Promoting Inflammation Resolution in Patients Undergoing Totally Thoracoscopic Cardiac Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Junji Cui ◽  
Mintai Gao ◽  
Hongqian Huang ◽  
Xiaoyan Huang ◽  
Qingshi Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Extubation Time ◽  
Thoracoscopic Technique

Objective. Totally thoracoscopic cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass combined with one-lung ventilation has been identified as the trend in cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist dexmedetomidine on the pulmonary function of patients who underwent mitral valve surgery using the totally thoracoscopic technique. Methods. Fifty-seven patients who underwent thoracoscopic mitral valve surgery between July 2019 and December 2019 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into the control (Con) group (n=28) and the dexmedetomidine (DEX) group (n=29) using the random number table method. Arterial blood gas analyses were performed, and the oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2) and respiratory indexes (P(A-a)O/PaO2) were calculated 5 min after tracheal intubation (T1), 2 h after operation (T2), 6 h after operation (T3), and 24 h after operation (T4). Moreover, the serum cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method at all time points. Chest radiography was performed 24 h after surgery. Peripheral blood samples were collected before and after the operation for a complete hemogram. Additionally, the procalcitonin concentration was measured and recorded when the patients were transported to the intensive care unit (ICU). The postoperative extubation time, length of ICU stay, and pulmonary infection rate were also recorded. Results. Inflammatory reaction after surgery was evident. However, the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 in the DEX group were lower than those in the Con group after surgery (T2 to T4; P<0.05). Neutrophil counts and procalcitonin concentration were higher in the Con group than in the DEX group (P<0.05). In addition, in the DEX group, pulmonary exudation on chest radiography was lower, and pulmonary function, as shown by an increase in oxidation index and decrease in the respiratory index, improved after surgery (P<0.05). Moreover, the duration of mechanical ventilation in the Con group was 3.4 h longer than that in the DEX group. Conclusion. Dexmedetomidine has a protective effect on pulmonary function in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery using a totally video-assisted thoracoscopic technique, which may be related to a reduction in the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the early perioperative period.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Postoperative Morbidity following Mitral Valve Surgery in Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Teuku Muhammad Haykal Putra ◽  
Renan Sukmawan ◽  
Elen Elen ◽  
Celly A. Atmadikoesoemah ◽  
Dwita Rian Desandri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Late Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis

Myocardial fibrosis in rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) is caused by chronic inflammatory process. Its occurrence may lead to hemodynamic problems, especially after cardiac surgery. Myocardial fibrosis predicts worse morbidity after cardiac surgery, notably in coronary heart disease and aortic valve abnormalities. However, this issue has not been explored yet among patients with rheumatic MS.The aim of the study was to investigate prognostic impact of myocardial fibrosis to postoperative morbidity after mitral valve surgery in patients with rheumatic MS.This is a prospectively enrolled observational study of 47 consecutive rheumatic MS patients. All patients had preoperative evaluation with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) protocol for left ventricular myocardial fibrosis assessment prior to mitral valve surgery. All patients were followed during hospitalization period. Postoperative morbidities were defined as stroke, renal failure, and prolonged mechanical ventilation.This study involved 33 women (70.2%) and 14 men (29.8%) with a mean age of 46 ± 10 years. Preoperative myocardial fibrosis was identified in 43 patients (91.5%). Estimated fibrosis volume ranged from 0% to 12.8% (median 2.8%). Postoperative morbidities occurred in 11 patients (23.4%). Significant mean difference of myocardial fibrosis volume was observed between patients with and without morbidity after mitral valve surgery (5.97 ± 4.16% and 3.12 ± 2.62%, p = 0.04). This significant association was allegedly influenced by different postoperative hemodynamic changes between the two groups.More extensive myocardial fibrosis is associated with postoperative morbiditiy after mitral valve surgery in patients with rheumatic MS.

Minimally invasive mitral valve repair

2018 ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Evelio Rodriguez ◽  
W. Randolph Chitwood
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
Technical Aspects

The practice of minimally invasive surgery is becoming increasingly widespread in the current era of cardiac surgery. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) describes many different surgical techniques used in the management of mitral valve (MV) disease. Variations in surgical techniques include a combination of the type of incision, direct visualization (videoscopic or robotic visualization), cardiopulmonary perfusion techniques, and aortic occlusion (external clamping, endo-clamping, or fibrillatory arrest). In this chapter, the history and current literature related to MIMVS are reviewed in detail. In addition, we discuss both important technical aspects associated with MIMVS, as well as our approach at the Saint Thomas Heart Institute.

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