Sediment delivery in fine-grained deep-water system, lower Permian Dean formation, Midland Basin

AAPG Bulletin ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
William A. Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Midland Basin ◽  
Fine Grained

scholarly journals Mudrock Microstructure: A Technique for Distinguishing between Deep-Water Fine-Grained Sediments

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Shereef Bankole ◽  
Dorrik Stow ◽  
Zeinab Smillie ◽  
Jim Buckman ◽  
Helen Lever
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Water Facies

Distinguishing among deep-water sedimentary facies has been a difficult task. This is possibly due to the process continuum in deep water, in which sediments occur in complex associations. The lack of definite sedimentological features among the different facies between hemipelagites and contourites presented a great challenge. In this study, we present detailed mudrock characteristics of the three main deep-water facies based on sedimentological characteristics, laser diffraction granulometry, high-resolution, large area scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique. Our results show that the deep-water microstructure is mainly process controlled, and that the controlling factor on their grain size is much more complex than previously envisaged. Retarding current velocity, as well as the lower carrying capacity of the current, has an impact on the mean size and sorting for the contourite and turbidite facies, whereas hemipelagite grain size is impacted by the natural heterogeneity of the system caused by bioturbation. Based on the microfabric analysis, there is a disparate pattern observed among the sedimentary facies; turbidites are generally bedding parallel due to strong currents resulting in shear flow, contourites are random to semi-random as they are impacted by a weak current, while hemipelagites are random to oblique since they are impacted by bioturbation.

scholarly journals AROMATIC STEROIDS BIOMARKERS APPLIED TO HIGH RESOLUTION STRATIGRAPHY: IRATI FORMATION, SOUTHERN OF PARANÁ BASIN, BRAZIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Liliana Osorio ◽  
Darlly Erika Silva dos Reis ◽  
René Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Water System ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Irati Formation ◽  
Organic Matter Type ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Geochemical Studies

The use of aromatic steroids in geochemical studies is almost absent in Brazilian sedimentary basins. For this reason, it is intended to test the application of these compounds in high-resolution stratigraphy in the relatively well known Lower Permian Irati Formation. The Irati Formation is about 40 meters thick. It is thermally immature, and comprise two lithological distinct members: the lower siliciclastic Taquaral Member and the upper calcareous-siliciclastic Assistência Member. Based on the whole rock data, mostly TOC, total sulfur, Rock-Eval pyrolysis and alkanes biomarkers, was possible to split the Irati Formation into seven chemostratigraphic units, named from A to C in the Taquaral Member and from D to G in the Assistência Member. Each of these units represents: distinct inputs of land derived organic matter type (chemostratigraphic units C and F) and/or; the response of living organisms to salinity changing of the water system (chemostratigraphic unit D) and; anoxia (chemostratigraphic unit E) during sedimentation. The methodology applied in this work can be used in other sedimentary basins but considering the lithology and sedimentary environment particularities.

scholarly journals Modelling the embedment process during offshore pipe-laying on fine-grained soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.J. Westgate ◽  
D.J. White ◽  
M.F. Randolph
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Centrifuge Model ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Displacement Patterns ◽  
Centrifuge Model Tests

Subsea pipelines are becoming an increasingly significant element of offshore hydrocarbon developments as exploration moves into deep-water environments further from shore. During the lay process, pipelines are subject to small amplitude vertical and horizontal oscillations, driven by the sea state and lay vessel motions. Centrifuge model tests have been used to simulate these small-amplitude lay effects, with varying degrees of idealization relative to the real lay process. In the soft soils found in deep water, pipe embedment can exceed a diameter or more, thus significantly affecting the lateral pipe–soil interaction, axial resistance, and thermal insulation. In this paper, results from centrifuge model tests are used to calibrate a model for calculating the dynamic embedment of a subsea pipeline. The model uses elements of plasticity theory to capture the effects of combined vertical and horizontal loading, and incorporates the softening of the surrounding soil as it is remoulded due to the pipeline motions. Influences from the lay rate, lay geometry, and sea state are included in the calculation process. The model is compared with observed as-laid pipeline embedment data from field surveys at three different offshore sites. Using site-specific soil parameters obtained from in situ testing and idealized pipe loads and motions to represent the load and displacement patterns during offshore pipe-laying, respectively, the model is shown to capture well the final as-laid embedment measured in the field surveys.

scholarly journals High-frequency sea-level changes recorded in deep-water carbonates of the Upper Cretaceous Dol Formation (island of Brač, Croatia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Damir Bucković ◽  
Maja Martinuš ◽  
Duje Kukoč ◽  
Blanka Tešović ◽  
Ivan Gušić
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Preferential Orientation ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Platform Margin

High-frequency sea-level changes recorded in deep-water carbonates of the Upper Cretaceous Dol Formation (island of Brač, Croatia)The upper part of the Middle Coniacian/Santonian-Middle Campanian deep-water Dol Formation of the island of Brač is composed of countless fine-grained allodapic intercalations deposited in an intraplatform trough. Within the studied section 13 beds can be distinguished, each defined by its lower part built up of dark grey limestone with abundance of branched, horizontally to subhorizontally oriented burrows, and the upper part, in which the light grey to white limestone contains larger burrows, rarely branched, showing no preferential orientation. The lower, dark grey, intensively bioturbated levels are interpreted as intervals formed during high-frequency sea-level highstands, while the upper, light grey-to-white levels are interpreted as intervals formed during the high-frequency sea-level lowstands. Cyclic alternation of these two intervals within the fine-grained allodapic beds is interpreted as the interaction between the amount of carbonate production on the platform margin and the periodicity and intensity of shedding and deposition in the distal part of toe-of-slope environment, which is governed by Milankovitch-band high frequency sea-level changes.

A petrographic study of the Rotliegendes Sandstone reservoir (Lower Permian) in the Rough Gas Field

Clay Minerals ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Goodchild ◽  
J. H. McD. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Secondary Porosity ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Groundwater Movement ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Sandstone Reservoir

AbstractThe diagenetic history of the Rotliegendes Sandstone reservoir in the Rough Gas Field was studied using thin-sections, XRD analyses and SEM. The Rotliegendes comprises a sequence of fine-grained fluvial sheet-flood sandstones and coarse, gravelly, low-sinuosity channel sandstones, with thin aeolian interbeds, overlain by a sequence of aeolian dune and interdune sandstones. Early, environmentally-related diagnesis (eogenesis) shows a marked variability with sedimentary facies. Within aeolian sandstones, poikilotopic anhydrite and fine, rhombic dolomite are preserved. Fluvially-derived sandstones typically contain infiltrated detrital clays and early authigenic mixed-layer clays, together with coarse, framework-displacive dolomite. Feldspars show varying degrees of alteration within all facies. These eogenetic features reflect patterns of groundwater movement during the Rotliegendes and early Zechstein. Mineral dissolution and precipitation were controlled by the chemistry of the groundwaters. Burial diagenetic (mesogenetic) features are superimposed on eogenetic cements. Authigenic clays have been converted to illitic clays. In addition, mesogenetic chlorite has formed and quartz and strongly ferroan dolomite cements are recognized. These minerals may be related to clay diagenesis within the underlying Carboniferous Coal Measures. Early, framework-supporting anyhdrite, and both phases of dolomite, have been partially dissolved, creating secondary porosity. This is attributed to the action of acidic porewaters, generated by the maturation of organic material within the Carboniferous. Post-dissolution kaolinite, gypsum and minor pyrite infill secondary pores. Gas emplacement from the Late Cretaceous onwards effectively halted further diagenetic reactions.

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