Confocal laser scanning microscopy and automated petrographic image analysis in different rock types: Two-dimensional images capillary pressure curves estimation and three-dimensional porosity reconstruction

AAPG Bulletin ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 1963-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Caja ◽  
J.L. Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
M.F. León ◽  
D. Acero-Allard
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Petrographic Image Analysis ◽  
Capillary Pressure Curves

scholarly journals Automated Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Semiautomated Image Processing for Analysis of Biofilms

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 4115-4127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kuehn ◽  
Martina Hausner ◽  
Hans-Joachim Bungartz ◽  
Michael Wagner ◽  
Peter A. Wilderer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Situ Conditions

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to develop and apply a quantitative optical method suitable for routine measurements of biofilm structures under in situ conditions. A computer program was designed to perform automated investigations of biofilms by using image acquisition and image analysis techniques. To obtain a representative profile of a growing biofilm, a nondestructive procedure was created to study and quantify undisturbed microbial populations within the physical environment of a glass flow cell. Key components of the computer-controlled processing described in this paper are the on-line collection of confocal two-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional images from a preset 3D domain of interest followed by the off-line analysis of these 2D images. With the quantitative extraction of information contained in each image, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the principal biological events can be achieved. The program is convenient to handle and was generated to determine biovolumes and thus facilitate the examination of dynamic processes within biofilms. In the present study, Pseudomonas fluorescens or a green fluorescent protein-expressing Escherichia coli strain, EC12, was inoculated into glass flow cells and the respective monoculture biofilms were analyzed in three dimensions. In this paper we describe a method for the routine measurements of biofilms by using automated image acquisition and semiautomated image analysis.

A technique in confocal laser microscopy for establishing biofilm coverage and thickness

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Silyn-Roberts ◽  
G. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Optical Sectioning ◽  
Image Analysis Technique ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Biofilm Quantification

This study uses confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine the coverage and thickness of biofilms on rock types commonly used in wetland sewage treatment systems in New Zealand. Samples of scoria, greywacke and slag - with glass used as a comparison - were submerged in subsurface flow wetlands and examined after six weeks. An image analysis technique was used to quantitatively determine the coverage and thickness of each biofilm. The technique consisted of the biofilm quantification of each individual image obtained from the confocal optical sectioning. The results indicated that the biofilm coverage for the substrata types did not exceed 25%. However, there was a marked difference between the biofilm structures grown on the different substrata; that on glass formed thin spindly structures, and slag and scoria showed similar dense patches interspersed with open channel structures that followed the contours of the pocketed rock surface.

scholarly journals Characterization of activated sludge flocs by confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Floc Structure ◽  
Compositional Changes

The purpose of this study was to characterize microbial floc structure and properties under phosphorus (P) limiting and non-limiting regimes. The P-limitation applied to the biomass did not significantly impact on reactor performance in terms of COD removal and MLSS. The composition of EPS was affected by the P-limitation with significantly increased accumulation of carbohydrates, uronic acids and proteins. CLSM and glycoconjugate mapping revealed that the relative abundance of α and β- N -acetylgalactosaminyl/galactopyranosyl and N -acetylglucosaminyl residues was affected by P-limitation, suggesting changes in microbial populations within the floc structure, which in turn could cause the compositional changes of EPS. The image analysis performed on CLSM images indicated that under non-limiting conditions the cell clumps within the floc were significantly smaller as compared to P-limiting conditions. The fractal dimension and porosity under limiting conditions were either significantly higher or lower than under P-rich conditions.

Behaviour of nucleolar proteins in nuclei lacking ribosomal genes. A study by confocal laser scanning microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
D. Hernandez-Verdun ◽  
M. Robert-Nicoud ◽  
G. Geraud ◽  
C. Masson
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Nucleolar Proteins ◽  
Fibrillar Component

The behaviour of nucleolar proteins in cycling PtK1 cells and in micronuclei with or without NORs was investigated by immunofluorescence using antibodies from autoimmune sera and confocal laser scanning microscopy. These antibodies were shown by electron microscopy to recognize antigens confined to only one of the three basic nucleolar components: fibrillar centres (FC), dense fibrillar component (DFC) and granular component (GC). Serial optical sections allowed us to determine the three-dimensional organization of these components in the nucleolus of cycling cells. Furthermore, clear differences were found in the distribution of the various antigens in micronucleated cells. Three patterns could be observed: (1) the FC antigens were found mainly in the nucleoli, but also in varying amounts in the dots; (2) surprisingly, the DFC antigens were found to accumulate preferentially in the dots; (3) the GC-specific marker stained intensively the nucleoli as well the dots. The results are interpreted with regard to possible mechanisms for targeting nucleolar proteins to the site of nucleolar formation.

scholarly journals Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Image Analysis for Elucidating Crumb and Crust Microstructure of Bran-Enriched South African Fried Dough and Batter

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin O. Onipe ◽  
Daniso Beswa ◽  
Afam I. O. Jideani
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Staining Protocol

A double staining protocol for image acquisition using confocal microscopy (CLSM) coupled with image analysis was employed to elucidate the crust and cross-sectional properties of fried dough. Penetrated oil by image analysis (POia), porosity and pore features were quantified from the cross-section micrographs. Crust surface roughness was measured using fractal metrics and fat content was determined by solvent extraction using the American Association of Cereal Chemists method. Crumb porosity ranged between 54.94%–81.84% and reduced (p < 0.05) with bran addition. Crumb pore sizes ranged from 0–475 µm with <1 circularity, indicating elliptical shape. POia values were notably higher (p < 0.05) than PO by Soxhlet extraction (POsox), except for wheat bran (WB) fried dough where the values of POia and POsox were closely ranked. The linear effect of initial moisture content and bran concentration showed a significant impact on the image properties. The mean fractal dimension (FD) decreased as initial moisture increased. The addition of WB caused a significant reduction in the FD of fried dough, while the opposite effect was noted for its oat bran counterpart. Due to non-collinearity of image properties (FD, POia and porosity), data were fitted to cubic polynomial regression with R2 values > 0.70. CLSM and image analysis were effective in measuring oil absorption and interpreting crumb properties of fried dough. The protocol used in this study can be applied to other thick deep-fried foods for qualitative observation and quantitative measurement of a specific physical or chemical property.

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