scholarly journals Dynamic population of N2-fixing cyanobacteria in an organic rice field

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
DIAN HENDRAYANTI ◽  
IMAM RUSMANA ◽  
DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA ◽  
HAMIM
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Plastic Cylinder ◽  
Soil Components ◽  
Dynamic Population ◽  
Dynamic Populations ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract. Hendrayanti D, Rusmana I, Santosa DA, Hamim. 2019. Dynamic population of N2-fixing Cyanobacteria in an organic rice field. Biodiversitas 20: 2883-2890. The existence of free living N2-fixing cyanobacteria in rice fields has been acknowledged as an advantage for rice crops. At present, implementation of organic rice-systems has been increasing as an alternative way for keeping rice fields healthy. Therefore, investigation of N2-fixing cyanobacteria as a part of the soil components is important. Dynamic populations of the filamentous N2-fixing cyanobacteria assemblage in organic rice field at Ciparay, South Bandung, was investigated during the crop’s growth cycle (January-March 2018). Soil samples were collected from four plots of 20 ha rice fields. At each plot, soil from three random stations with three replications was taken using a 3-cm-diameter plastic cylinder. Composite samples from each station were analyzed for colony enumeration (TPC method), relative abundance and frequency, and species identification. The results show that population reached peak on the 80 days after planting (194 x 106 cfu/g soil). Species number decreased following increased density of the rice canopy. Among the 23 morphospecies found along the rice growth, four species were always found during all stages of growth: Halotia wernerae CSO2, Roholtiella mojavensis CSO6, Hapalosiphon welwitschii CSO7, and Desmonostoc danxiaense CSO3. The community of N2-fixing cyanobacteria found in the organic rice field was different to those reported from non-organic rice field.

scholarly journals Profile of microbial community of organic and conventional rice field using metagenomic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arum Asri Trisnastuti ◽  
Edi Purwanto ◽  
Ari Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Significant Difference

Organic farming can increase the diversity of soil bacterial. This research aimed to compare the profile of microbial community of organic and conventional rice fields in early (0 Day After Planting/DAP), mid (15 DAP), and late (45 DAP) fertilizer application period. The total DNA genome from the soil sample was extracted then analyzed metagenomically using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). There was nine genus of bacteria found in high relative abundance, 95.28%, while 4.72% included in Domain of Archaea (genus Methanosaeta). Phylum of Firmicutes (genus Clostridium has 24.50% relative abundance, Bacillus 11.90%, Lactobacillus 9.69%); Proteobacteria (genus Defluviicoccus 12.10%, Buchnera 18.46%, Rosenbergiella 2.46%); and Actinobacteria (genus Nocardioides 12.21%, and Streptomyces 3.96%). Meanwhile, the average plant height of organic rice fields was shorter than conventional rice fields got directly measured coincided with soil sampled. Based on alpha and beta diversity analysis, the highest community diversity and abundance were found in organic rice field soil samples taken at 45 DAP, i.e., at the end of the fertilizer application period. However, in both organic and conventional rice field soils, there was almost no significant difference in the bacterial community, so it impacts that organic and conventional systems do not make a real difference in the total N, P available, CEC, and pH values. It makes a significant difference in organic C and organic matters.

scholarly journals Soil Quality at Rice Fields with Organic, Semi-organic and Inorganic Management in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Intan Lestari Prima Vera ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organic Rice

The high demand of rice is fulfilled by intensification, particularly with the use of chemical fertilizer that allegedly causes land and environmental problems in a long term. As public awareness of environmental health rises, more rice fields are managed organically and semi-organically, but there are still many that manage rice fields inorganically. Assessment of soil quality of the three types of rice field management is important to prove that organic rice fields have better soil quality than semi-organic and inorganic rice fields, as well as to evaluate soil conditions on the location. This research was conducted in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia, using a descriptive explorative method with a survey approach on three points of each management system of rice fields, which are organic, semi-organic and inorganic rice fields. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the indicators affecting soil quality, which are called the minimum data set (MDS). There were selected indicators in this research, including total microbes, base saturation, cation exchangeable capacity and organic carbon. Based on the results of the study, organic rice fields have the best soil quality with a score of soil quality index (SQI) of 2.3, compared to semi-organic rice field SQI (2.2) and inorganic rice field SQI (1.7). The results indicate that organic management contributes to better soil quality and environment.

scholarly journals Methane production potential of soil profile in organic paddy field

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mujiyo ◽  
B.H. Sunarminto ◽  
E. Hanudin ◽  
J. Widada ◽  
J. Syamsiyah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Mitigation Options ◽  
Organic Rice

The use of organic fertilizers in the organic paddy/rice field can increase methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production, which leads to environmental problems. In this study, we aimed to determine the CH<sub>4</sub> production potential (CH<sub>4</sub>-PP) by a soil profile from samples using flood incubation. Soil properties (chemical, physical, and biological) were analyzed from soil samples of three different paddy farming systems (organic, semi-organic, and conventional), whilst soil from teak forest was used as the control. A significant relationship was determined between soil properties and CH<sub>4</sub>-PP. The average amount of CH<sub>4</sub>-PP in the organic rice field profile was the highest among all the samples (1.36 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/kg soil/day). However, the CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation potential (CH<sub>4</sub>-OP) is high as well, as this was a chance of mitigation options should focus on increasing the methanotrophic activity which might reduce CH<sub>4</sub> emissions to the atmosphere. The factor most influencing CH<sub>4</sub>-PP is soil C-organic (C<sub>org</sub>). C<sub>org</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub>-PP of the top soil of organic rice fields were 2.09% and 1.81 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/kg soil/day, respectively. As a consequence, here the mitigation options require more efforts than in the other farming systems. Soil with various amounts of C<sub>org</sub> reached a maximum point of CH<sub>4</sub>-PP at various time after incubation (20, 15, and 10 days for the highest, medium, and the lowest amounts of C<sub>org</sub>, respectively). A high amount of C<sub>org</sub> provided enough C substrate for producing a higher amount of CH<sub>4</sub> and reaching its longer peak production than the low amount of C<sub>org</sub>. These findings also provide guidance that mitigation option reduces CH<sub>4 </sub>emissions from organic rice fields and leads to drainage every10–20 days before reaching the maximum CH<sub>4</sub>-PP. 

scholarly journals The Stratification of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Top Soils as Affected by the Management of Organic and Conventional Rice Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Arif Anshori ◽  
Ali Pramono ◽  
Mujiyo Mujiyo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Top Soil

Organic and conventional management in rice cultivation have an impact on the nature of soil and the sustainability of agricultural system. This study aimed to determine the stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen in top soil from organic and conventional rice management. Top soil samples from organic and conventional rice management were taken before planting rice to find out the parameters of several soil characteristics. After rice was planted, top soil samples were taken at the depths of 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-16, 16-20, 20-24 and 24-28 cm from organic and conventional rice fields, to determine the total organic carbon, total nitrogen and nitrate. The results show that organic rice management will provide better soil properties. Stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen was found in top soil from organic and conventional rice fields. Organic rice field appeared to have organic carbon content that was significantly higher than that of conventional rice field, and it is concentrated on top soil surface. The total nitrogen content in layers 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm in organic rice field was considerably higher than in conventional, but the content was different in layers 8-24 cm. Nitrate content was significantly different in top soil 12-16, 16-20 and 20-24 cm, significantly in top soil 8-12 cm, with nitrate in top soil of conventional rice field higher than in organic rice field. However, it was not significant in 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm top soils. This condition was influenced by organic and synthetic chemical fertilization, nitrification, denitrification and leaching.

scholarly journals ALIRAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA SAWAH PADI ORGANIK DI DUSUN JAYAN DESA KEBONAGUNG KEC. IMOGIRI KAB. BANTUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Arif Anshori ◽  
Bambang Hendro Sunarminto ◽  
Eko Haryono
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Crop Waste ◽  
Matter Flow

<p><em>Organic farming uses natural resources to improve the health and productivity of soil and plants. Nutrients are lost or transported through crops, erosion, leaching and volatilization must be replaced naturally and through the return of organic matter. This research aims to study the conditions of organic rice fields, specifically in terms of organic matter flow, in Jayan Kebonagung Imogiri Bantul. The organic rice field data obtained from interviews and archive farmers. The results indicate that the organic rice field in Jayan under a transition from conventional to organic rice field. Dose of organic fertilizer 10 tons/ha were given during the transition period. Organic fertilizer 5-10 tons/ha have been giving during the organic rice fields. Returns organic matter to agricultural land through land-crop-land, land-plant-livestock-land and land-crop-livestock-biogas-land. Manure, weeds and paddy field plants, crop waste, waste from agricultural products processing and non-agricultural organic wastes involved in the flow of organic matter. Farmers monitor the health and productivity of soil and plants as the basis in the management of organic rice field.</em></p>

scholarly journals Potential Location for Extensification of Organic Rice Field in Tasikmalaya District

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Chofyan ◽  
Rohmawati Mardiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Organic Rice

Tasikmalaya District is one of the districts that have succeeded in producing export quality organic rice. Organic rice export demand reaches 320 tons per year, while the amount of organic rice production produced is only 20-30 tons, which means it has not been able to fulfill market demand. This potential should be utilized by increasing the amount of organic rice production, one of which is through extensification. The purpose of this study is to determine potential locations for the extensification of organic rice fields as an effort to increase organic rice production to meet market share. This study uses quantitative method and conducts analysis on land capability, land suitability, and irrigation water. The result of the study states that the cultivation area is 14,860.53 hectares, where 10,155.01 hectares of it is suitable for developing rice fields with adequate water availability that can fulfill the water needs of the rice fields

Integration of the rice field design software with AutoCAD Сivil 3D

2021 ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
E.E. Dmitrieva ◽  
E.V. Kalinova
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Design Software

The article discusses the use of AutoCAD Civil 3D engineering system with the software for rice fields designing. The article contains the examples of graphic materials (rice field model) created in AutoCAD Civil 3D based on the design results in RIS software.

Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Semut sebagai Predator Hama Tanaman Padi di Lahan Sawah Organik dan Anorganik Kecamatan Karanganom Kabupaten Klaten

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siska Lesiana Adhi ◽  
Mochamad Hadi ◽  
Udi Tarwotjo
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Solenopsis Geminata ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Chemical Factors

Ants potentially as predators that become natural enemies of insect pests in rice fields with paddy cultivation. This study aims to know the diversity and abundance of ants, the role of ants, the population of ants, and the influence of physical and chemical factors in organic and inorganic rice fields. The ants were collected using pit fall trap method with insect bait, fish meat, and sugar solution. The results showed that the number of species and the number of individuals in organic rice fields was higher (429 individuals, 11 species) than inorganic rice fields (193 individuals, 10 species). In general, the index of diversity in organic rice fields was higher (ranging from 0.73 to 1.65) compared to inorganic rice fields (ranging from 0 to 1.28). The index of evenness in organic rice fields ranged from 0.63 to 0.99 (evenly distributed), whereas in inorganic rice fields ranged from 0 to 0.99 (uneven until evenly distributed). The dominant ants in organic rice fields were Camponotus sp, Solenopsis geminata, Anoplolepis gracilipes, and Paratrechina longicornis, whereas in the inorganic rice fields were Tapinoma sp, Solenopsis geminata, and Camponotus sp. The index of similarity between organic and inorganic rice fields showed a high and very high degree of similarity based on the type of feed. Physical factors of high soil and air humidity environment, high soil and air temperature increased the diversity and abundance of ants in the rice fields ecosystem. Factors soil pH in accordance with the growth of soil Arthropods were neutral or slightly acidic. Chemical factors of organic matter content, Nitrogen (N), the content of C organic, and a high P total content increased the diversity and abundance of ants. Keywords: diversity and abundance, ants, organic and inorganic rice fields

scholarly journals Polarisasi etnis dan potensi konflik dalam kebijakan pencetakan sawah baru: Sebuah kajian kepustakaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Productive Labor ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Future Potential

This study aims to analyse the implementation of new rice field plan  policies in Indonesia and their impacts on population and ethnic composition in new rice field locations. This research is conducted by applying a literature review method. It is shown that the implementation of the policies had two major implications. Firstly, it creates assimilation opportunities through collaboration between ethnic migrants and local ethnic groups to work on or cultivate new rice fields. Secondly, the great flows of transmigrants that move to the new rice field locations trigger ethnic polarization, which is prone to cause inter-ethnic conflict. In the future, potential problems associated with the provision of new rice fields are available are the risk of having aging population. The aging population indicates a decrease in productive labor that may also affect on decreasing attractiveness of the rice fields to the younger generation. This situation can lead to the re-involvement of older generation in managing the new rice fields. However, it can raise a new concern on their ability to improve the rice fields’ productivity or, even worse, the new rice fields might be neglected or be sold. 

scholarly journals Genus Alga pada Lahan Sawah Organik yang Ditanami Padi Lokal dan Inhibrida di Subak Jatiluwih, Tabanan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
SAWIDYA FITRIYANI ◽  
I WAYAN DANA ATMAJA ◽  
NI NENGAH SONIARI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Soil And Water

Algae Genus in Organic Rice Fields Planted with Local and Inhibrida Rice in Subak Jatiluwih, Tabanan. The abundance of microalgae in rice fields, especially microalgae from Cyanophyta division that are capable of fixing nitrogen, is very important helping maintain soil fertility. The aim of this study was to find out the genus of algae in organic rice fields of Subak Jatiluwih, Tabanan. The research was conducted from September 2018 to April 2019. Sampling was done in Subak Jatiluwih. Algae breeding were carried out at Biology and Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University. This research method uses descriptive quantitative. The implementation of the research included the determination of location, soil and water sampling, identification of algae, and analysis of algae genera. Enrichment algae was carried out using the MPN method, results of the analysis of algae genus were found in 37 genera from 3 divisions i.e Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Chrysophyta. Descriptive quantitative method Most Probable Number (MPN) calculation conclude that there are not much different from the Local and Inhibrida rice fields. The maximum population algae of local rice fields is 1.100 cell g-1 and Inhibrida rice fields is >1.100 cell g-1 of land. The minimum population is 3,6 cell g-1 of land in local rice fields, and 9,2 cell g-1 of land in Inhibrida rice fields.

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