scholarly journals Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Edible Vegetable Frying Oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1717-1733
Author(s):  
Valentina Prado ◽  
Jesse Daystar ◽  
Steven Pires ◽  
Michele Wallace ◽  
Lise Laurin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Frying Oils

HighlightsCottonseed oil (CSO), a cotton byproduct, has advantages for climate change compared to other seed oils.Results show that the cultivation phase is the main impact driver for all vegetable oils analyzed in this study.Refined CSO (U.S.) can reduce climate change impacts by up to 83% as compared to the other oils analyzed.Abstract. Edible vegetable oils are a major source of climate change impacts and an environmental concern in the processed food industry. This study consists of a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) of refined U.S. cottonseed oil (CSO), global soybean oil, U.S. canola oil, and palm oil sourced from Indonesia and Malaysia. Considering the oils equivalent for deep frying, they are compared on a 1 kg of oil basis. Analysis includes sensitivity analyses for modeling allocation choices and oil mixes as well as uncertainty analysis. Results show that the cultivation phase is the main impact driver for all vegetable oils analyzed, which favors CSO (U.S.) because it is a co-product. Refined CSO (U.S.) can reduce climate change impacts by up to 83%. Overall, refined CSO (U.S.) was a top performer in six of the eight impact categories evaluated. When ranking the oils, refined CSO (U.S.) was the preferred choice. Despite being the preferred choice, there are tradeoffs with CSO, such as water scarcity. In the context of global-scale commercial frying applications, e.g., McDonald’s daily French fry production of 9 million tons per day, switching the frying oil to refined CSO (U.S.) represents potential savings of 1,130 to 2,188 tons of CO2-eq d-1. For fast-food chains seeking to reduce their climate change impacts, refined CSO (U.S.) may be useful in frying applications. However, opportunities may exist for improvement in water use efficiency in the cultivation phase, which reinforces the need for continuous improvements in agriculture. Keywords: Comparative life cycle assessment, Canola oil, Cottonseed oil, Cotton sustainability, Fast-food industry, LCA, Palm oil, Soybean oil, Vegetable frying oils.

scholarly journals A critical analysis of the carbon neutrality assumption in life cycle assessment of forest bioenergy systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Zhen Yu ◽  
Xinfeng Xie ◽  
Klaus von Gadow ◽  
Changhui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Forest Residue ◽  
Assess Climate Change ◽  
Accounting Errors

This study presents a critical analysis regarding the assumption of carbon neutrality in life cycle assessment (LCA) models that assess climate change impacts of bioenergy usage. We identified a complex of problems in the carbon neutrality assumption, especially regarding bioenergy derived from forest residues. In this study, we summarized several issues related to carbon neutral assumptions, with particular emphasis on possible carbon accounting errors at the product level. We analyzed errors in estimating emissions in the supply chain, direct and indirect emissions due to forest residue extraction, biogenic CO2 emission from biomass combustion for energy, and other effects related to forest residue extraction. Various modeling approaches are discussed in detail. We concluded that there is a need to correct accounting errors when estimating climate change impacts and proposed possible remedies. To accurately assess climate change impacts of bioenergy use, greater efforts are required to improve forest carbon cycle modeling, especially to identify and correct pitfalls associated with LCA accounting, forest residue extraction effects on forest fire risk and biodiversity. Uncertainties in accounting carbon emissions in LCA are also highlighted, and associated risks are discussed.

scholarly journals Economic and life-cycle assessment of OME3-5 as transport fuel: A comparison of production pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Felipe Rodriguez-Vallejo ◽  
Antonio Valente ◽  
Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez ◽  
Benoit Chachuat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Renewable Fuels ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers

Reducing the contribution of the transport sector to climate change calls for a transition towards renewable fuels. Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEn) constitute a promising alternative to fossil-based diesel. This article...

scholarly journals Chemosensory Device Assisted-Estimation of the Quality of Edible Oils with Repetitive Frying

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
Jookyeong Lee ◽  
Changguk Boo ◽  
Seong-jun Hong ◽  
Eui-Cheol Shin
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Ethyl Butyrate ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Positive Correlations

This study investigated chemosensory degradations of soybean and canola oils with repeated frying in order to estimate the quality of the oils. Methods: Chemical parameters including oxygen induction time, acid value, p-anisidine value, malondialdehyde, and total polar compounds were measured. Electronic nose and electronic tongue analyses were performed to assess sensory properties. Multivariate analyses were employed to investigate relationships among tastes and volatile compounds using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: All chemical parameters increased with repeated frying in both oils. Electronic nose analysis found ethyl butyrate, 2-heptenal, and 2,4-pentanedione as major volatiles for soybean oil and ethyl butyrate and linalool for canola oil. As the numbers of frying increased, all volatiles showed an increased concentration in various extents. In multivariate analyses, ethyl butyrate revealed strong positive correlations with sourness, umami, and sweetness, and umami showed strong positive correlations with sourness and saltiness (p < 0.05). PCA confirmed that in PC1 with 49% variance, sourness, saltiness, and umami were at similar rates while acetyl pyrazine, 2,4-pentadieone, and 1-octanol were found at similar rates. Canola oil was chemically more stable and less susceptible to deterioration in all chemical parameters compared to soybean oil, resulting in a relatively better quality oil when repeatedly fried. Conclusion: The results suggested that minimum repeated frying (5 times) degrades chemosensory characteristics of both oils, thereby compromising their quality. The findings of this study will be utilized as a foundation for quality control of fried foods in food industry, fried food development, and fast-food industry.

scholarly journals Mitigation Life Cycle Assessment: Best Practices from LCA of Energy and Water Infrastructure That Incurs Impacts to Mitigate Harm

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Grubert ◽  
Jennifer Stokes-Draut
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Lca Results

Climate change will require societal-scale infrastructural changes. Balancing priorities for water, energy, and climate will demand that approaches to water and energy management deviate from historical practice. Infrastructure designed to mitigate environmental harm, particularly related to climate change, is likely to become increasingly prevalent. Understanding the implications of such infrastructure for environmental quality is thus of interest. Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) is a common sustainability assessment tool that aims to quantify the total, multicriteria environmental impact caused by a functional unit. Notably, however, LCA quantifies impacts in the form of environmental “costs” of delivering the functional unit. In the case of mitigation infrastructures, LCA results can be confusing because they are generally reported as the harmful impacts of performing mitigation rather than as net impacts that incorporate benefits of successful mitigation. This paper argues for defining mitigation LCA as a subtype of LCA to facilitate better understanding of results and consistency across studies. Our recommendations are informed by existing LCA literature on mitigation infrastructure, focused particularly on stormwater and carbon management. We specifically recommend that analysts: (1) use a performance-based functional unit; (2) be attentive to burden shifting; and (3) assess and define uncertainty, especially related to mitigation performance.

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