Gender Division of Farm Work and Occupational Injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Janne P. Karttunen ◽  
Risto H. Rautiainen ◽  
Elisabeth Quendler
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract. Several studies have shown that males are at greater risk of agricultural injuries than females. We investigated if gender division of farm work helps explain this risk difference in the self-employed Finnish farming population. We used insurance claims data and postal survey data charting the relative division of farm work between male and female farmers. Over the five-year study period (2009 to 2013), the average number of farmers was 75,893 (67% males and 33% females). A total of 22,648 occupational injuries (77% males and 23% females) were compensated during that time. Males had significantly higher rates of any, minor, serious, and recurrent injuries compared to females. Altogether, 319 usable responses were received in the postal survey (13% response rate). Both farm work time and occupational injuries differed by gender. Crop production, construction, forestry, and machinery contracting work were male-dominated, whereas females took the main responsibility for domestic and caretaking work. On livestock farms, animal husbandry was divided quite evenly between males and females (56% and 44% contributions, respectively). Animal husbandry-related injuries were distributed similarly (58% males and 42% females), but all other types of injuries occurred mostly to males. These results suggest that the risk of injuries is also nearly equal, given equal work time. Therefore, gender is an indicator of different work exposures in farming, rather than a risk factor for injury. Better understanding of the division of work and the corresponding risk of injuries can help in the design of interventions for males and females in agriculture. Keywords: Agriculture, Claim, Exposure, Farmer, Gender, Insurance, Occupational injury, Work.

scholarly journals Health, work, and development: agribusiness and accidents in a state in the Brazilian Amazon region

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Darléia Cristina Gross Andrade Nascimento ◽  
Marta Gislene Pignatti ◽  
Luis Henrique da Costa Leão ◽  
Ângela Lúcia Piccini de Oliveira ◽  
Ageo Mário Cândido da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Introduction Mato Grosso is one of the Brazilian states with the highest agribusiness growth, which is accompanied by deforestation and an increase in occupational injuries. Objective To assess some factors associated with agribusiness-related severe occupational injuries in Mato Grosso. Method Occupational injury notifications were provided by the System of Information of Notifiable Injuries (SINAN). The production sectors, considered the dependent variables, were classified as forestry/wood industry, animal husbandry, and plant husbandry. Some sociodemographic, care, and type of injury-related variables were selected and considered the independent variables. We conducted a spatial analysis of the density of occupational injury. The associations were identified by calculating the proportion ratio (PR) by the chi-square test and considered significant when p-value < 0.05. Results and conclusion The highest rates of severe occupational injuries occurred in municipalities with intense plant and animal husbandry, and forestry/wood industry activities. In plant husbandry severe occupational injuries were more common in men, adults, non-whites, illiterates, and rural areas. However, in animal husbandry and forestry/wood industry, severe occupational injuries were more common in adults, and full recoveries were less frequent.

Injuries and Occupational Safety

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn N. Castillo ◽  
Timothy J. Pizatella ◽  
Nancy A. Stout
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Injury Control

This chapter describes occupational injuries and their prevention. It describes in detail the causes of injuries and epidemiology of injuries. Occupational injuries are caused by acute exposure in the workplace to safety hazards, such as mechanical energy, electricity, chemicals, and ionizing radiation, or from the sudden lack of essential agents, such as oxygen or heat. This chapter describes the nature and the magnitude of occupational injuries in the United States. It provides data on risk of injuries in different occupations and industries. Finally, it discusses prevention of injuries, using a hierarchical approach to occupational injury control.

Deferring Crisis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Stewart Mauldin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Antebellum South ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Land Use Practices ◽  
Ecological Regime

This chapter explores the ecological regime of slavery and the land-use practices employed by farmers across the antebellum South. Despite the diverse ecologies and crop regimes of the region, most southern farmers employed a set of extensive agricultural techniques that kept the cost of farming down and helped circumvent natural limits on crop production and stock-raising. The use of shifting cultivation, free-range animal husbandry, and slaves to perform erosion control masked the environmental impacts of farmers’ actions, at least temporarily. Debates over westward expansion during the sectional crisis of the 1850s were not just about the extension of slavery, they also reflected practical concerns regarding access to new lands and fresh soil. Both were necessary for the continued profitability of farming in the South.

CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF CARBON FARMING DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Radik Safin ◽  
Ayrat Valiev ◽  
Valeriya Kolesar
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Republic

Global climatic changes have a negative impact on the development of all sectors of the economy, including agriculture. However, the very production of agricultural products is one of the most important sources of greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere. Taking into account the need to reduce the “carbon footprint” in food production, a special place is occupied by the analysis of the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and the development of measures for their sequestration in agriculture. One of the main directions for reducing emissions and immobilizing greenhouse gases is the development of special techniques for their sequestration in the soil, including those used in agriculture. Adaptation of existing farming systems for this task will significantly reduce the “carbon footprint” from agricultural production, including animal husbandry. The development of carbon farming allows not only to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also to significantly increase the level of soil fertility, primarily by increasing the content of organic matter in them. As a result, it becomes possible, along with the production of crop production, to produce “carbon units” that are sold on local and international markets. The paper analyzes possible greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and the potential for their sequestration in agricultural soils. The role of various elements of the farming system in solving the problem of reducing the “carbon footprint” is considered and ways of developing carbon farming in the Republic of Tatarstan are proposed

scholarly journals MODERN LENDING OF AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Zhuravleva ◽  
Tatiana Batrakova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
State Support ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to study the main problems of lending to agro-industrial enterprises with state support in market relations and propose measures to implement a new mechanism of subsidized and compensatory budget support for agriculture, aimed at its effective functioning. Historically, Ukraine is an agro-industrial country with rich natural resources and opportunities. However, to make a decent profit, the agro-industrial complex needs regular cash infusions and complete modernization. Given these factors, farmers in Ukraine are increasingly resorting to such an ancillary method as a loan for agricultural development. The long history of the Ukrainian economy, multiplied by current trends in crop production and animal husbandry, forces banks to consider lending to agriculture as a promising profitable business, which can and should be lent. The urgency of the study is due to the growing need to address one of the priority sectors of the economy-agriculture, by increasing the role and availability of credit for farmers, improving lending conditions, improving the efficiency of monetary institutions lending to agricultural enterprises, as well as development forms of their support. Problems of improving the lending system, investment activity of enterprises, lending mechanism and state regulation in the field of agriculture were covered in the works of a number of scientists and practitioners: G. Bezorna, H. Borkhunov, I. Buzdalov, A. Gataulin, A. Golovanov, A. Gordeeva, L. Kolichev, K. Koroleva, A. Kupavykh, D. Murzin, E. Mezentsev, A. Ponomareva, E. Sagaidak, A. Sidoruk, Y. Trushin, D. Epstein and some others. In the foreign economic literature, the main attention is paid to the forms of state support for agricultural producers, assessment of the impact of subsidies in terms of efficient use of public funds and the functioning of agricultural banks, but at the level of microfinance. These problems are reflected in the works of foreign authors: N. Gow, K. Hoff, M. Zeller, A. Sarris, J. Swinnen, J. Stiglitz, J. Yaron, M. Schreiner, Le Min Tu, and others. The changing conditions of the market environment pose new challenges to the subjects of credit relations, and then there are problems of agricultural lending in the changing conditions of the country’s economy, which need to be addressed. Formulation of the goals of the article (task statement). The purpose of the article is to generalize the theory and practice of agricultural lending when there are new economic relations, financial and credit opportunities of the Ukrainian economy.

«TRADE LOCAL, BUY LOCAL, BE LOCAL»: AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS AND FAIRS IN HALYCHYNA IN THE 20-30S OF THE 20TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Oksana Pasitska
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Given

The article focuses on the exhibition activities of the Ukrainians, which were reflected upon in periodicals. In particular, it analyzes the organizational aspects and features of fairs and exhibitions of the agricultural products that were held upon the initiative of economic institutions and public organizations such as «Silskyi Hospodar» («The Farmer»), «Maslosoiuz», «Tsentrosoiuz», RSUK («The Auditing Union of Ukrainian Cooperatives»), «Soiuz ukrainok» («The Union of Ukrainian Women»), «The Ukrainian Folk Art» («Ukrainske narodne mystetstvo»), «The Hutsul Art» («Hutsulske mystetstvo»), «The Beekeeping Union» («Pasichnycha spilka»), «Rii» («The Swarm»), «Prosvita» («The Education») county unions, cooperatives, etc. Economic educational institutions also took part in the exhibitions. The first Ukrainian agrotechnical exhibitions were held in Stryi in 1909 and 1907, and later they took place in various Halychyna towns and villages, including Staryi Sambir, Dashava, and Sokal. Cooperative figures, such as D. Sembratovych, E. Olesnytskyi, O. Nyzhankivskyi, O. Lutskyi, A. Zhuk, M. Khronoviat, etc., played an important role in the organization of the given exhibitions. The article outlines the main functions performed by the exhibitions and fairs and the range of goods in demand among the visitors. Each exhibition was divided into separate sections, where the passers-by and the buyers could get acquainted with the results of work of the Ukrainian entrepreneurs and farmers in crop production, horticulture, vegetable growing, animal husbandry, beekeeping, crafts, and agricultural equipment. «Maslosoiuz» products, folk art products, and a wide range of medical products were especially popular at agro-technical exhibitions. Exhibitions and fairs were the manifestation of competitiveness in the local market, a factor of the region's economic and cultural development, as they were accompanied by entertainment and educational activities, including lectures, speeches, and presentations of new economic publications. Keywords: exhibitions, fairs, Halychyna, agricultural exhibitions and fairs

New Method to Measure Farm Work Time Using Handheld Computer in the Field

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 (50) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki SAWAMURA ◽  
Hiroyuki HONJOH ◽  
Mitsugu TOMITA
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Handheld Computer ◽  
Farm Work

Injuries and Seasonal Risks among Young Workers in West Virginia—A 10-Year Retrospective Descriptive Analysis

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscah Mujuru ◽  
Miriam Mutambudzi
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Injury Rates

This study used workers' compensation data to examine seasonal trends of compensable injuries among workers 14 to 24 years old during a 10-year period. These workers had higher rates of occupational injuries in major classes of industry (e.g., service, manufacturing, and agriculture) during summer and non-summer months. The overall rate of occupational injury was significantly higher for male workers than female workers in all age groups ( p & .001). Young workers experienced occupational injuries within less than 3 hours of starting a shift. Among males, injury rates were highest in the manufacturing industry for those 14 to 18 years old and in the service industry for those 22 to 24 years old for both seasons. These results indicate that preventing injuries among young workers should be a primary concern of education and health and safety professionals and parents.

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