Effects of Irrigation and Potassium Fertilizer Applications on Jujube Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-711
Author(s):  
Pengrui Ai ◽  
Yingjie Ma ◽  
Ying Hai
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
List Type ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Severe Water Deficit

Highlights Moderate water deficit will help reduce agricultural investment. Application of potassium fertilizer can alleviate the effect of water deficit on fruit trees. Reasonable ratio of water and fertilizer is helpful to improve economic benefits. Abstract . The jujube planting industry is a key agricultural industry in Xinjiang, China. With an arid climate and limited water resources, Xinjiang must implement more efficient water-saving irrigation systems to guarantee the sustainable development of jujube planting industry. A two-factor, three-level test was adopted to explore how regulated deficit irrigation and different potassium fertilizer levels affected the growth and yield of jujube under drip irrigation. The results of analysis of variance showed that water deficit significantly affected photosynthetic characteristics, growth parameters, evapotranspiration, and yield. The effect of K-application level was focused on fruit volume and yield. However, when the ratio of water to fertilizer is unbalanced (150% K-application + severe water deficit), the growth of jujube trees be inhibited, and the fruit volume and economic benefits reduced by 7% and 11%, respectively. Means comparison indicated that growth parameters, evaporation, and yield under minor water deficit was lower than that under the adequate irrigation by 7%, 13%, and 6%, respectively; and economic performance was higher by 12%. Severe water deficit reduced growth parameters and economic benefits by 33% and 55%, respectively. Thus, minor water deficit irrigation significantly inhibited luxury transpiration and growth redundancy, improved water-use efficiency and increased economic performance. Severer water deficit may damage trees and negatively affect the jujube industry. With economic benefit analysis, 150% K-application with adequate irrigation and minor water deficit, 100% K-application with adequate irrigation and minor water deficit, 50% K-application with minor water deficit all achieve high economic benefits (14074~17261 RmB ha-1). However, when taking water restrictions, the environmental and economic costs of fertilizer, and the long-term effects of tree development into account, application of 100% K-application with minor water deficit (irrigation, 75% ETc; fertilizer, 200 kg ha-1 compound fertilizer+360 kg ha-1 potassium fertilizer) is recommended. Keywords: Deficit irrigation, Economic benefit, Potassium fertilizer, Yield.

scholarly journals Polyhalite Positively Influences the Growth, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Potassium and Calcium-Deficient Soils in the Semi-Arid Tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10689
Author(s):  
Rajan Bhatt ◽  
Paramjit Singh ◽  
Omar M. Ali ◽  
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef ◽  
Alison M. Laing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid tropics, sugarcane yield and quality are affected by deficiencies in soil nutrients, including potassium and calcium. We examined the effects of two different potassium fertilizers, a traditional muriate of potash (MOP) and polyhalite (which contains potassium and calcium), on sugarcane growth, yield, and quality. Experimental treatments compared a control 0 kg K ha−1 (T1) to potassium applied as MOP only at 80 kg K ha−1 (T2) and at 120 kg K ha−1 (T3), and potassium applied as an equal split of MOP and polyhalite at 80 kg K ha−1 (T4) and at 120 kg K ha−1 (T5). Relative to the control the potassium-enhanced treatments had improved rates of key growth parameters, and of cane yields, which were 4.4, 6.2, 8.2, and 9.9% higher in T2, T3, T4,, and T5, respectively, than in T1. Regardless of fertilizer used, potassium applied at 80 kg K ha−1 achieved the highest sugar purity and commercial cane sugar content. All potassium fertilizer treatments had reduced (although non-significant) incidences of three key sugarcane insect pests. The economic benefits of polyhalite were reduced due to its higher cost relative to MOP. Combining MOP and polyhalite equally to achieve an application rate of 80 kg K ha−1 is recommended to enhance sugarcane growth and yield.

scholarly journals Effects of Earthing up and Pruning Systems on Yield and Net Economic Benefit of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon)

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
I. K. Keter ◽  
G. Oloo-Abucheli ◽  
M. Muraya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Related

Tomato is a popular and extensively cultivated vegetable among the promising commodities in horticultural production in Kenya. It provides a wide variety of nutrients with many health-related benefits. Despite the importance, its yield and net economic benefits is limited by the cultural practices applied by farmers. There is limited knowledge on the effect of integrating pruning and earthing up on tomato yield and net economic benefit. This study investigated the effect of integration of pruning and earthing up on the growth and yield of tomatoes. A split-plot experimental design, arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design, with three replications was used. The study investigated two factors i.e. pruning system in the main plot (single stem, double stem, and triple stem) and earthing up in sub-plots. (0 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm). Fruit yield data was taken after each harvest. Data were analysed using SAS version 9.4 and significant means were separated using the least significant difference at α = .05. The findings of the study revealed that earthing up and pruning system had a significant (p ˂ .05) effect on tomato yield and net economic benefit. Triple stem pruning system, earthing up to 30 cm had the highest fruit yield with 21.82 tonnes/hectare in cultivation 1 and 21.84 tonnes/hectare in cultivation 2. The findings also revealed that triple stem pruning system, earthing up to 30 cm had the highest net economic benefit per hectare in both cultivation 1 and cultivation 2. To improve tomato yield and consequently improve net economic benefit, farmers are encouraged to consider triple stem pruning system and earthing up to level 30 cm.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF BORON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF OFF-SEASON CAULIFLOWER (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. BOTRYTIS) IN ARGHAKHANCHI, NEPAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Srijana Pandey ◽  
Sapana Parajuli ◽  
Biplov Oli ◽  
Surya Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Different Doses

The research was conducted at Beltari Sandhikharka-10, Arghakhanchi district to study about the effect of various doses of boron on growth and yield attributing characters of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) during off-season from February to June in 2020. Five treatments; B0 (control/no application), B1: 2kg/ha, B2: 4kg/ha, B3: 6kg/ha, B4: 8kg/ha which are the different doses of boron application were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant leaf length and leaf breadth of largest leaf were recorded multiple times with 15 days interval. Days to curd initiation and Days from curd initiation to harvest were recorded by regular field observation. The yield parameters; curd weight with leaves, Marketable curd weight, average curd yield, incidence of hollowing were recorded during harvest. The economics from application of boron doses in cauliflower production was obtained in terms of cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns, and benefit cost ratio. The result showed that the growth and yield attributing characters of cauliflower were significantly affected by application of boron in which the value of these parameters was found significantly higher in B1 followed by other treatments. The average curd yield of cauliflower in B1 was found to be 12.39 mt/ha which was 48.92% higher than that of B0 with curd yield 8.32 mt/ha. Similarly, the net return was found significantly the highest in B1 and the lowest in B0. The result showed that application of boron in the range of 2-4 kg/ha is preferred to control and higher doses in respect of both productivity and economics.

Effectiveness of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer choice for improving growth and yield of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) during dry season

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Sukanta Pal ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Hirak Banerjee ◽  
Lhingneikim Lhungdim
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Dry Seasons

Effect of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer on growth and productivity of hybrid rice (cv. PHB 71) was assessed during dry seasons of 2017 and 2018 at Research Farm of BCKV under new alluvial zone of West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations having 4 levels of N and 3 types of bio-fertilizer replicated thrice. Application at 180 kg N/ha produced tallest plants at 90 DAT with maximum LAI (60 DAT), DMA (90 DAT), tillers/hill (90 DAT) and CGR (30-60 & 60-90 DAT). The same N rate resulted in highest panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain weight. A decrease in N dose from 180 to 150 kg/ha caused reduction in all those yield components; however, the variation was non-significant except for number of panicles/m2. Maximum grain yield, straw yield and harvest index was also achieved with 180 kg N/ha accounting 120.1, 34.9 and 32.8% more than the values obtained with zero-N; however, it was statistically at par with the yields and HI obtained with 150 kg N/ha. The Azospirillum application increased all the growth parameters, yield components and yield of hybrid rice over other tested bio-fertilizers (Azospirillum > PSB > K mobilizer), accounting 5.9 and 8.8% more than the yields obtained with PSB and K mobilizer. The interaction of N and bio-fertilizer exerted significant effect on growth attributes but failed to record any significant variations in yield components and yield of hybrid rice. The maximum economic benefit was achieved with combined application of 180 kg N/ha and Azospirillum.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic efficiency and production of cowpea cultivars under deficit irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Soares de Melo ◽  
Allisson Rafael Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alexson Filgueiras Dutra ◽  
Wellison Filgueiras Dutra ◽  
Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars

Cowpea is a crop with great economic, social and food importance in semi-arid regions, but its production is drastically reduced by the water deficit in these regions, requiring better management strategies that allow the crop’s production. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic efficiency and production of cowpea cultivars under deficit irrigation replacement levels. The experiment tested three cowpea genotypes (G1 = ‘BRS Aracé’, G2 = ‘BR 17 Gurguéia’ and G3 = ‘BRS Marataoã’) and four irrigation depths (40, 60, 80 and 100% of ETc), resulting in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, arranged in randomized complete blocks design with four replicates. During the experiment, the gas exchanges, chlorophyll a fluorescence and production of the cowpea genotypes under deficit irrigation were evaluated. Carbon fixation in the photosynthetic metabolism of cowpea plants was reduced by accentuated water deficit, regardless of the genotype. The low stress severity was indicated by the lack of effects on chlorophyll fluorescence, indicating that the reduction in the rate of carbon assimilation was due to the stomatal effects. The irrigation with 80% of ETc can be used in the cultivation of the respective cultivars, but with small losses in the production. Among the genotypes, ‘BRS Marataoã’ stands out with respect to yield, with higher values for weight of pods and green beans.

Productivity of water, growth and yield of olive trees under deficit irrigation

2018 ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
S. Naoum ◽  
A. Albalawneh ◽  
S. Ayoub ◽  
M. Diab ◽  
I. Amayreh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Olive Trees
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