Sorption of Escherichia coli in Agricultural Soils Influenced by Swine Manure Constituents

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Guzman ◽  
G. A. Fox ◽  
C. J. Penn
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Swine Manure

Dynamics of Escherichia coli in agricultural soils receiving swine manure slurry or liquid municipal biosolids

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Scott ◽  
Ken Conn ◽  
George Lazarovits ◽  
Edward Topp
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Municipal Biosolids ◽  
Manure Slurry

The fate of two E. coli stains, one that grows in soil receiving swine manure slurry (SMS) (Strain C279) and one that does not (Strain C278) were evaluated in laboratory and field experiments. A sensitive (detection limit 5 cells g soil-1) microplate-format most probable number (MPN) method for enumerating E. coli was developed and validated. In laboratory incubations, there was a general relationship between manure volatile fatty acid (VFA) content and the ability of the SMS to support growth in soil. Strain C279 grew in SMS-amended loam or sandy soil, but not in silt loam soil. Swine manure slurry inoculated with both Strains C278 and C279 was surface or subsurface applied in field microplots. The population of E. coli increased 50-fold within 3 d, and the ratio of Strain C279 to Strain C278 increased as much as 20-fold during the experiment, consistent with the growth of Strain C279 under these circumstances. Liquid municipal biosolids (LMB) obtained from four cities did not support the growth of Strain C279. The dynamics of E. coli populations in soils receiving surface and subsurface (10 cm) applications of SMS were comparable. Key words: Escherichia coli, water quality, liquid municipal biosolids, swine manure slurry

scholarly journals Phosphorus Runoff from Soils Receiving Liquid Dairy and Swine Manures Amended with Mine Drainage Residual

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358
Author(s):  
Clinton D. Church ◽  
Robert S. Hedin ◽  
Ray B. Bryant ◽  
Amy G. Wolfe ◽  
John T. Spargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
List Type ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Manure Slurry

HighlightsConcern over nutrient runoff from agriculture has prompted research to limit phosphorus (P) mobility.Mine drainage residuals (MDRs) can reduce phosphorus solubility in soils, sediments and liquid manure slurries.MDR amendment resulted in lower dissolved phosphorus in runoff from sites treated with dairy manure slurry, but not with swine manure slurry.This study underscores the value of testing under field conditions before making recommendations.Abstract. Concern over nutrient runoff from agriculture has prompted considerable research on amendments to limit phosphorus (P) solubility of manure slurries and P mobility following land application of the slurry. The concept of solving one industry’s problem with another industry’s problem is attractive, but successful examples are uncommon. Mine drainage residual (MDR), generated from the process of neutralizing acid discharge from coal mines, has been shown to reduce soluble P in soils, sediments and manure slurries. We therefore sought to test whether amending manure slurries with MDR was effective at reducing P in runoff once that slurry was applied to agricultural soils. A series of simulated rainfall experiments revealed that amending dairy manure slurry with MDR resulted in significantly less flow weighted dissolved P concentrations and loads in runoff. However, the same effect was not observed with runoff from soils amended with swine manure slurry, despite a greater reduction of water extractable P in swine manure slurry with MDR addition than in dairy manure slurry. This study underscores the value of testing amendments under field conditions before making manure management recommendations. Keywords: Manure, Phosphorus, Mine drainage residual, Engineered treatment, Simulated rainfall.

Non-growing season nitrous oxide fluxes from an agricultural soil as affected by application of liquid and composted swine manure

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumudinie A. Kariyapperuma ◽  
Adriana Furon ◽  
Claudia Wagner-Riddle
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Soil N

Kariyapperuma, K. A., Furon, A. and Wagner-Riddle, C. 2012. Non-growing season nitrous oxide fluxes from an agricultural soil as affected by application of liquid and composted swine manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 315–327. Agricultural soils have been recognized as a significant source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, an important greenhouse gas and contributor to stratospheric ozone destruction. Application of liquid swine manure (LSM) has been reported to increase direct N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Composting of LSM with straw under forced aeration has been suggested as a mitigation practice for emissions of N2O. In cold climates, up to 70% of total annual soil N2O emissions have been observed during winter and spring thaw. Non-growing season soil N2O emissions after field application of composted swine manure (CSM) versus LSM have not been directly compared in past studies. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted at the Arkell Research Station, Ontario, Canada, as a part of a larger study to evaluate composting as a mitigation strategy for greenhouse gases (GHGs). The objectives were to quantify and compare non-growing season N2O fluxes from agricultural soils after fall application of LSM and CSM. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured using the flux-gradient method. Compared with LSM, CSM resulted in 57% reduction of soil N2O emissions during February to April in 2005, but emissions during the same period in 2006 were not affected by treatments. This effect was related to fall and winter weather conditions with the significant reduction occurring in the year when soil freezing was more pronounced. Compared with LSM, CSM resulted in a reduction of 37% (CO2-eq) of estimated N2O emissions per liter of treated manure and of 50% in the emission factor for the non-growing season.

scholarly journals Bioengineering of non-pathogenic Escherichia coli to enrich for accumulation of environmental copper

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmender K. Gahlot ◽  
Nayyer Taheri ◽  
Dhani Ram Mahato ◽  
Matthew S. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions

AbstractHeavy metal sequestration from industrial wastes and agricultural soils is a long-standing challenge. This is more critical for copper since copper pollution is hazardous both for the environment and for human health. In this study, we applied an integrated approach of Darwin’s theory of natural selection with bacterial genetic engineering to generate a biological system with an application for the accumulation of Cu2+ ions. A library of recombinant non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains was engineered to express seven potential Cu2+ binding peptides encoded by a ‘synthetic degenerate’ DNA motif and fused to Maltose Binding Protein (MBP). Most of these peptide-MBP chimeras conferred tolerance to high concentrations of copper sulphate, and in certain cases in the order of 160-fold higher than the recognised EC50 toxic levels of copper in soils. UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis indicated a molar ratio of peptide-copper complexes, while a combination of bioinformatics-based structure modelling, Cu2+ ion docking, and MD simulations of peptide-MBP chimeras corroborated the extent of Cu2+ binding among the peptides. Further, in silico analysis predicted the peptides possessed binding affinity toward a broad range of divalent metal ions. Thus, we report on an efficient, cost-effective, and environment-friendly prototype biological system that is potentially capable of copper bioaccumulation, and which could easily be adapted for the removal of other hazardous heavy metals or the bio-mining of rare metals.

scholarly journals Conjugative Plasmid Conferring Resistance to Olaquindox

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 798-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Hay Sørensen ◽  
Lars Hestbjerg Hansen ◽  
Elsebetta Johannesen ◽  
Søren J. Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT A conjugative plasmid, pOLA52, conferring resistance to the antibiotic growth promoter olaquindox has been isolated from Escherichia coli from swine manure. It also confers resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol and has a high frequency of transfer between strains of E. coli. Plasmid-borne olaquindox resistance has not been demonstrated before.

scholarly journals Survival of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4 Strain C227/11Φcu in Agricultural Soils Depends on rpoS and Environmental Factors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Katharina Detert ◽  
Herbert Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Minor Influence ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
A Minor

The consumption of contaminated fresh produce caused outbreaks of enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli. Agricultural soil might be a reservoir for EHEC strains and represent a contamination source for edible plants. Furthermore, the application of manure as fertilizer is an important contamination route. Thus, the German fertilizer ordinance prohibits the use of manure 12 weeks before crop harvest to avoid pathogen transmission into the food chain. In this study, the survival of E. coli O104:H4 strain C227/11Φcu in soil microenvironments with either diluvial sand or alluvial loam at two temperatures was investigated for more than 12 weeks. It was analyzed whether the addition of cattle manure extends EHEC survival in these microenvironments. The experiments were additionally performed with isogenic ΔrpoS and ΔfliC deletion mutants of C227/11Φcu. The survival of C227/11Φcu was highest at 4 °C, whereas the soil type had a minor influence. The addition of cattle manure increased the survival at 22 °C. Deletion of rpoS significantly decreased the survival period under all cultivation conditions, whereas fliC deletion did not have any influence. The results of our study demonstrate that EHEC C227/11Φcu is able to survive for more than 12 weeks in soil microenvironments and that RpoS is an important determinant for survival.

scholarly journals Genes Indicative of Zoonotic and Swine Pathogens Are Persistent in Stream Water and Sediment following a Swine Manure Spill

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 3430-3441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheridan K. Haack ◽  
Joseph W. Duris ◽  
Dana W. Kolpin ◽  
Lisa R. Fogarty ◽  
Heather E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Porcine Adenovirus ◽  
Stream Contamination ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACTManure spills into streams are relatively frequent, but no studies have characterized stream contamination with zoonotic and veterinary pathogens, or fecal chemicals, following a spill. We tested stream water and sediment over 25 days and downstream for 7.6 km for the following: fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), the fecal indicator chemicals cholesterol and coprostanol, 20 genes for zoonotic and swine-specific bacterial pathogens by presence/absence PCR for viable cells, one swine-specificEscherichia colitoxin gene (STII gene) by quantitative PCR (qPCR), and nine human and animal viruses by qPCR or reverse transcription-qPCR. Twelve days postspill, and 4.2 km downstream, water concentrations of FIB, cholesterol, and coprostanol were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than those detected before, or above, the spill, and genes indicating viable zoonotic or swine-infectiousEscherichia coliwere detected in water or sediment. STII gene levels increased from undetectable before or above the spill to 105copies/100 ml of water 12 days postspill. Thirteen of 14 water (8/9 sediment) samples had viable STII-carrying cells postspill. Eighteen days postspill, porcine adenovirus and teschovirus were detected 5.6 km downstream. FIB concentrations (per gram [wet weight]) in sediment were greater than in water, and sediment was a continuous reservoir of genes and chemicals postspill. Constituent concentrations were much lower, and detections less frequent, in a runoff event (200 days postspill) following manure application, although the swine-associated STII andstx2egenes were detected. Manure spills are an underappreciated pathway for livestock-derived contaminants to enter streams, with persistent environmental outcomes and the potential for human and veterinary health consequences.

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