Emitter Plugging and Drip Irrigation Lateral Line Hydraulics

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1274-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent F. Bralts ◽  
I-Pai Wu ◽  
Harris M. Gitlin
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Drip System of Irrigation used for Cultivating Tomato in Premises of the Centre of Excellence Protected Cultivation, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Vijay Sahu ◽  
Jeet Raj ◽  
Sanket Kolambe ◽  
. Aman
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flow Variation ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Centre Of Excellence ◽  
Lateral Lines

A technical report was conducted for checking performance assessment of drip irrigation system which was used for cultivating tomato in premises of the Centre of Excellence Protected Cultivation, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). A uniformity coefficient was found for drip irrigation system which ranges from 73.2 % to 83.6%. The coefficient of variance varies between 0.0055 to 0.0068 for the measured discharges of four laterals laid in the field. It shows that there is the least variation between the obtained flow rates of different laterals under study. The application efficiency of four different lateral lines operating at a pressure of 1.25 kg/cm2 was calculated and it found to be more than 90.00 %, excluding lateral line (L2). Almost same amount of flow variation (8-9%) is found in lateral lines L1, L3 and L4, although Lateral line (L2) discharges 11.00 % more water among others. The maximum flow variation was found for the lateral line (L3) and the least flow variation was for the lateral line (L1). The distribution efficiency of all the laterals was found more than 97.45 %.

scholarly journals Effect of drip irrigation circuits design and lateral line length on: II-flow velocity and velocity head

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tayel ◽  
David Lightfoot ◽  
Hani Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Velocity Head

scholarly journals Estimating water application efficiency for drip irrigation emitter patterns on banana

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 730-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisson Jadavi Pereira da Silva ◽  
Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Jarbas Honorio de Miranda ◽  
Stephen Ray Workman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Application Efficiency ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Water Application Efficiency ◽  
Drip Irrigation Emitter

The objective of this work was to evaluate root and water distribution in irrigated banana (Musa sp.), in order to determine the water application efficiency for different drip irrigation emitter patterns. Three drip emitter patterns were studied: two 4-L h-1 emitters per plant (T1), four 4-L h-1 emitters per plant (T2), and five 4-L h-1 emitters per plant (T3). The emitters were placed in a lateral line. In the treatment T3, the emitters formed a continuous strip. The cultivated area used was planted with banana cultivar BRS Tropical, with a 3-m spacing between rows and a 2.5-m spacing between plants. Soil moisture and root length data were collected during the first production cycle at five radial distances and depths, in a 0.20x0.20 m vertical grid. The experiment was carried out in a sandy clay loam Xanthic Hapludox. Soil moisture data were collected every 10 min for a period of five days using TDR probes. Water application efficiency was of 83, 88 and 92% for the systems with two, four and five emitters per plant, respectively. It was verified that an increase in the number of emitters in the lateral line promoted better root distribution, higher water extraction, and less deep percolation losses.

scholarly journals Subsurface Drip Lateral Line Depths to Protect against Root Intrusion

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2285
Author(s):  
Guo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Initial Flow ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Line Depth

Root intrusion into emitters poses a threat to the lifespan of subsurface drip irrigation systems. In an attempt to address this problem, an experiment was conducted on spring wheat (Mengmai 30) grown in soil columns installed in a greenhouse to study the effects of lateral line depths to reduce root intrusion into emitters. The soil columns are rectangular containers, and the dimensions were 15 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm. The soil matric potential at a 20 cm depth immediately over (lateral line depth <20 cm), under (lateral line depth >20 cm), or next to (lateral line depth = 20 cm) the drip emitters was used to schedule the subsurface drip irrigation regime. Five different lateral line depths, with depths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm, were maintained. The lateral line depths influenced the spring wheat root distribution, emitter flow rate, root intrusion, and spring wheat yield and quality. Results indicated that the shallower the lateral line depth, the more root was distributed in the surface layer. Root density values increased with soil depth. The emitter flow rate (eventual flow rate divided by the initial flow rate) increased as the lateral line depth decreased. All the treatments had root intrusion except 50 cm treatment. Root intrusion increased as the lateral line depth decreased. The lowest root intrusion rate (0%) was achieved with a lateral line depth of 50 cm. The greatest relative yield was achieved with a lateral line depth of 30 cm. After root intrusion and yield were both considered, the lateral line depth of 30–40 cm was a better choice.

scholarly journals Effects of drip irrigation circuit design and lateral line lengths: I—On pressure and friction loss

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 392-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tayel ◽  
David Lightfoot ◽  
Hani Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Design ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Friction Loss

Model to Increase the Lateral Line Length of Drip Irrigation Systems

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAO CARLOS CURY SAAD ◽  
RAFAEL LUDWIG ◽  
JOAO CARLOS CURY SAAD ◽  
RAFAEL LUDWIG
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Irrigation Systems

Drip Irrigation Lateral Line Network Design

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 0675-0685 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. p. Wu ◽  
H. M. Gitlin
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Line Network

A Study on the Fine Structure of the Lateral Line Organ of the Sea Eel

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
K. Hama
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Sensory Epithelia ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Transmission Electron

The lateral line organs of the sea eel consist of canal and pit organs which are different in function. The former is a low frequency vibration detector whereas the latter functions as an ion receptor as well as a mechano receptor.The fine structure of the sensory epithelia of both organs were studied by means of ordinary transmission electron microscope, high voltage electron microscope and of surface scanning electron microscope.The sensory cells of the canal organ are polarized in front-caudal direction and those of the pit organ are polarized in dorso-ventral direction. The sensory epithelia of both organs have thinner surface coats compared to the surrounding ordinary epithelial cells, which have very thick fuzzy coatings on the apical surface.

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