A NEW STATISTICAL BIOMECHANICS APPROACH TO MODELING BONE STRENGTH IN TURKEYS AND BROILER CHICKENS

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1997-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. O. Soboyejo ◽  
K. E. Nestor
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Broiler Chickens

scholarly journals A New Statistical Biomechanics Modeling of Physical and Biochemical Bone Strength Parameters

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred B. O. Soboyejo ◽  
Karl E. Nestor
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters

Abstract New multiparameter biomechanics models are developed in this work for the characterization of bone strengths in broiler chickens and turkeys, as functions of the major physical and biochemical parameters, which can contribute to mechanical properties of bone strengths in these birds, under good management practices. Theoretical and experimental methods have been developed in this study to model bone strength as functions of (a) the physical parameters only and (b) the biochemical parameters only, which can affect bone strength. The choice of any particular methodology will depend on the availability of either the physical or biochemical parameters, which can be obtained from experimental data. Possible useful practical applications of the statistical biomechanics principles developed in this technical paper, particularly in the field of bone strength enhancement in turkeys and broiler chickens will be discussed. In view of the problems described, the major objectives of the present study are as follows: (1) To develop new multiparameter biomechanics models for the characterization of bone strengths in turkeys and broiler chickens as functions of the major physical only, or biomechanical parameters only, which can contribute to bone strength in these birds, under conditions of good management of these birds. This study will consider only the compressive buckling as the mode of structural failure in the cellular material of the bone. (2) To highlight briefly the possible practical applications of the statistical biomechanics principles, which will be developed in this study to the genetic improvement of bone strengths in broiler chickens and turkeys.

scholarly journals Effect of the use of golden mussel flour contaminated with lead as a source of calcium on the performance of broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 2783
Author(s):  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior ◽  
Cinthia Eyng ◽  
Leandro Dalcin Castilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Golden Mussel

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of lead contaminated golden mussel flour (GMF) as a source of calcium for broiler chickens from 14 to 42 days of age and to verify the probable effects on performance, tissue contamination, blood parameters, Pb digestibility, and bone quality. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (DIC), with four levels of Pb contamination (71.33, 147.55, 223.78, and 300 mg kg-1 Pb) in GMF, with five replicates and three birds per experimental unit. Sixty-four-day-old Cobb male broilers housed in metabolism cages were used. GMF was added to rations instead of calcitic limestone. The zootechnical variables were evaluated: feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion, as well as the digestibility of nutrients. In addition, the serum biochemistry of the birds transaminases, total bilirubin, calcium, and phosphate was studied and the concentration of lead in the tissues and the bone quality of the birds was determined. The tibia was collected for evaluation of bone quality. The levels of Pb contamination in the golden mussel did not change the performance of the birds (P ? 0.05) or the Pb levels in the muscle Pectoralis major, skin, liver, feather, bones, and serum, or the serum levels of ALT, GGT, and total bilirubin, however, there was an effect of Pb levels (P < 0.01) on AST concentrations. Pb levels altered the values (P < 0.01) of the apparent digestible Pb and the coefficient of apparent digestibility of Pb, with an increasing linear effect. There was no effect (P ? 0.05) on bone stiffness, however flexibility and bone strength were altered (P < 0.05). Serum Ca and P concentrations did not show changes (P ? 0.05) due to the use of Pb levels in GMF. In this study, it can be observed that the use of GMF with Pb up to 300 mg kg-1 as a source of Ca in broiler diets does not alter performance, however the use of GMF contaminated with Pb above 73.33 mg kg-1 promotes contamination of the tissues of the animals with Pb, making it impossible to consume the birds. It was concluded that the increase in Pb concentrations in GMF increases the digestibility and metabolism of this metal and causes an increase in the production of AST by the liver. Pb levels in GMF above 214.11 mg kg-1 impair bone strength and flexibility.

scholarly journals A diet high in n‐3 PUFA increases bone strength in broiler chickens

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Davidson ◽  
Michael L. Draney ◽  
Ryan V. Probst ◽  
N. Paul Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Broiler Chickens

scholarly journals The effect of calcium and magnesium supplementation on performance and bone strength of broiler chickens

10.5219/710 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Karásek ◽  
Hana Štenclová ◽  
Ondřej Šťastník ◽  
Eva Mrkvicová ◽  
Leoš Pavlata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Magnesium Supplementation ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

scholarly journals Effects of housing systems on behavioural assessment, bone morphometry and faecal egg counts of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
R. O. Olaifa ◽  
R. O. Olaifa ◽  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
S. T. Oloyede ◽  
K. K. Safiyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Bone Morphometry ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Behavioural Assessment ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts

Animals that are well-managed thrive and produce better than those kept under conditions which do not take full consideration of their behavioural and welfare needs. This experiment was conducted with one hundred and eighty unsexed one day-old Marshall and Arbor Acre breeds of broiler chickens to investigate the effects of housing systems on behavioural assessment, bone morphometry and faecal egg counts. The birds were brooded for three weeks and acclimatized for one week in their respective housing systems. Each of the housing systems (deep litter and outdoor run) was allotted 90 birds with 45 chicks per breed in three replicates of 15 birds each after balancing for body weights. The birds were fed same quality and quantity of feed and water ad libitum throughout the period of the experiment which lasted for four weeks. Data were collected on behavioural observations, bone morphometry and faecal samples were analyzed to determine the helminthes egg per gram. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial layout in a completely randomized design. The results of behavioural assessment showed that the two breeds of broiler chickens expressed more (p<0.05) of their natural instincts in the outdoor run compared with their counterparts on deep litter housing system. Irrespective of breeds, birds reared on outdoor run had higher (p<0.05) bone strength (14.61N/mm2) compared with those on deep litter (10.68N/mm 2). Also, the result of faecal egg counts showed that broiler chickens reared on deep litter had a higher incidence of intestinal helminthes compared with those managed on outdoor run. It was concluded that outdoor run could be adopted to enhance more expression of natural behaviours, better bone strength and reduced incidence of intestinal helminthes in Marshall and Arbor Acre breeds of broiler chickens.

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