Winter Cover Crop Effects on Nitrate Leaching in Subsurface Drainage as Simulated by RZWQM-DSSAT

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
R. W. Malone ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
T. C. Kaspar ◽  
D. B. Jaynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover

scholarly journals Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 5239-5253 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-Y. Yeo ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
A. M. Sadeghi ◽  
P. C. Beeson ◽  
W. D. Hively ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Nitrate Export ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

Abstract. Winter cover crops are an effective conservation management practice with potential to improve water quality. Throughout the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW), which is located in the mid-Atlantic US, winter cover crop use has been emphasized, and federal and state cost-share programs are available to farmers to subsidize the cost of cover crop establishment. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term effect of planting winter cover crops to improve water quality at the watershed scale (~ 50 km2) and to identify critical source areas of high nitrate export. A physically based watershed simulation model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was calibrated and validated using water quality monitoring data to simulate hydrological processes and agricultural nutrient cycling over the period of 1990–2000. To accurately simulate winter cover crop biomass in relation to growing conditions, a new approach was developed to further calibrate plant growth parameters that control the leaf area development curve using multitemporal satellite-based measurements of species-specific winter cover crop performance. Multiple SWAT scenarios were developed to obtain baseline information on nitrate loading without winter cover crops and to investigate how nitrate loading could change under different winter cover crop planting scenarios, including different species, planting dates, and implementation areas. The simulation results indicate that winter cover crops have a negligible impact on the water budget but significantly reduce nitrate leaching to groundwater and delivery to the waterways. Without winter cover crops, annual nitrate loading from agricultural lands was approximately 14 kg ha−1, but decreased to 4.6–10.1 kg ha−1 with cover crops resulting in a reduction rate of 27–67% at the watershed scale. Rye was the most effective species, with a potential to reduce nitrate leaching by up to 93% with early planting at the field scale. Early planting of cover crops (~ 30 days of additional growing days) was crucial, as it lowered nitrate export by an additional ~ 2 kg ha−1 when compared to late planting scenarios. The effectiveness of cover cropping increased with increasing extent of cover crop implementation. Agricultural fields with well-drained soils and those that were more frequently used to grow corn had a higher potential for nitrate leaching and export to the waterways. This study supports the effective implementation of cover crop programs, in part by helping to target critical pollution source areas for cover crop implementation.

Winter Nitrate Leaching under Different Tillage and Winter Cover Crop Management Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1391-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Fraser ◽  
D. Curtin ◽  
T. Harrison-Kirk ◽  
E. D. Meenken ◽  
M. H. Beare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover

scholarly journals Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 14229-14263 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-Y. Yeo ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
A. M. Sadeghi ◽  
P. C. Beeson ◽  
W. D. Hively ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Nitrate Export ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

Abstract. Winter cover crops are an effective conservation management practice with potential to improve water quality. Throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW), which is located in the Mid-Atlantic US, winter cover crop use has been emphasized and federal and state cost-share programs are available to farmers to subsidize the cost of winter cover crop establishment. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term effect of planting winter cover crops at the watershed scale and to identify critical source areas of high nitrate export. A physically-based watershed simulation model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was calibrated and validated using water quality monitoring data and satellite-based estimates of winter cover crop species performance to simulate hydrological processes and nutrient cycling over the period of 1991–2000. Multiple scenarios were developed to obtain baseline information on nitrate loading without winter cover crops planted and to investigate how nitrate loading could change with different winter cover crop planting scenarios, including different species, planting times, and implementation areas. The results indicate that winter cover crops had a negligible impact on water budget, but significantly reduced nitrate leaching to groundwater and delivery to the waterways. Without winter cover crops, annual nitrate loading was approximately 14 kg ha−1, but it decreased to 4.6–10.1 kg ha−1 with winter cover crops resulting in a reduction rate of 27–67% at the watershed scale. Rye was most effective, with a potential to reduce nitrate leaching by up to 93% with early planting at the field scale. Early planting of winter cover crops (~30 days of additional growing days) was crucial, as it lowered nitrate export by an additional ~2 kg ha−1 when compared to late planting scenarios. The effectiveness of cover cropping increased with increasing extent of winter cover crop implementation. Agricultural fields with well-drained soils and those that were more frequently used to grow corn had a higher potential for nitrate leaching and export to the waterways. This study supports the effective implement of winter cover crop programs, in part by helping to target critical pollution source areas for winter cover crop implementation.

Winter Cover Crop and Management Effects on Summer and Annual Nutrient Yields

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 946-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Rowe ◽  
Timothy E. Fairbrother ◽  
Karamat A. Sistani
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Management Effects

Influence of Winter Cover Crop Mulch on Arthropods in a Reduced Tillage Cucurbit System

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L Buchanan ◽  
Cerruti R R Hooks
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover

scholarly journals Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nitrogen concentration

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna M. Barel ◽  
Thomas W. Kuyper ◽  
Wietse de Boer ◽  
Jacob C. Douma ◽  
Gerlinde B. De Deyn
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Crop Biomass
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