Operating Characteristics of a High-Efficiency Pilot Scale Corn Distillers Grain Dryer

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J Bern ◽  
Michael B Pate ◽  
Steve Shivvers
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Corn Distillers

scholarly journals Research on the Operating Characteristics of Hydraulic Free-Piston Engines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3530
Author(s):  
Fukang Ma ◽  
Shuanlu Zhang ◽  
Zhenfeng Zhao ◽  
Yifang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Piston Engine ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Free Piston Engine

The hydraulic free-piston engine (HFPE) is a kind of hybrid-powered machine which combines the reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine and the plunger pump as a whole. In recent years, the HFPE has been investigated by a number of research groups worldwide due to its potential advantages of high efficiency, energy savings, reduced emissions and multi-fuel operation. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the operating characteristics, core questions and research progress of HFPEs via a systematic review and meta-analysis. We included operational control, starting characteristics, misfire characteristics, in-cylinder working processes and operating stability. We conducted the literature search using electronic databases. The research on HFPEs has mainly concentrated on four kinds of free-piston engine, according to piston arrangement form: single piston, dual pistons, opposed pistons and four-cylinder complex configuration. HFPE research in China is mainly conducted in Zhejiang University, Tianjin University, Jilin University and the Beijing Institute of Technology. In addition, in China, research has mainly focused on the in-cylinder combustion process while a piston is free by considering in-cylinder combustion machinery and piston dynamics. Regarding future research, it is very important that we solve the instabilities brought about by chance fluctuations in the combustion process, which will involve the hydraulic system’s efficiency, the cyclical variation, the method of predicting instability and the recovery after instability.

scholarly journals Effect of Optical and Morphological Control of Single-Structured LEC Device

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Woo Jin Jeong ◽  
Jong Ik Lee ◽  
Hee Jung Kwak ◽  
Jae Min Jeon ◽  
Dong Yeol Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Emission Layer ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Stable Operating

We investigated the performance of single-structured light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) devices with Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 polymer composite as an emission layer by controlling thickness and heat treatment. When the thickness was smaller than 120–150 nm, the device performance decreased because of the low optical properties and non-dense surface properties. On the other hand, when the thickness was over than 150 nm, the device had too high surface roughness, resulting in high-efficiency roll-off and poor device stability. With 150 nm thickness, the absorbance increased, and the surface roughness was low and dense, resulting in increased device characteristics and better stability. The heat treatment effect further improved the surface properties, thus improving the device characteristics. In particular, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) reduction rate was shallow at 100 °C, which indicates that the LEC device has stable operating characteristics. The LEC device exhibited a maximum luminance of 3532 cd/m2 and an EQE of 1.14% under 150 nm thickness and 100 °C heat treatment.

scholarly journals Low-pressure reversible axial fan with straight profile blades and relatively high efficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zivan Spasic ◽  
Sasa Milanovic ◽  
Vanja Sustersic ◽  
Boban Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Suction Side ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Blade Profile ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Axial Fan ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency

The paper presents the design and operating characteristics of a model of reversible axial fan with only one impeller, whose reversibility is achieved by changing the direction of rotation. The fan is designed for the purpose of providing alternating air circulation in wood dryers in order to reduce the consumption of electricity for the fan and increase energy efficiency of the entire dryer. To satisfy the reversibility of flow, the shape of the blade profile is symmetrical along the longitudinal and transversal axes of the profile. The fan is designed with equal specific work of all elementary stages, using the method of lift forces. The impeller blades have straight mean line profiles. The shape of the blade profile was adopted after the numerical simulations were carried out and high efficiency was achieved. Based on the calculation and conducted numerical simulations, a physical model of the fan was created and tested on a standard test rig, with air loading at the suction side of the fan. The operating characteristics are shown for different blade angles. The obtained maximum efficiency was around 0.65, which represents a rather high value for axial fans with straight profile blades.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Material Type and Proportion on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Vegetation-Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daxiang Liu ◽  
Baohua Zhang ◽  
Yueshu Yang ◽  
Wennian Xu ◽  
Yu Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Protection Engineering

Vegetation-concrete is one of the most widely used substrates in ecological slope protection engineering. The porosity of the vegetation-concrete must be high enough to satisfy the growth needs of the plant roots, while the mechanical properties must be strong enough to satisfy the self-stability requirement of the substrates on the slope. It is necessary to balance these two aspects in the design of vegetation-concrete. As one of the main components in vegetation-concrete, organic material has a remarkable effect on both the porosity and the mechanical properties of the substrate. In this paper, four types of common organic materials (rice husks, sawdust, and corn distillers’ and unhulled rice distillers’ grain) are chosen to research the effect of the organic material type and proportion on the porosity and mechanical properties of the substrate. The experimental results show that the porosity of samples containing corn distillers’ grain is clearly higher than those of the other samples types, while situation of the mechanical properties is the opposite. It can be concluded that organic material with a large grain size is not suitable for use in vegetation-concrete directly and needs to be crushed before use to prevent crack formation. The research results also show that the rates of increase in porosity decrease with more organic material added, while the rates of decrease in the unconfined compressive strength and the elasticity modulus increase. From a comprehensive consideration of the required mechanical properties and plant growth, organic material with a small grain size is most suitable for use in vegetation-concrete, and the suitable proportion is between 7% and 9%.

A study of a pilot-scale biogas bio-filter system for utilization on pig farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-J. SU ◽  
Y.-J. CHEN ◽  
Y.-C. CHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Tree Fern ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Tree

SUMMARYCombustion of biogas containing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) yields highly corrosive sulphur oxides, thereby limiting the use of biogas for heat and power generation. The current study developed and tested a pilot-scale biogas bio-filter system (BBS) to replace conventional water scrubbing systems at a commercial pig farm in Miaoli County, Taiwan. A 62·8-litre pilot-scale BBS, packed with dried aerial roots from the common tree fern (Sphaeropteris lepifera) and a mixture of dried aerial roots and plastic rings as bio-carriers and inoculated with sulphur oxidizing bacteria, was installed at a commercial pig farm. H2S concentration was 5600 mg/m3 and the biogas flow rate was 4 litres/min. The pilot-scale BBS could remove 26·9 g H2S/m3/h using a bio-filter that operated at a 7% (v/v) O2 level continuously for >200 days. It was found that most H2S was oxidized to elemental sulphur (S0) and accumulated on the surface of the dried aerial roots (0·084 g S0/g aerial root) in the BBS. The dried aerial roots and plastic Raschig ring mixture was more efficent at sulphur dioxide removal than the dried aerial roots on their own. The pH and sulphate (SO42−) concentrations of water dropping from the BBS were 1·6 ± 1·0 and 28 680 ± 8253 mg/l, respectively. However, sulphur is the dominant product of sulphur oxidizers at the 7% O2 level. Periodical flushing of the bio-filter with the effluent from the wastewater treatment system on the farm can maintain high efficiency of H2S removal.

The Research on Direct Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator Vector Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 798-802
Author(s):  
Jia Ying Zhang ◽  
Li Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator ◽  
Wind Generator

Direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator have the advantages of direct drive, simple structure, high efficiency and so on, in which make it become one of mainstream models within MW wind turbine presently. Making the direct drive permanent magnet wind power generation system as the main research object, based on the principle of the operating characteristics of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generator ( DDPMG ), establish mathematical model of the whole system including wind turbine, direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator and machine side converter, applying the method of stator flux orientation to make the study of vector control strategy, to build the simulation model of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator system with Matlab to simulate the operation of generator when wind speed changes by step, the results validate the reasonableness of the model and the correctness and feasibility of the control strategy.

Direct Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator Maximum Power Tracking Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 459-462
Author(s):  
Jia Ying Zhang ◽  
Li Ping Zhang ◽  
Gui Ling Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Wind Generator

Direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator have the advantages of direct drive, simple structure, high efficiency and so on, in which make it become one of mainstream models within MW wind turbine presently. Making the direct drive permanent magnet wind power generation system as the main research object, based on the principle of the operating characteristics of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generator ( DDPMG ), establish mathematical model of the whole system including wind velocity, wind turbine, direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator and machine side converter, Appling the method of stator flux orientation to make the study of vector control strategy, to build the simulation model of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator system with Matlab and simulate when wind speed changes by step, the results validate the reasonableness of the model and the correctness and feasibility of the control strategy.

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