THE IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE AND SHALLOW HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS ON THE MAGNITUDE AND SPATIAL PATTERN CONSISTENCY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASURED SOIL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2123-2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Allred ◽  
M. R. Ehsani ◽  
D. Saraswat
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydrologic Conditions

scholarly journals Optimization on theBuried Depth of Subsurface Drainage under Greenhouse Condition Based on Entropy Evaluation Method

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maomao Hou ◽  
Zhiyuan Lin ◽  
Jingnan Chen ◽  
Yaming Zhai ◽  
Qiu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Numerous indicators under the plant-soil system should be taken into consideration when developing an appropriate agricultural water conservancy project. Entropy evaluation method offers excellent prospects in optimizing agricultural management schemes. To investigate the impact of different buried depths (30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 cm) of subsurface drainage pipes on greenhouse plant-soil systems, the tomato was employed as plant material, and the marketable yield, fruit sugar to acid ratio, soil electrical conductivity, nitrogen loss rate, as well as crop water and fertilizer use efficiency were observed. Based on these indicators, the entropy evaluation method was used to select the optimal buried depth of subsurface drainage pipes. Both the calculation results of objective and subjective weights indicated that tomato yield and soil electrical conductivity were relatively more crucial than other indexes, and their comprehensive weights were 0.43 and 0.34, respectively. The 45 cm buried depth possessed the optimal comprehensive benefits, with entropy evaluation value of 0.94. Under 45 cm buried depth, the loss rate of soil available nitrogen was 13.9%, the decrease rate of soil salinity was 49.2%, and the tomato yield, sugar to acid ratio, nitrogen use efficiency, and water use efficiency were 112 kg·ha−1, 8.3, 39.7%, and 42.0%, respectively.

A RAPID METHOD FOR ESTIMATING WEIGHTED SOIL SALINITY FROM APPARENT SOIL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY MEASURED WITH AN ABOVEGROUND ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION METER

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. WOLLENHAUPT ◽  
J. L. RICHARDSON ◽  
J. E. FOSS ◽  
E. C. DOLL
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Survey Area ◽  
Parent Materials

This study presents a method for calibrating electromagnetic induction instrument readings with saturated paste electrical conductivity (ECe) for field mapping purposes. Each meter reading represents an integration of the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) over the meter’s response depth. To correlate the meter readings with measured ECe within soil depth increments, several pedons representing a range of soil salinity for the survey area were sampled in 30-cm increments to a depth corresponding to the meter response. A weighting procedure based on the meter response-depth function was developed to condense the multiple ECe by depth measurements into a single weighted area specific value. These values were correlated with the apparent soil electric conductivity from the electromagnetic induction instrument by simple linear regression. This technique is designed for soil association of similar parent materials. The resulting regression equation yields a quick reliable equation that avoids complex mathematics and converts the instrument readings into weighted forms of commonly used saturated paste electrical conductivity values. Key words: Soil survey, electrical resistance

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Induction Measurements for Investigating Soil Salinization Caused by Saline Reclaimed Water

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Lorenzo De Carlo ◽  
Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi ◽  
Maria Clementina Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Short Period

This paper focused on the use of electromagnetic induction measurements in order to investigate soil salinization caused by irrigation with saline reclaimed water. An experimental activity was carried out during the growing season of tomato crop in order to evaluate expected soil salinization effects caused by different saline agro-industrial wastewaters used as irrigation sources. Soil electrical conductivity, strictly related to the soil salinity, has been monitored for three months by means of Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) measurements, and evident differences in the soil response have been observed. The study highlighted two aspects that can improve soil investigation due to the utilization of geophysical tools. First, EMI data can map large areas in a short period of time with an unprecedented level of detail by overcoming practical difficulties in order to massively sample soil. At the same time, repeated measurements over time allow updating real-time soil salinity maps by using accurate correlations with soil electrical conductivity. This application points out how integrated agro-geophysical research approaches can play a strategic role in agricultural saline water management in order to prevent soil salinization risks in medium to long-term periods.

Comparison of Electromagnetic Induction and Direct Sensing of Soil Electrical Conductivity

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Sudduth ◽  
N. R. Kitchen ◽  
G. A. Bollero ◽  
D. G. Bullock ◽  
W. J. Wiebold
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Direct Sensing

scholarly journals Repeated electromagnetic induction measurements for mapping soil moisture at the field scale: validation with data from a wireless soil moisture monitoring network

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Martini ◽  
Ulrike Werban ◽  
Steffen Zacharias ◽  
Marco Pohle ◽  
Peter Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Temporal Variations

Abstract. Electromagnetic induction (EMI) measurements are widely used for soil mapping, as they allow fast and relatively low-cost surveys of soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa). Although the use of non-invasive EMI for imaging spatial soil properties is very attractive, the dependence of ECa on several factors challenges any interpretation with respect to individual soil properties or states such as soil moisture (θ). The major aim of this study was to further investigate the potential of repeated EMI measurements to map θ, with particular focus on the temporal variability of the spatial patterns of ECa and θ. To this end, we compared repeated EMI measurements with high-resolution θ data from a wireless soil moisture and soil temperature monitoring network for an extensively managed hillslope area for which soil properties and θ dynamics are known. For the investigated site, (i) ECa showed small temporal variations whereas θ varied from very dry to almost saturation, (ii) temporal changes of the spatial pattern of ECa differed from those of the spatial pattern of θ, and (iii) the ECa–θ relationship varied with time. Results suggest that (i) depending upon site characteristics, stable soil properties can be the major control of ECa measured with EMI, and (ii) for soils with low clay content, the influence of θ on ECa may be confounded by changes of the electrical conductivity of the soil solution. Further, this study discusses the complex interplay between factors controlling ECa and θ, and the use of EMI-based ECa data with respect to hydrological applications.

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