EFFLUENT QUALITY FROM ATUS AND PACKED BED FILTERS RECEIVING DOMESTIC WASTEWATER UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Converse
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Effluent Quality

Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen from Domestic Wastewater Using Vertical Aerated Limestone Filter

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Rafidah binti Hamdan ◽  
Izzati Izwani Ibrahim ◽  
Ain Nabila Abdul Talib
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Final Effluent

Nitrogen is a naturally occurring element that is essential for growth and reproduction in both plants and animals. Excessive concentrations in the water body can cause excessive growth of algae and other plants, leading to accelerate eutrophication of lakes, and occasional depletion of dissolved oxygen. To remove nitrogen conventionally from domestic wastewater requires a high cost technology due to consumption of chemicals, high operational and maintenance cost. Therefore, an alternative low cost treatment technology particularly for nutrient removal including nitrogen removal system has been developed to improve the final effluent quality that is an aerated rock filter system. However, the optimization study under warm climate has not yet been developed. Hence, the present study was carried out to investigate the removal of ammonia nitrogen (AN) from domestic wastewater through nitrification process using a lab-scale vertical aerated limestone filter. Domestic wastewater sample used in this study was collected from Taman Bukit Perdana Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Batu Pahat, Johor owned by IWK. The experiment has been carried out for 10 weeks. The influent and effluent of the vertical aerated limestone filter system have been sampled and analyzed on biweekly basis for selected parameters including AN, Total Kjedhal Nitrogen (TKN), pH, alkalinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen to monitor the effectiveness of the filter. Results from this study show that nitrification process has took place within the aerated limestone filter as the results from laboratory experiments show that AN in wastewater was oxidized to nitrate and efficiently removed as the removal of AN was ranged from 85 % to 92 % and the removal percentage of TKN was ranged from 83.52 % - 91.67 %. The temperature was in the average of 26.3oC±0.75, pH value average of , DO was from 6.64 mg/L to 7.75 mg/L , and the alkalinity was from 15 to 110 mg / l as CaCO3 . Therefore, from this study it can be concluded that aerated rock filter system has high potential in removing AN and TKN. It is also able to produce a good final effluent quality which is comply with the effluent requirement for nutrient removal in wastewater under the Environmental Quality Act (Sewage) Regulations, 2009 that is safe to be released to the water body.

MBR Varsseveld: 5 years of operational experience

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.N. van Bentem ◽  
N. Nijman ◽  
P.F.T. Schyns ◽  
C.P. Petri
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
New Type ◽  
Demonstration Plant ◽  
Membrane Lifetime ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

The Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR) in Varsseveld is the first full-scale plant in the Netherlands and functions as a demonstration plant for MBR technology. It has been in operation for 5 years and many lessons have been learnt in that time. To gain experience with this new type of treatment and to demonstrate that MBR is suitable for purification of domestic wastewater in a real situation a vast research programme was undertaken. Based on the operational experiences and the research program it can be concluded that the MBR Varsseveld shows promising results. Compared to conventional activated sludge systems with sand filtration (CAS-SF), the MBR produces superior effluent quality. Energy consumption remains up to 30% higher than the CAS-SF system but there is possibility for further improvements. The cleaning philosophy, that combines a regular maintenance cleaning with 2-yearly intensive cleanings, is effective at maintaining the membranes in optimal condition. Based on the experiences with the Zenon ZW500d membranes, a membrane lifetime of up to 10 years is expected.

Enhanced reduction of excess sludge and nutrient removal in a pilot-scale A2O-MBR-TAD system

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Ventura ◽  
S. Seo ◽  
I. Chung ◽  
I. Yeom ◽  
H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Cryptic Growth ◽  
A2o Process ◽  
Sludge Production

In this study, a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2O) process with submerged membrane (MBR) in the oxic tank was coupled with thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) reactor and was operated for longer than 600 days to treat real domestic wastewater. Regardless of the varying conditions of the system, the A2O-MBR-TAD process removed MLSS, TCOD, BOD, TN, TP, and E. coli about 99%, 96%, 96%, 70%, 83%, and 99%, respectively. The additional TP removal of the system was due to the precipitating agent directly added in the oxic reactor, without which TP removal was about 56%. In the TAD reactor, receiving MLSS from the oxic tank (MBR), about 25% of TSS and VSS were solubilized during 2 days of retention. The effluent of the TAD reactor was recycled into the anoxic tank of A2O-MBR to provide organic carbon for denitrification and cryptic growth. By controlling the flowrate of wasting stream from the MBR, sludge production decreased to almost zero. From these results, it was concluded that the A2O-MBR-TAD process could be a reliable option for excellent effluent quality and near zero-sludge production.

scholarly journals A NOVEL PROCESS FOR NUTRIENTS REMOVAL AND PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY FROM DOMESTIC WASTEWATER BY COMBINING BNR WITH INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming ZOU ◽  
Xiwu LU ◽  
Ting LI
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nutrients Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Mineral Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Induced Crystallization

An excessive discharge of phosphorus from wastewater to water bodies may potentially contribute to eutrophication. On the other hand, mineral phosphorus resources will be depleted in the near future, because of difficulty to automatically recycle from water to land, unlike nitrogen. A new process for nutrients removal coupled with phosphorus recovery was proposed in this study by combining biological nutrients removal (BNR) with induced crystallization (IC), BNR-IC for short later, differently from conventional phosphorus recovery process. Our results showed that the BNR-IC system can maintain not only high and stable carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies, all presenting above 90%, but also good phosphorus recovery performance from synthetic domestic wastewater, displaying about 70.2% of phosphorus recovery rate. When the COD, TN, NH4–N and P concentrations of 250 mg L−1, 42 mg L−1, 40 mg L−1, and 10 mg L−1, respectively were given in the influent, a stable removal efficiencies of 92.5% COD, 78.6% TN, 85.9% NH4–N and 95.2% P were obtained for the BNR-IC process and correspondingly the COD, TN, NH4–N and P concentrations of 18.75 mg L−1, 8.99 mg L−1, 5.64 mg L−1, 0.42 mg L−1 were monitored in the effluent, meeting the Chinese National Class I (grade A) Sewage Discharge Standard. Analyses of SEM and EDS, moreover, also demonstrated that the surface of seed crystal (calcite used here) was completely covered by hydroxyl calcium phosphate (HAP) produced during the induced crystallization process to recover phosphorus. Although our study involved only a small-scale trial, the proposed BNR-IC process here may be a promising technology, and can potentially aid in improvement of the effluent quality from WWTP and in recycle of mineral phosphorus resources when applied to practice.

Comparison of bioreactors with different kinds of submerged packed beds for domestic wastewater treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mijaylova Nacheva ◽  
G. Moeller Chávez ◽  
M. A. Garzón Zúñiga ◽  
C. Bustos ◽  
Y. Hornelas Orozco
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Packing Materials ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Continuous Regime ◽  
Do Concentration

The performance of aerobic submerged packed bed reactors was studied for the treatment of domestic wastewater using different kinds of packing materials with high specific areas (760–1,200 m2/m3). The tested materials were ceramic spheres, crushed tezontle, grains of high density polyethylene (HDPE), of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and of polypropylene (PP), cubes of polyurethane (PU) and polyethylene tape (SESSIL). The bioreactors were operated in continuous regime, applying organic loads in the range of 0.8–6.0 g COD.m−2.d−1. The obtained specific COD removal rates were very similar in all the reactors when they were operated at organic loads up to 2.0 g COD.m−2.d−1, after which differences in effectiveness appeared and the best results were determined in the reactors with SESSIL, LDPE and PU. Very low TSS, O&G and turbidity were obtained in all the effluents. The NH3-N and TN removals were dependant on the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and the removals at DO of 5 mg/l were 84–99% and 61–74% respectively. The best removals were determined in the reactors with PU, SESSIL and LDPE. The reactor with tezontle had also a good performance when operated with loads up to 1.0 g TN.m−2.d−1. The best phosphate removals (38–49%) were obtained in the reactors with PU, tezontle, ceramic sheres and SESSIL.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Multi Soil Layering (MSL) System in A Household Scale of Wastewater Treatment Using Environmental Friendly Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badrus Zaman ◽  
Wiharyanto Oktiawan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Soil Layering ◽  
The First Variation ◽  
The Second Variation ◽  
Required Quality

Most community settlements in Indonesia do not have a household scale of a wastewater treatment plant. Fatal impacts on the environment and human health can occur at any time, including (a) causing environmental damage (disaster), (b) damaging beauty/aesthetics for the scenery will be unpleasant and foul-smelling, (c) polluting water bodies, and (d ) endangering health. The purpose of this study is to optimize the Multi Soil Layering (MSL) System to treat domestic wastewater (greywater) using environmentally friendly materials that are available in Indonesia. The research method used the MSL system with the first variation using a batch system with Hydraulic retention time (HRT) for 24 hours and the second variation using an intermittent system with 3, 6, 9 hours HRT. The results showed that the MSL system was able to eliminate COD well. The highest COD removal efficiency was 93.44% at 9 hours HRT, but the effluent quality did not meet the required quality standards. The development of MSL systems that produces an effluent quality that meets the quality standards needs to be studied further.

Effect of Effluent Quality and Application Method on Agricultural Productivity and Environmental Control

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1593-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Oron ◽  
Y. DeMalach ◽  
Z. Hoffman ◽  
Y. Manor
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Beer Sheva ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
The City

Field studies were undertaken in recent years to confirm the hypothesis that treated secondary wastewater can be disposed by using it in drip systems for irrigation of edible crops. This hypothesis was examined in field experiments conducted with the treated domestic wastewater of the city of Beer-Sheva, Israel. The results indicated that contamination of the soil surface and plants was minimal when subsurface drip irrigation was applied, but maximal when sprinkler irrigation was utilized.

Comparative study of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge processes in the treatment of Moroccan domestic wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kitanou ◽  
M. Tahri ◽  
B. Bachiri ◽  
M. Mahi ◽  
M. Hafsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

Abstract The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation.

scholarly journals Utilization of Waste Materials for Microbial Carrier in Wastewater Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Le ◽  
N. Jantarat ◽  
W. Khanitchaidecha ◽  
K. Ratananikom ◽  
A. Nakaruk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

This research focused on the ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) removal from the domestic wastewater using the attached growth reactors. Two types of waste material of corncob (biodegradable material) and concrete (nonbiodegradable material) were used as the carrier for microorganisms’ attachment. During operation, both reactors achieved absolutely high performance of ammonium removal (up to 99%) and total nitrogen removal (up to 95%). The significant advantage of corncob carrier was that the corncob was able to be a source of carbon for biological denitrification, leading to no external carbon requirement for operating the system. However, the corncob caused an increasing turbidity of the effluent. On the other hand, the concrete carrier required the minimal external carbon of 3.5 C/N ratio to reach the good performance. Moreover, a longer period for microorganisms’ adaptation was found in the concrete carrier rather than the corncob carrier. Further, the same physiological and biochemical characteristics of active bacteria were found at the two carriers, which were negative gram, cocci shape, and smooth and white-turbid colony. Due to the effluent quality, the concrete was more appropriate carrier than the corncob for wastewater treatment.

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