scholarly journals Computer program for forecasting the overseas immigration of long-distance migratory rice planthoppers.

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonari WATANABE ◽  
Hiroshi SEINO ◽  
Chikayoshi KITAMURA ◽  
Yoshio HIRAI
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rice Planthoppers

scholarly journals Ultrabithorax is a key regulator for the dimorphism of wings, a main cause for the outbreak of planthoppers in rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangzhou Liu ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Muhua Zhao ◽  
Mengjian Guo ◽  
Kehong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Wing Form ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rice Pests ◽  
Rice Planthoppers ◽  
Short Wing

Abstract Rice planthoppers, the most devastating rice pests, occur in two wing forms: the short-wing form for rapid population growth and long-wing form for long-distance migration, which together create the mechanism for outbreak. Here we show that Ultrabithorax (Ubx) is a key regulator for switching between the long- and short-wing forms of rice planthoppers. Ubx is expressed in both forewing and hindwing pads, which is different from the canonical model of Ubx expression. In brown planthoppers, expression of Ubx (NlUbx) is regulated by nutritional status of the rice host. High-quality young plants induce NlUbx expression leading to the short-wing form; low-quality ripe plants reduce NlUbx expression resulting in long-wing form. We also showed that NlUbx is regulated by the insulin receptors NlInR1 and NlInR2. The default expression of NlInR1 inhibits NlUbx resulting in long-wings, while high-quality hosts induce NlInR2 expression, which represses NlInR1 thus promoting NlUbx expression to produce short-wings.

scholarly journals Passive Long-Distance Migration of Apterous Dryinid Wasps Parasitizing Rice Planthoppers

10.5772/35885 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiharu Mita ◽  
Yukiko Matsumoto ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumur
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Rice Planthoppers

scholarly journals Prediction of long distance migration of rice planthoppers to northern Kyushu considering low-level jet stream.

1987 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi SEINO ◽  
Yoshiharu SHIOTSUKI ◽  
Shingo OYA ◽  
Yoshio HIRAI
Keyword(s):  
Jet Stream ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Rice Planthoppers ◽  
Low Level Jet

A general computer program for the extended plate overlap algorithm

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt ◽  
E. Ebner ◽  
K. von der Heide
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
General Computer Program ◽  
General Computer

In contrast to the adjustment of single plates a block adjustment is a simultaneous determination of all unknowns associated with many overlapping plates (star positions and plate constants etc. ) by one large adjustment. This plate overlap technique was introduced by Eichhorn and reviewed by Googe et. al. The author now has developed a set of computer programmes which allows the adjustment of any set of contemporaneous overlapping plates. There is in principle no limit for the number of plates, the number of stars, the number of individual plate constants for each plate, and for the overlapping factor.

The Fine Structure of Phloem Cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 632-635
Author(s):  
James Cronshaw
Keyword(s):  
Structural Studies ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Phloem Tissue ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Companion Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Distance Transport

Long distance transport in plants takes place in phloem tissue which has characteristic cells, the sieve elements. At maturity these cells have sieve areas in their end walls with specialized perforations. They are associated with companion cells, parenchyma cells, and in some species, with transfer cells. The protoplast of the functioning sieve element contains a high concentration of sugar, and consequently a high hydrostatic pressure, which makes it extremely difficult to fix mature sieve elements for electron microscopical observation without the formation of surge artifacts. Despite many structural studies which have attempted to prevent surge artifacts, several features of mature sieve elements, such as the distribution of P-protein and the nature of the contents of the sieve area pores, remain controversial.

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