scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature on the Development and Longevity of the Andromeda Lace Bug, Stephanitis takeyai (Heteroptera: Tingidae) on Its Two Main Host Plants, Pieris japonica and Lyonia elliptica

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morio TSUKADA
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
Main Host

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Plant Resistance to Arthropod Pests

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-545
Author(s):  
James R Nechols ◽  
Ashley R Hough ◽  
David C Margolies ◽  
John R Ruberson ◽  
Brian P McCornack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Arthropod Pests ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Effective Use

Abstract Temperature has a strong influence on the development, survival, and fecundity of herbivorous arthropods, and it plays a key role in regulating the growth and development of their host plants. In addition, temperature affects the production of plant secondary chemicals as well as structural characteristics used for defense against herbivores. Thus, temperature has potentially important implications for host plant resistance. Because temperature directly impacts arthropod pests, both positively and negatively, distinguishing direct effects from indirect effects mediated through host plants poses a challenge for researchers and practitioners. A more comprehensive understanding of how temperature affects plant resistance specifically, and arthropod pests in general, would lead to better predictions of pest populations, and more effective use of plant resistance as a management tactic. Therefore, the goals of this paper are to 1) review and update knowledge about temperature effects on plant resistance, 2) evaluate alternative experimental approaches for separating direct from plant-mediated indirect effects of temperature on pests, including benefits and limitations of each approach, and 3) offer recommendations for future research.

GROUPING OF ISOLATES OF A LOW-TEMPERATURE BASIDIOMYCETE ON THE BASIS OF CULTURAL BEHAVIOR AND PATHOGENICITY

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. B. Ward ◽  
J. B. Lebeau ◽  
M. W. Cormack
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Type A ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Type B ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Cultural Behavior ◽  
Type C ◽  
Ph Range

Isolates of an unidentified low-temperature basidiomycete, associated with snow mold in Western Canada, were divided into three types, A, B, and C, on the basis of their general cultural appearance. Support for this classification was obtained when representative isolates of each type were examined to determine: the effect of temperature and pH on growth; tolerance of antibiotics and HCN; ability to liberate HCN in culture and in the host plant; pathogenicity.Type A isolates grew slowly under most conditions and were least tolerant of the extremes of temperature and pH employed, moderately inhibited by antibiotics, and strongly inhibited by HCN. They produced HCN in large quantities in host plants and none in culture. They were moderately pathogenic on grass and highly pathogenic on alfalfa. Type B isolates grew somewhat more rapidly than type A, especially at the upper and lower temperatures, and grew over a wider pH range. These isolates were more tolerant of antibiotics and HCN. They produced smaller quantities of HCN than type A in infected alfalfa plants but released large amounts in culture. They were less pathogenic than type A on alfalfa but similarly pathogenic on grass. Type C isolates were fast-growing forms which were strongly inhibited by antibiotics and HCN. They did not liberate HCN under any conditions and were not pathogenic.

scholarly journals Diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species in French Guiana: their main host plants and associated parasitoids during the period 1994–2003 and prospects for management

Fruits ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Vayssières ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cayol ◽  
Philippe Caplong ◽  
Julien Séguret ◽  
David Midgarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Main Host

scholarly journals Species richness of thrips and whiteflies and their predators in mustard fields

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
S Das ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Kamal ◽  
A Shishir
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Pest Population

With a view to assessing the effect of temperature (ºC) and locations on species richness of thrips and whiteflies and their natural enemies (NEs), predatory Geocoris bug and Asian lady bug beetle (LBB) in mustard field of BARI Sarisha 16, the experiment was carried out at the farmers’ fields in two specific locations of Southern Bangladesh, Rupsha, Khulna and Abhaynagar, Jessore during November, 2015 to March, 2016. The studies were laid out with randomized complete block deign (RCBD) maintaining four replicates. The results depicted that there was a significant variation in mean population abundance of thrips, whitefly and their predators across the observation dates, which principally resulted from the variation of temperature along the various observation dates in each location and between locations along with phenological characters of host plants. Initially, population of thrips and whitefly, and their predators were very low in both locations at first observation date of 20 November, 2015 which gradually colonized and reached the peak in 19 March, 2016 with temperature of 27.8°C and 71% RH in Khulna and 26.1ºC and 61% RH in Jessore. Notably, temperature ranging from 22–27°C during mid-February to March, 2016 considerably favors the species richness of both insect pests, thrips and whiteflies, and their predators, Geocoris bug and Asian lady bug beetle in both places. By contrast relative low temperature of 16–20°C from December 20, 2015 to January 29, 2016 affected the species richness of predators and pest as well. The yield of mustard, BARI Sarisha 16 was significantly higher in Jessore (1365.75 kgha–1) due to lower pest population and higher predator population relative to Khulna region (1277.25 kgha–1). Ecological factors especially temperature appeared as major striking factor of species richness and played crucial role in getting up and down of mustard insect pests and NEs population across various date of observations and between places.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 7-14, January 2017

Stephanitis pyri. [Distribution map].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Stephanitis pyri (F.) (Acanthia pyri F., Tingis pyri(F.)) (Hem., Tingidae) (Pear Lace-bug). Host Plants: Apple, apricot, pear, peach, walnut, oak. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Morocco, Tunisia.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability of Stolbur Phytoplasma inHyalesthes obsoletus(Hemiptera: Cixiidae) and its Main Host Plants in Vineyard Agroecosystems

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1506-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Landi ◽  
Paola Riolo ◽  
Sergio Murolo ◽  
Gianfranco Romanazzi ◽  
Sandro Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Main Host ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma

scholarly journals Appearance of oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata Say, 1832) on sweet chestnut in Hungary (Heteroptera: Tingidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Gabriella Enikő Kovács ◽  
Antal Nagy ◽  
László Radócz ◽  
István Szarukán
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
European Data

AbstractOak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) has caused increasing damage throughout Europe since its appearance in 2000. In Hungary, it has become a dangerous pest of Quercus species in recent years. They frequently appear on ornamental and fruit trees, either, but this type of damage is not significant. Castanea species are known as their common host plants in their native area, but in Europe, it was detected only in Bulgaria. In this paper, we provide the first record of oak lace bug on sweet chestnut (C. sativa) in Hungary, which represents only the second European data on Castanea species. The pest was found in Debrecen, East Hungary.

Phoma medicaginis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Host ◽  
Phoma Medicaginis ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma medicaginis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Probably an opportunisitic pathogen and saprobe, while var. macrospora is more strongly pathogenic towards M. sativa. Contributory to causing (spring) black stem of forage legumes (mainly Medicago, possibly also Melilotus and Trifolium), involving seedling blight, stem canker, root rot and leaf spot. It develops as long dark lesions on petioles and stems, later encircling whole stems and spreading to cause crown and foot rot. HOSTS: On leaves, petioles, stems, roots and seeds of possibly a wide range of plants. However, many records require verification. The main host plant is Medicago sativa (alfalfa, lucerne), but also recorded on Melilotus and other Papilionaceae, including Arachis, Cicer, Glycine, Lathyrus, Lens, Phaseolus, Pisum, Trifolium, Trigonella, Vicia and Vigna. Non-leguminous host plants include Anacardium, Annona, Beta, Brassica, Chrysanthemum, Curcuma, Cyperus, Fragaria, Juniperus, Lycopersicon, Madhuca, Nicotiana, Phlox, Saccharum, Solanum, Striga, Themeda, Zea and Zinnia. Also reported from soil and indeterminate plant debris and from human scalp. While many records refer only to P. medicaginis s. lat., records for var. macrospora appear to indicate that it occurs more specifically on M. sativa. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sudan, Zambia, Zimbabwe. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: West Indies. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina. ASIA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Denmark, Great Britain, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne on plant debris with infection of new plants by rain splash. Probably also seed-borne if pods become infected.

STUDIES ON THE FUSARIA WHICH CAUSE WILT IN MELONS: I. THE OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF RACES OF THE MUSKMELON AND WATERMELON FUSARIA AND A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE COLONIZATION OF MUSKMELON PLANTS SUSCEPTIBLE OR RESISTANT TO FUSARIUM WILT

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Reid
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Respective Host ◽  
Comparable Time

It has been shown that more than one type of isolate of both the muskmelon Fusarium and the watermelon Fusarium occur naturally in infested soil. The isolates of both organisms could be divided into many cultural races, depending on the number of isolations made. Among these cultural races differences were demonstrated in their ability to establish successful host–parasite relationships with their respective host plants. The field reactions of various host varieties were shown to be a function of the races present in the soil at a given time. Fluctuations in the relative frequency of the races present in a field have been shown to occur, as well as changes in the races present.The muskmelon wilt organism penetrated a susceptible host variety between cells in the region of elongation. The cortex was then colonized intercellularly, later intracellularly. The fungus then penetrated the stele, establishing itself in the vessels. Eventually hyphae were present throughout the vessels and later passed out to infect stelar and cortical tissues at various loci.The fungus also invaded the primary meristem intercellularly, later intracellularly, and established itself in young protoxylem vessels or developing cortical cells. Penetration also occurred through tears in the cortex caused by developing secondary roots.Colonization of a resistant host occurred in the same manner, but there was always less fungus in the resistant host than in the susceptible host after comparable time intervals. This difference could not be correlated with the morphology of the resistant host.The effect of temperature on colonization appeared to be on the aggressiveness of the parasite, rather than on the susceptibility of the host.

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