scholarly journals Studies on the Intraspecific Competition in Dung-Breeding Flies : IV.Effects of Larval Density on the Development of Orthellia pacifica ZIMIN (Diptera:Muscidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro AMANO
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Larval Density

AN INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION MODEL FOR THE LEAFMINER, AGROMYZA FRONTELLA (RONDANI)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar A. Dohse ◽  
Jeremy N. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Larval Competition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Agromyza Frontella ◽  
Third Instar Larva

AbstractA mathematical model was constructed to simulate the effect of intraspecific larval competition on the survival of Agromyza frontella (Rondani). It was shown that the probabilities of cannibalism and starvation can be expressed as functions of larval density and food availability (leaflet surface area), and that expected pupal weights can be determined from the amount of food available to the third-instar larva. Predictions were compared with data from laboratory experiments and field samples with excellent results.

scholarly journals 3D imaging reveals potential anticipatory responses to increasing intraspecific competition in the Drosophila male reproductive system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Morimoto ◽  
Renan Barcellos ◽  
Todd Andrew Schoborg ◽  
Liebert Parreiras Nogueira ◽  
Marcos Vinicius Colaco
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Sexually Selected Traits ◽  
Sexual Selection Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selected Traits ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Ejaculatory Bulb

Selection favour males that anticipate intraspecific competition levels and develop appropriate competitive traits. In holometabolous insects, larval density can act as an ecological cue of males future intraspecific competition levels while also limiting access to food allocated to sexually selected traits (e.g., testes). To date, however, most studies have been conducted in larval densities that may have little or no relevance to species ecology. Here, we manipulated Drosophila melanogaster larval density based on the natural history of the species and used 3D micro-CT imaging to show a strong modulation of testes volume based on larval density: males from high larval densities generally had larger testes. Conversely, males from high densities tended (albeit not statistically significantly) to have the smallest accessory glands and ejaculatory bulb. Overall, we used micro-CT to measure male reproductive morphology in an ecologically relevant design for which the findings broadly support predictions from sexual selection theory.

Larval performance and oviposition habitat selection of the tree frog, Hyla savignyi, in response to conspecific larval density

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meital Stein ◽  
Leon Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Larval Competition ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Size At Metamorphosis ◽  
Hyla Savignyi

Amphibians breeding in temporary pools may experience strong intraspecific density-dependent effects in the form of larval competition and oviposition site selection. These potential effects are untested for the tree frog, Hyla savignyi, an anuran species of conservation concern in Israel. We conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment to examine how intraspecific larval density may affect larval performance and oviposition habitat selection in H. savignyi. We added ecologically relevant densities of 0, 10, or 40 early-stage tadpoles into mesocosms (plastic tubs) containing 20 L of water. Each density was replicated with four tubs. Time to and size at metamorphosis were not significantly affected by initial H. savignyi density. However, strong intraspecific competitive effects were observed in the form of reduced size at metamorphosis at the high density. We also found that gravid H. savignyi females reduce future intraspecific competition for their progeny by choosing to oviposit in mesocosms with no, or low, densities of H. savignyi tadpoles. Thus, intraspecific competition in this anuran species appears to be an important factor at ecologically relevant densities; larval competition increases with increasing densities and may be avoided by gravid females assessing breeding habitat quality in the form of conspecific tadpole density or mass.

scholarly journals Effects of Host Plant and Larval Density on Intraspecific Competition in Larvae of the Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian J. Duan ◽  
Kristi Larson ◽  
Tim Watt ◽  
Juli Gould ◽  
Jonathan P. Lelito
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer

A method for rearing Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) larvae on a modified artificial diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Barrington ◽  
D.P. Logan ◽  
P.G. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Sawn Timber

Burnt pine longhorn (BPL) Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) is an introduced species sometimes found in association with export logs and sawn timber A rearing method was developed to produce larvae of a known age number and quality for control trials Growth of larvae from newly hatched to 5 weeks was measured on a standard cerambycid artificial diet and on modified diets Replacing pine wood with pine bark sawdust increased survival at 5 weeks from 23 to 76 and mean weight from 9 to 21 mg There were significant interactions between the influences of three factors (diet period of rearing initial larval density) on the weight of surviving larvae Individual rearing was preferred for convenience and a standardised method was used to rear 8740 larvae for disinfestation trials Establishment and survival to 6 weeks for these larvae was 97

scholarly journals Effect of Competition and Climatic Conditions on the Growth of Beech in the Mixed Pine Beech Stand: Lithuanian Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Edgaras Linkevičius ◽  
Gerda Junevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Competition Effect ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Climate change and warming will potentially have profound effects on forest growth and yield, especially for pure stands in the near future. Thus, increased attention has been paid to mixed stands, e.g., pine and beech mixtures. However, the interaction of tree species growing in mixtures still remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the interspecific and intraspecific competition to diameter, height, and crown width of pine and beech trees growing in mixtures, as well as to evaluate the impact of climatic indicators to the beech radial diameter increment. The data was collected in 2017 at the mixed mature pine beech double layer stand, located in the western part of Lithuania. The sample plot of 1.2 hectare was established and tree species, diameter at the breast height, tree height, height-to-crown base, height-to-crown width, and position were measured for all 836 trees. Additionally, a representative sample of radial diameter increments were estimated only for the beech trees by taking out core discs at the height of 1 m when the stand was partially cut. Competition analysis was based on the distance-dependent competition index, which was further based on crown parameters. Climatic effect was evaluated using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. We found almost no interspecific competition effect to diameter, height, or crown width for both tree species growing in the first layer. However, it had an effect on beeches growing in the second layer. The intraspecific competition effect was important for pine and beech trees, showing a negative effect for both of them. Our results show the possible coexistence of these tree species due to niche differentiation. An analysis of climatic indicators from 1991–2005 revealed that precipitation from February–May of the current vegetation year and mean temperatures from July to September expressed radial diameter increment effects for beech trees. Low temperatures during March and April, as well as high precipitation during January, had a negative effect on beech radial increments. From 2006–2016, the highest effect on radial diameter increments was the mean temperatures from July to September, as well as the precipitation in January of the current year. From 1991–2016, the highest effect on radial diameter increments was the temperature from July to September 1991–2016 and the precipitation in June 1991–2016. Generally, cool temperatures and higher precipitation in June had a positive effect on beech radial increments. Therefore, our results show a sensitivity to high temperatures and droughts during summer amid Lithuanian’s growth conditions.

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