scholarly journals Genetic divergence among populations of the white grub beetle, Dasylepida ishigakiensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), distributed in the southern part of the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, detected from mitochondrial DNA sequences

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Muraji ◽  
Yoshio Hirai ◽  
Toshiharu Akino ◽  
Sadao Wakamura ◽  
Norio Arakaki
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Dasylepida Ishigakiensis ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands

scholarly journals Evolutionary Relationship between Two Firefly Species,Curtos costipennisandC. okinawanus(Coleoptera, Lampyridae), in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan Revealed by the Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Muraji ◽  
Norio Arakaki ◽  
Shigeo Tanizaki
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
History Of

The phylogenetic relationship, biogeography, and evolutionary history of closely related two firefly species,Curtos costipennisandC. okinawanus, distributed in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan were examined based on nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (2.2 kb long) and nuclear (1.1-1.2 kb long) DNAs. In these analyses, individuals were divided among three genetically distinct local groups,C. costipennisin the Amami region,C. okinawanusin the Okinawa region, andC. costipennisin the Sakishima region. Their mtDNA sequences suggested that ancestralC. costipennispopulation was first separated between the Central and Southern Ryukyu areas, and the northern half was then subdivided betweenC. costipennisin the Amami andC. okinawanusin the Okinawa. The application of the molecular evolutionary clocks of coleopteran insects indicated that their vicariance occurred 1.0–1.4 million years ago, suggesting the influence of submergence and subdivision of a paleopeninsula extending between the Ryukyu Islands and continental China through Taiwan in the early Pleistocene.

Inferring population connectivity across the range of the purple-crowned fairy-wren (Malurus coronatus) from mitochondrial DNA and morphology: implications for conservation management

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Skroblin ◽  
Robert Lanfear ◽  
Andrew Cockburn ◽  
Sarah Legge
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Population Connectivity ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
The Impact

Knowledge of population structure and patterns of connectivity is required to implement effective conservation measures for the purple-crowned fairy-wren (Malurus coronatus), a threatened endemic of northern Australia. This study aimed to identify barriers to dispersal across the distribution of M. coronatus, investigate the impact that the recent declines may have on population connectivity, and propose conservation actions to maintain natural patterns of gene flow. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences from 87 M. coronatus identified two phylogenetic clusters that corresponded with the phenotypically defined western (M. c. coronatus) and eastern (M. c. macgillivrayi) subspecies. The genetic divergence between these subspecies was consistent with isolation by a natural barrier to gene flow, and supports their separate conservation management. Within the declining M. c. coronatus, the lack of genetic divergence and only slight morphological difference between remnant populations indicates that populations were recently linked by gene flow. It is likely that widespread habitat degradation and the recent extirpation of M. c. coronatus from the Ord River will disrupt connectivity between, and dynamics within, remnant populations. To prevent further declines, conservation of M. coronatus must preserve areas of quality habitat and restore connectivity between isolated populations.

scholarly journals Higher Genetic Diversity of the Common Sea Cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) atra in Marine Protected Areas of the Central and Southern Ryukyu Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Hamamoto ◽  
Taha Soliman ◽  
Angelo Poliseno ◽  
Iria Fernandez-Silva ◽  
James Davis Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Okinawa Prefecture

Recently, sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) have been over-exploited in many areas of the world, including in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan, due to increases in their economic importance. Nevertheless, management and protection of sea cucumbers are insufficient worldwide. The black sea cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) atra Jaeger, 1833, inhabits a large range across the Indo-West Pacific Ocean and is a widely harvested species. Here we conducted population genetic analyses on H. atra using partial mitochondrial DNA sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S) to examine 11 different populations around three island groups in the middle Ryukyus; Okinawajima Island, the Kerama Islands, and the Sakishima Islands, all within Okinawa Prefecture. We found 27 haplotypes for COI and 16 haplotypes for 16S. Locations within national and quasi-national parks (Zamami Island, Keramas, and Manza, Okinawajima; managed by the national Ministry of Environment and Okinawa Prefecture, respectively) had the highest number of haplotypes, whereas locations with less management and more anthropogenic pressure had lower numbers The mean of all samples' genetic diversity indices was moderate with regards to both haplotype and nucleotide diversity. According to our results, Zamami Ama was the most genetically diverse location based on both markers used, likely because it is located within Kerama-Shoto National Park with comparatively stricter regulations than most other locations. Based on our COI sequences, three-quarters of the locations with the highest haplotype diversity were found to be distant from Okinawajima Island, indicating that the genetic diversity of H. atra was reduced around Okinawajima Island. Our results possibly reflect negative impacts from anthropogenic pressures such as over-harvesting and coastal development, although future comprehensive research including sequences of nuclear loci is needed to confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Pattern of Genetic Divergence of Mitochondrial DNA Sequences in Biomphalaria tenagophila Complex Species Based on Barcode and Morphological Analysis

10.5772/25550 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseli Tuan ◽  
Fernanda Pires ◽  
Raquel Gardini Sanches Palasio ◽  
Ricardo Dalla ◽  
Marisa Cristina De Almeida Guimaraes
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Complex Species

Extensive genetic divergence among populations of the Australian freshwater fish, Pseudomugil signifer (Pseudomugilidae), at different hierarchical scales

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dugald J. McGlashan ◽  
Jane M. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
River System ◽  
Genetic Subdivision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Allozyme Loci ◽  
Australian Freshwater

The 'island' nature of river systems limits the possibility of dispersal in freshwater fish species, with many displaying extensive genetic subdivision across their ranges. We examined the population genetic structure of the predominantly freshwater fish, Pseudomugil signifer, at fine, medium and broad scales using allozyme and mitochondrial DNA techniques. Extensive genetic subdivision across the range (FST = 0.6) at six polymorphic allozyme loci was partitioned mostly among river-system drainages (42%). Patterns of mitochondrial DNA sequences, which mirrored previous taxonomic designations and a terrestrial biogeographic barrier, identified two major groups. The level of divergence between the groups implied a considerable period of isolation. At a more localized scale, significant genetic differences between adjacent drainages implied that flood events are not effective transport mechanisms and indicate that populations of P. signifer in different drainages are essentially independent units. The history of P.�signifer appears to be dominated, at different spatial scales, by long periods of isolation among drainages mediated by changes in sea-level, which merge and isolate drainages haphazardly over time. The chance nature of dispersal, coupled with isolation and potential population size fluctuations, probably leads to the observed complex patterns of genetic divergence.

Phylogeny and Genetic Divergence of Indian Himalayan Population of Anomala dimidiata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A. R. N. S. Subbanna ◽  
B. Kalyana babu ◽  
J. Stanley ◽  
S. K. Jain ◽  
J. C. Bhatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence
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