scholarly journals Host discrimination in Dinocampus coccinellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a solitary parasitoid of coccinellid beetles.

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Okuda ◽  
Piotr Ceryngier
Keyword(s):  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Dinocampus Coccinellae ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

Abdominal sensory equipment involved in external host discrimination in a solitary parasitoid wasp

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1145-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
MarlÈne Goubault ◽  
Anne Marie Cortesero ◽  
Chrystelle Paty ◽  
Julie Fourrier ◽  
Sonia Dourlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

scholarly journals Conspecific and heterospecific host discrimination in two parasitoid species of the mealybug Pseudococcus viburni, the solitary Leptomastix epona and the gregarious Pseudaphycus flavidulus

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karamaouna ◽  
M.J.W. Copland
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
Secondary Sex Ratio ◽  
Gregarious Parasitoid ◽  
Pseudococcus Viburni ◽  
Augmentative Releases

Leptomastix epona (Walker) and Pseudaphycus flavidulus (Brèthes) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) are endoparasitoids of the mealybug Pseudococus viburni (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Leptomastix epona is a solitary parasitoid originating from Europe and P. flavidulus is a gregarious parasitoid from South America. Conspecific and heterospecific host discrimination was examined between unparasitised female adult mealybugs and others already parasitized, at different time intervals between the primary and the following oviposition. Female wasps of L. epona discriminate between unparasitized hosts and hosts parasitized 0-96 hours previously by a conspecific selecting more often the first over the latter for oviposition. Females of P. flavidulus discriminate between unparasitized hosts and hosts parasitized prior to 0-72 hours by a conspecific. Conspecific superparasitism also occurs in both parasitoid species. The secondary sex ratio of L. epona and the clutch size of P. flavidulus are not affected by superparasitism whereas the secondary sex ratio of P. flavidulus in superparasitized hosts is more male biased than in single parasitized hosts. The solitary parasitoid L. epona does not discriminate between unparasitized hosts and hosts parasitized by P. flavidulus 0-3 or 24 hours previously. Nevertheless the gregarious parasitoid P. flavidulus discriminates between unparasitized hosts and hosts parasitized by L. epona 0-3 hours earlier, but it oviposits without discrimination in hosts heterospecifically parasitized 24 hours beforehand. When multiparasitism occurs at 0-3 hours after the first oviposition, L. epona is a superior competitor regardless of which species oviposits first. However, when the time interval between the two ovipositions is 24 hours, the probability of the offspring of P. flavidulus winning the competition with L. epona increases when either species oviposits first. The potential effect of multiparasitism on parasitoid coexistence is discussed in relation to prospects for multiplespecies introductions or augmentative releases for the biological control of the mealybug.

DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN SELF- AND CONSPECIFIC-PARASITIZED HOSTS IN THE APHID PARASITOID PRAON PEQUODORUM VIERECK (HYMENOPTERA: APHIDIIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Danyk ◽  
M. Mackauer
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Type Host ◽  
Host Type ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
Preference Tests

AbstractWe evaluated host discrimination and oviposition restraint in the wasp Praon pequodorum Viereck, a solitary parasitoid of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). In dichotomous preference tests, wasps attacked more unparasitized than equally available parasitized aphids, and more self-parasitized aphids than aphids parasitized by conspecific females. The conditional probability of a female laying an egg into an attacked aphid was independent of the host type. Host discrimination apparently involves a volatile and individual-specific pheromone marker. Females expecting to compete with other (conspecific) wasps for a limited host supply may ensure possession of the host by self superparasitism. Because host examination requires considerably more time than oviposition in P. pequodorum (and eggs contain few resources), it may be adaptive for a female to lay an egg in an examined host regardless of variations in host quality.

Discovery of the genus Venanides Mason 1981 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) in Europe, with description of a new species parasitizing Carcina quercana (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Peleopodidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Mark R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Species ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The small Microgastrinae genus Venanides is recorded from Europe (Netherlands, Germany and Czech Republic) for the first time, where one species, Venanides carcinae sp. nov., described here, proves to be a regular solitary parasitoid of Carcina quercana. Outline notes on its biology, phenology and abundance are given.

scholarly journals Volatile metabolites of willows determining host discrimination by adult Plagiodera versicolora

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahao Ling ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Guo Yang ◽  
Tongming Yin
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Plagiodera Versicolora ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
Hexenyl Acetate ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractPlagiodera versicolora Laicharting is a highly damaging leaf beetle foraging on willow leaves. In willow germplasm collections, observation has shown that Salix suchowensis Cheng was severely foraged by this leaf beetle while Salix triandra L. was damage free or only slightly damaged. Results of olfactometer bioassays show that the headspace volatiles from leaves of S. triandra significantly repelled adult beetles, suggesting that this species produces volatile repellents against P. versicolora. S. suchowensis had no effect on the beetles. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was carried out to profile the headspace volatile organic compounds and 23 compounds from leaves of the alternate species in significantly different concentrations were detected. The effects of 20 chemical analogs on host discrimination were examined. Olfactory response to these chemicals showed that o-cymene, a S. suchowensis specific constituent, significantly attracted adult P. versicolora. In contrast, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, a constituent concentrated more in S. triandra than in S. suchowensis, significantly repelled beetles. Mixing o-cymene and cis-3-hexenyl acetate in comparable concentrations as in the volatiles of S. suchowensis demonstrated that the latter could mask the attracting effect of the former, causing a neutral response by adult beetles to leaves of S. suchowensis against clean air. In addition, chemical analogs have the same effect as plants when resembling volatile organic compounds in real samples. Two volatile metabolites were detected triggering host discrimination by one of the most damaging insect pests to host and non-host willows. The two metabolites are of considerable potential for use as olfactory signs in managing the beetles.

Plant-Inhabiting Ant Utilizes Chemical Cues for Host Discrimination

Biotropica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany L. Weir ◽  
Scott Newbold ◽  
Jorge M. Vivanco ◽  
Megan van Haren ◽  
Christopher Fritchman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Host Discrimination
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