scholarly journals The Moral Dimensions of Open

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Ansolabehere ◽  
Cheryl Ball ◽  
Medha Devare ◽  
Tee Guidotti ◽  
Bill Priedhorsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Copyright Restriction ◽  
Current Mechanism

Scholarly publishing is currently undergoing a digital-era transition that provides both opportunities and challenges for improving the moral dimensions of this enterprise. The stakeholders in scholarly publishing need to consider the moral foundations of knowledge production and access that underlie models of scholarly publishing. This report identifies seven moral dimensions and principles to open-access scholarship and data.OSI2016 Workgroup QuestionDoes society have a moral imperative to share knowledge freely, immediately, and without copyright restriction? A legal imperative? Why or why not? What about research funded by governments? Corporations? Cancer research? For that matter, is our current mechanism for funding scholarly publishing just or unjust? What other models are there? What are the pros and cons of these models? What is the likelihood of change?

scholarly journals What Are The Moral Dimensions of Open?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Ansolabehere ◽  
Cheryl Ball ◽  
Medha Devare ◽  
Tee Guidotti ◽  
Bill Priedhorsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Copyright Restriction ◽  
Current Mechanism

Does society have a moral imperative to share knowledge freely, immediately, and without copyright restriction? A legal imperative? Why or why not? What about research funded by governments? Corporations? Cancer research? For that matter, is our current mechanism for funding scholarly publishing just or unjust? What other models are there? What are the pros and cons of these models? What is the likelihood of change?

The Moral Frameworks and Foundations of Contesting Orientations

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Light Shields ◽  
Christopher D. Funk ◽  
Brenda Light Bredemeier
Keyword(s):  
Correlational Analysis ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletes ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Group Loyalty ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Moral Frameworks ◽  
Partnership Approach

According to contesting theory (Shields & Bredemeier, 2011), people conceptualize competition either through a metaphor of partnership or war. These two alternate metaphors suggest differing sociomoral relationships among the participants. In the current study of intercollegiate athletes (n = 610), we investigated the two approaches to contesting in relation to formalist and consequentialist moral frameworks (Brady & Wheeler, 1996) and individualizing and binding moral foundations (Haidt, 2001). Correlational analysis indicated that the partnership approach correlated significantly with all four moral dimensions, while the war approach correlated with formalist and consequentialist frameworks and binding foundations (i.e., appeals to in-group loyalty, authority, and purity). Multiple regressions demonstrated that the best predictors of a partnership approach were formalist thinking and endorsement of individualizing moral foundations (i.e., appeal to fairness and welfare). Among our primary variables, the best predictors of a war orientation were consequentialist thinking and endorsement of binding foundations.

scholarly journals Indigenous Knowledges and Scholarly Publishing

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
White Male ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Editorial Process ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
Peer Reviewers

At its core, academic knowledge production is predicated on Western notions of knowledge historically grounded in a Euro-American, White, male worldview. As a component of academic knowledge production, scholarly publishing shares the same basis of Whiteness. It excludes knowledge that doesn’t conform to White, Western notions of knowledge, forces conformity to (and therefore reinforcement of) a Western standard of writing/knowledge, and leads to a reverence of peer-reviewed literature as the only sound source of knowledge. As a tool of scholarly publishing and the editorial process, blind peer review, though perhaps well-intentioned, is fraught with problems, especially for BIPOC researchers and writers, because it fails in its intended purpose to drastically reduce or eliminate bias and racism in the peer review and editorial processes; shields peer reviewers and editors against accusations of bias, racism, or conflicts of interest; and robs BIPOC, and particularly Indigenous, writers and researchers from having the opportunity to develop relationships with those that are reviewing and publishing their work.

A Century of Experimentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-769
Author(s):  
Alexey Ivanov ◽  
Elena Voinikanis
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Mode Of Production

The Soviet system of knowledge production based on cooperation, knowledge sharing, but also intense competition was already an inspiration for innovation policymakers in the U.S. and in Europe back in the 1950 and 1960s. Nowadays, as the global economy is moving towards a new mode of production, the Soviet case may still play an important role to help to frame a better institutional approach to innovation. With the dramatic challenges already brought by the fourth industrial revolution and the tectonic economic and social shifts it is expected to cause around the world, the Soviet case with all its pros and cons is becoming more and more relevant for this debate as it provides necessary empirical data to consider other institutional approaches to innovation distinct from the established property-focused model. In this context, intellectual property and competition law scholars hopefully would better understand the Soviet innovation system through further academic studies.

scholarly journals Making the provincial relevant? Embracing the provincialization of continental European geographies

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Myriam Houssay-Holzschuch
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Specific Position ◽  
English Speaking

Abstract. English-speaking hegemony shapes the geography of legitimate knowledge production in our discipline, pushing geographies in other languages and traditions to the periphery. The overall phenomenon has overshadowed these peripheries' diversity and what is at stake within them. I argue that continental European geographies occupy a specific position – they have been provincialized rather than peripheralized. This provincialization should not be lamented. Given our colonial past and Northern privilege, we should instead embrace this provincialization as long overdue and a moral imperative. I subsequently explore a few provincialization-embracing postures – all with merit, none unproblematic – that we can adopt for fieldwork and writing. I then propose practical steps that continental European geographies can take toward a more ethical and cosmopolitan praxis.

Transaksi Cryptocurrency dalam Pandangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Hardian Satria Jati ◽  
Ahmad Arif Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
Pros And Cons

The increasingly widespread development of the digital era has led to changes in the payment system which then affects the economic behavior of the community in line with the increase in various services that facilitate economic activity. An example is the emergence of crypto currency or Cryptocurrency as a digital currency that has almost the same function as other currencies. The thing that distinguishes this digital currency from conventional currencies in general is that it does not have a physical form of money like currency currency but only a block of data bound by a hash as validation. Although it provides a number of advantages for its users, the existence of cryptocurrencies in Indonesia itself is still experiencing pros and cons in terms of regulation and legality, especially from the point of view of Islamic law for its use. Therefore, this study was conducted to review cryptocurrencies that are widely used in transactions, especially investments from the perspective of Islamic law. This research is a qualitative library research. The data analysis technique used is descriptive-analytical with a normative juridical approach to Islamic law. Based on a number of references used in this study, it is known that investing with cryptocurrencies has a very high risk because its value can go up or down drastically and unpredictable. Meanwhile, from the point of view of Islamic sharia law, the law of this cryptocurrency transaction is haram lighairihi.

Daimon and psyche: ethical reflections on a numinous marriage

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-225
Author(s):  
Cécile Rozuel
Keyword(s):  
Moral Imperative ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Ethical Reflections

The daimon captures the irresistible attraction and danger of the unconscious. When the daimon calls, we are faced with a choice: to work with it or to refuse its call. Either way, the decision is ours, and so is our responsibility for whatever ensues. In this paper, I discuss the moral dimensions of a daimonic encounter and the implications it has for conscious behaviour. In particular, I contend that the paradoxical qualities of the daimon, and its profound effects on our existence, support the moral imperative of honest psychological work.

scholarly journals Moral Foundations of U.S. Political News Organizations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Edward Padfield ◽  
Erin Michelle Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
News Coverage ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Supreme Court Justice ◽  
Political News ◽  
News Sources ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
The Media ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Political Divide

The media ecosystem has grown, and political opinions have diverged such that there are competing conceptions of objective truth. Commentators often point to political biases in news coverage as a catalyst for this political divide. The Moral Foundations Dictionary (MFD) facilitates identification of ideological leanings in text through frequency of the occurrence of certain words. Through web scraping, the researchers extracted articles from popular news sources' websites, calculated MFD word frequencies, and identified words' respective valences. This process attempts to uncover news outlets' positive or negative endorsements of certain moral dimensions concomitant with a particular ideology. In Experiment 1, the researchers gathered political articles from four sources. We were unable to reveal significant differences in moral or political endorsements, but we solidified the method to be employed in further research. In Experiment 2, the researchers expanded their number of sources to 10 and analyzed articles that pertain to two specific topics: the 2018 confirmation hearings of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh and the partial U.S. Government Shutdown of 2018-2019. Once again, no significant differences in moral or political endorsements were found.

scholarly journals Exercising radical democracy

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Aaron Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Relational Art ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
New Crop

The utopian promise of the digital era and the seemingly open, democratic power of the Internet have raised the hopes of activists and documentarians alike. The immediacy, reciprocity and accessibility of the emergent communication technologies appeared to be particularly suitable for media projects that aspire to mobilise for action, engage communities, and challenge the existing power structures in order to have direct influence on policy making. Over the last ten years, a whole new crop of documentary projects involving new modalities and unorthodox ways of knowledge production came into existence. Interestingly, the rise of this particular form coincided with the global economic crisis and a number of social and political upheavals of epochal proportions. Documentary representation, like all other forms of cultural expression, was not immune to those shifts. This article looks at the ensuing crisis of representation as linked to contemporary documentary practice, and examines some of the ways the new, web-based forms of documentary use polyvocality to engage their audience, build communities, and mobilise in struggles for social change. It features several examples and draws on the existing documentary theory, as well as the implicit, yet rarely invoked, links to the so-called “relational art”.

scholarly journals The future of film-making: Data-driven movie-making techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Nadide Gizem Akgülgil Mutlu
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Art World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Film Making

Since the term ‘big data’ came to the scene, it has left almost no industry unaffected. Even the art world has taken advantage of the benefits of big data. One of the latest art forms, cinema, eventually started using analytics to predict their audience and their tastes through data mining. In addition to online platforms like Netflix, Amazon Prime and many more, which act on a different basis, the industry itself evolved to a new phase that uses AI in pre-production, production, post-production and distribution phases. This paper researches software, such as Cinelytic, ScriptBook and LargoAI, and their working strategies to understand the role of directors and producers in the age of the digital era in film-making. The research aims to find answers to the capabilities of data-driven movie-making techniques and, accordingly, it makes a number of predictions about the role of human beings in the production of an artwork and analyses the role of the software. The research also investigates the pros and cons of using big data in the film-making industry.   Keywords: Artificial intelligence, cinema, data mining, film-making.

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