scholarly journals Analgesic and Anxiolytic Activities of Achillea Biebersteinii: Evidence for the Involvement of GABAergic Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442
Author(s):  
Manal Ahmad Abbas ◽  
Sahar Majdi Jaffal ◽  
Belal Omar Al-Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Gabab Receptors ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Achillea Biebersteinii ◽  
Plant Constituents ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Gabaa And Gabab Receptors ◽  
High Doses

Achillea biebersteinii (Asteraceae) is used in traditional medicine for treating abdominal pain, menstrual pain and headache. The analgesic, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of this plant were studied. Moreover, molecular docking technique was used for plant constituents to determine their energy of binding against GABAA and GABAB receptors. A. biebersteinii decreased flinching in early and late phases of formalin test and increased the time in hot plate test. In forced swimming test, no difference in immobility time was found. In open field test, high doses decreased the crossed lines number and rearing behavior. A. biebersteinii increased the time that the animals spent in the open arm side of elevated plus maze apparatus. Both bicuculline and SCH 50911 reversed A. biebersteinii action. Lavndulyl-2-methylbutanoate and sesquisabinene hydrate, showed the lowest binding energies for both GABAA and GABAB receptors. In conclusion, A. biebersteinii exerted analgesic, anxiolytic but no antidepressant activity. Its effect involved interaction with GABAA and GABAB systems.

scholarly journals Screening for antidepressant, sedative and analgesic activities of novel fused thiophene derivatives

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagnat Wardakhan ◽  
Omar Abdel-Salam ◽  
Gamal Elmegeed
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Thiourea Derivatives ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Thiophene Derivatives ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Screening for antidepressant, sedative and analgesic activities of novel fused thiophene derivativesThis study was aimed at the synthesis of fused benzothiophene derivatives containing heterocyclic moiety. The reaction of the tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene derivatives1a,bwith ethoxycarbonylisothiocyanate afforded the thiourea derivatives2a,b.Cyclization of the latter products gave the annulated benzo[b]thienopyrimidine derivatives3a,b.Compounds2a,band3aunderwent a series of heterocyclization reactions through the reaction with some chemical reagents to give the new benzo[b]thienopyrimidine derivatives5a,bto8a-c.Also, this work was extended to study the potential role of the novel synthesized thiourea derivative2aand benzo[b]thienopyrimidine derivatives3a, 5b, 6aand8bas antidepressant, sedative or analgesic agents at two doses (15 or 30 mg kg-1body mass). Some compounds (2a, 3aand5b) showed mild antidepressant activity in the forced-swimming test. No compound showed sedative effect. Visceral pain evoked byi.p.injection of acetic acid in mice was significantly inhibited by all compounds at a high doses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidepressant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Abies webbiana and Berberis aristata in Laboratory Animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucheta Gautam ◽  
Neetu Sachan ◽  
Alankar Shrivastav ◽  
Dilipkumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test

Abstract Objective: Abies webbiana and Berberis aristata is an herbal plant that has several therapeutic effects. It also heals depression, grief, nervous stress and tension. In the present study we evaluated anti-depressant effect of ethanolic extract from Abies webbiana and Berberis aristata by using Forced Swimming Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). Methods: Two doses of ethanolic extract of Abies webbiana and berberis aristata (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was given orally. Immobility time were measured after 30 min after the dosing and compared with control group and Flouxetine (25mg/kg) as a standard group. Results: The ethanolic extract of BA and AW (400 mg/kg) was found to be effective and it exhibited activity similar to that of the conventional drug Flouxetine (25mg/kg) (p<0.001) whereas 200 mg/kg dose showed higher activity with significantly increased swimming time and suspension time and decreased immobility time than 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extracts and Flouxetine (25mg/kg). Conclusion: These results proposed 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extract was showed higher anti-depressant activity as compared to control which is similar to the standard.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF PILEA MICROPHYLLA IN MICE

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DARAH IBRAHIM ◽  
AMIR MODARRESI CHAHARDEHI ◽  
FARID ABOLHASSANI
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
High Doses

To date, the search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illnesses has significantly progressed. This study investigated the effect of selected crude extracts from Pilea microphylla in the mouse forced test (FST) and in the tail suspension test (TST), two models predictive of antidepressant activity. Selected crude extracts from Pilea microphylla produced an antidepressant–like effect, since the acute treatment of mice with extracts by intraperitoneal (i.p.) route significantly reduced the immobility time in the FST (50 and 100 mg/kg) and TST (50 and 100 mg/kg), as compared to positive controls (haloperidol and fluoxetine) at 1 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. The antidepressant–like effect of extracts was found to be significant at high doses, followed by an increase in the immobility time at dose of 100 mg/kg. A significant decreased of immobility was also found on the third day at the concentration of 100 mg/kg of chloroform extract of Pilea microphylla from extraction method II (CEPM II) and ethyl acetate extract of Pilea microphyllafrom extraction method II (EAEPM II); (except methanol extract ofPilea microphylla from extraction method I (MEPM I) at 100 mg/kg) with respect to the first day. Ethyl acetate and chloroform extract from extraction method II when administered at an acute dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight (P < 0.05) reduced the immobility time. Among all the three selected extracts with two doses administered there were differences compared to the control, EAEPM II led to reduction of immobility time, in the FST method by 38.50% for 50 mg/kg to as much as 75.97% for 100 mg/kg. Similar results of increased antidepressant effect, that was, of immobility time depending on the concentration administered, were obtained with the TST method. These results suggested the anti–depression activity of the plant extract. Therefore, P. microphylla may be served as a potential resource for natural psychotherapeutic agent against depression. However, further studies are still required.

scholarly journals Study on Antidepressant Activity of Pseudo-Ginsenoside HQ on Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-xue Chen ◽  
Zeng Qi ◽  
Zi-jun Shao ◽  
Shan-shan Li ◽  
Yu-li Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Tropomyosin Related Kinase B ◽  
Factor Α

Suppressive effects of ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), (24R)-pseudo-ginsenoside HQ (R-PHQ), and (24S)-pseudo-ginsenoside HQ (S-PHQ) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like behavior were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in mice. Pretreatment with Rh2, R-PHQ, and S-PHQ significantly decreased immobility time in FST and TST with clear dose-dependence, and significantly downregulated levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, and upregulated superoxide dismutase activity in the hippocampus of LPS-challenged mice. Furthermore, R-PHQ and S-PHQ significantly increased the expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), sirtuin type 1 (Sirt1), and nuclear-related factor 2, and inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor of κB-α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the hippocampus of LPS-challenged mice. Additionally, the antidepressant-like effect of R-PHQ was found related to the dopaminergic (DA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, and noradrenaline systems, while the antidepressive effect of S-PHQ was involved in the DA and GABAergic systems. Taken together, these results suggested that Rh2, R-PHQ, and S-PHQ produced significant antidepressant-like effects, which may be related to the BDNF/TrkB and Sirt1/NF-κB signaling pathways.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN-D ON RESERPINE INDUCED DEPRESSION IN MICE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Borah L ◽  
Lahkar M ◽  
Dasgupta S
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
High Doses

 Objective: Low levels of folic acid and deficiency of Vitamin D have been found to be associated with poor mood and depression. This study was designed to investigate whether these vitamins show antidepressant activity in models of depression in mice.Methods: Reserpine was used to induce depression in the study groups. Low and high doses of folic acid and Vitamin D as well as combinations of these vitamins in low and high doses were administered after induction of depression. The test animals were then tested on forced swim test, tail suspension test, and open field test models for evaluation of the antidepressant activity.Results: After 2 weeks of drug treatment, all the treated groups showed a significant reduction in immobility time in both the test models (p<0.05). High dose folic acid showed consistently greater antidepressant property in all the test models throughout the study period. High dose Vitamin D (p<0.05) also showed good antidepressant activity after 2 weeks, the delayed antidepressant effect of which might be attributable to the molecular mechanism of action of Vitamin D.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that both folic acid and Vitamin D have antidepressant activity. The antidepressant activity of high dose folic acid (50 mg/kg) in reserpine-induced depression in mice at the end of 2 weeks was more pronounced in our study. Studies with longer duration of treatment are warranted to further evaluate their antidepressant effect.

scholarly journals Tramadol Pretreatment Enhances Ketamine-Induced Antidepressant Effects and Increases Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yang ◽  
Wen-Yuan Li ◽  
Hai-Yin Yu ◽  
Zhi-Qin Gao ◽  
Xiang-Liu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Fast Acting

Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that acute administration of ketamine elicits fast-acting antidepressant effects. Moreover, tramadol also has potential antidepressant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment with tramadol on ketamine-induced antidepressant activity and was to determine the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Rats were intraperitoneally administrated with ketamine at the dose of 10 mg/kg or saline 1 h before the second episode of the forced swimming test (FST). Tramadol or saline was intraperitoneally pretreated 30 min before the former administration of ketamine or saline. The locomotor activity and the immobility time of FST were both measured. After that, rats were sacrificed to determine the expression of mTOR in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Tramadol at the dose of 5 mg/kg administrated alone did not elicit the antidepressant effects. More importantly, pretreatment with tramadol enhanced the ketamine-induced antidepressant effects and upregulated the expression of mTOR in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Pretreatment with tramadol enhances the ketamine-induced antidepressant effects, which is associated with the increased expression of mTOR in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals Antidepressant activity of Citrus limetta leaves in mice using battery of behavior models modulating via serotonergic systems 

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Kaur ◽  
Manisha Bhatia ◽  
Parminder Nain
Keyword(s):  
Video Clip ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Full Screen ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Model ◽  
Citrus Limetta

The methanolic extract of Citrus limetta leaves was estimated in the present study for antidepressant activity. This activity was evaluated by using the rat behavioral model i.e. forced swimming and tail suspension model for 14 days, with estimation of neurotransmitters in animals brain. The sedative effect was evaluated by actophotometer. The extract (200 mg/kg) administered orally showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in immobility time against the standard drug fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i.p), and imipramine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) respectively but no significant reduction was found in the locomotor activity against diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.). In depression, the brain reflected low monoamines level like release of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin but 14 days after successive administration of the extract, their levels were significantly increased. In conclusion, C. limetta showed significant antidepressant activity.   Video Clip of Methodology: Forced swimming test: 6 min 17 sec:  Full Screen   Alternate

Evaluation of Antidepressant-like Effect of Clitoria ternatea Linn.

2021 ◽  
pp. 6437-6441
Author(s):  
Shruti Mittal ◽  
Prashant Gupta ◽  
Vijay Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
World Population ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test

Depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder, which affects 21% of the world population. The presently using drugs can impose a variety of side-effects including cardiac toxicity, hypopiesia, sexual dysfunction, body weight gain, and sleep disorder. Ayurvedic medicine may be a powerful weapon given by our nature to cure disease. Considering the importance of plants as sources of drugs even today people are adopting different herbal drugs for the treatment of assorted diseases. During the last decade, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic effects of natural products on mental disorders. This study planned to assess antidepressant like activity of methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea Linn. (fabaceae). Soxhlet extraction method was used for methanolic extraction. Antidepressant activity was studied using forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Two doses 200 and 400 mg/kg of methanolic extract of flower were selected for testing. Imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were used as the reference standard drugs. Methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea flower significantly reduced immobility time in both TST and FST. Extract increased the climbing behavior in FST, which is similar to effect observed with imipramine. The results of this study suggest that antidepressant like effect of Clitoria ternatea seems to be mediated by an increase in norepinephrine level in synapses. However further study is needed to understand mechanism of action and to isolate the active component responsible for antidepressant like activity.

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Prevents Depression via Alleviating Hippocampus Injury in Chronic Stressed Depression Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Jie Kang ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Yongchang Duan ◽  
Lin Zhai ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Glutamatergic System ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Neurotoxic Effects ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

(1) Background: Depression is one of the overwhelming public health problems. Alleviating hippocampus injury may prevent depression development. Herein, we established the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and aimed to investigate whether aerobic exercise (AE) could alleviate CUMS induced depression-like behaviors and hippocampus injury. (2) Methods: Forty-eight healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (control, CUMS, CUMS + 7 days AE, CUMS + 14 days AE). Rats with AE treatments were subjected to 45 min treadmill per day. (3) Results: AE intervention significantly improved CUMS-induced depressive behaviors, e.g., running square numbers and immobility time assessed by the open field and forced swimming test, suppressed hippocampal neuron apoptosis, reduced levels of phosphorylation of NMDA receptor and homocysteine in hippocampus, as well as serum glucocorticoids, compared to the CUMS rats. In contrast, AE upregulated phosphorylation of AMPAR receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) hippocampus in CUMS depression rats. The 14 day-AE treatment exhibited better performance than 7 day-AE on the improvement of the hippocampal function. (4) Conclusion: AE might be an efficient strategy for prevention of CUMS-induced depression via ameliorating hippocampus functions. Underlying mechanisms may be related with glutamatergic system, the neurotoxic effects of homocysteine, and/or influences in glucocorticoids-BDNF expression interaction.

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