scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Vitamin A and E in Pharmaceutical Formulations and fruit Samples Using Fe(II)-1-Nitroso-2-Napthol Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2948-2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Mamta Kamboj
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Coloured Complex ◽  
Pre Treatment

A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of vitamin A and vitamin E using Fe(II)-1-nitroso-2-napthol detection system is reported. The in situ reduced Fe(II) formed green coloured complex with 1-nitroso-2-napthol which gives an absorption maxima at 708nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the range 4.0-14.0μg/mL for vitamin A and 4.0-24.0μg/mL for vitamin E with relative standard deviation 1.7% for vitamin A and 2.2% for vitamin E. The molar absorptivity was found to be 1.3×104 L mol-1 cm-1 for vitamin A and 2.5×104 L mol-1 cm-1 for vitamin E with the co-relation coefficients 0.996 and 0.935 for vitamin A and vitamin E respectively. Optimization of various factors was done to get the maximum absorption value. The proposed method is utilized satisfactorily for pharmaceuticals, milk sample,fruit sample and different liquid samples of vitamin A and vitamin E by pre treatment of samples.

scholarly journals A sensitive spectrophotometric determination of tadalafil in pharmaceutical preparations and industrial wastewater samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

A simple, accurate, precise, rapid, economical and a high sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tadalafil in pharmaceutical preparations and industrial wastewater samples, which shows a maximum absorbance at 204 nm in 1:1 ethanol-water. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 1-7?g/ mL ,with molar absorptivity and Sandell ? s sensitivity of 0.783x105l/mol.cm and 4.97 ng/cm2respectively, relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.7%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 0. 13. The limits of detection and quantitation are 0.18 and 0.54 µg .ml-1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of tadalafil in some pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of tadalafil in true samples.

scholarly journals Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Nortriptyline Hydrochloride Using Sudan II, IV and Black B

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
A. Amin ◽  
H. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Nortriptyline Hydrochloride

A simple spectrophotometric methods has been developed for the determination of nortriptyline hydrochloride in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations based on the formation of ion-pair complexes with sudun II (SII), sudan (IV) (SIV) and sudan black B (SBB). The selectivity of the method was improved through extraction with chloroform. The optimum conditions for complete extracted colour development were assessed. The absorbance measurements were made at 534, 596 and 649 nm for SII, SIV and SBB complexes, respectively. The calibration graph was linear in the ranges 0.5- 280. 0.5- 37.5 and 0.5 – 31.0 μg ml−1 of the drug usiny the same reagents, respectively. The precision of the procedure was checked by calculating the relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations on 15 μg ml−1 of nortriptyline HCI and was found to be 1.7, 1.3 and 1.55% using SII, SIV, and SBB complexes, respectively. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity for each ion-pair were calculated. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the deterniination of pure nortriptyline HCI and in pharmaceutical formulations, and the results demonstrated that the method is equally accurate, precise and reproducible as the official method.

Validated Spectrophotometric Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate in Pharmaceutical Formulations using Alizarin Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
El Sheikh R ◽  
Hassan W. S. ◽  
Gouda A. A. ◽  
Al OwairdhiA. ◽  
Al Hassani K K H
Keyword(s):  
Standard Addition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Rizatriptan Benzoate ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Relative Standard

Two simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and economical spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for the determination of rizatriptan benzoate (RZT) in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. These methods were based on the formation of charge transfer complex between RZT as n-electron donor and alizarin red S (ARS) or quinalizarin (Quinz) as π-acceptor in methanol to form highly colored chromogens which showed an absorption maximum at 532 and 574 nm using ARS and Quinz, respectively. The optimization of the reaction conditions such as the type of solvent, reagent concentration and reaction time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 1.0-16 and 2.0-20 g mL-1 using ARS and Quinz, respectively with good correlation coefficient (r2 ≥ 0.9996) and with a relative standard deviation (RSD% ≤ 1.16). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were also calculated. The methods were successfully applied to the determination of RZT in its pharmaceutical formulations and the validity assesses by applying the standard addition technique. Results obtained by the proposed methods for the pure RZT and commercial tablets agreed well with those obtained by the reported method.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Pipazethate Hydrochloride in Pure Form and in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragaa El-Shiekh ◽  
Alaa S Amin ◽  
Faten Zahran ◽  
Ayman A Gouda
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Acetate Buffer Solution ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimum Ph

Abstract Three simple, sensitive, and reproducible spectrophotometric methods (AC) for the determination of pipazethate hydrochloride (PiCl) in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations are described. The first and second methods, A and B, are based on the oxidation of the drug by Fe3+ in the presence of o-phenanthroline (o-phen) or bipyridyl (bipy). The formation of tris-complex upon reactions with Fe3+-o-phen and/or Fe3+-bipy mixture in an acetate buffer solution of the optimum pH values was demonstrated at 510 and 522 nm, respectively, with o-phen and bipy. The third method, C, is based on the reduction of Fe(III) by PiCl in acid medium and subsequent interaction of Fe(II) with ferricyanide to form Prussian blue, which exhibits an absorption maximum at 750 nm. The concentration ranges are from 0.5 to 8, 2 to 16, and 3 to 15 g/mL for Methods AC, respectively. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were calculated. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection and quantitation limits were calculated. The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of PiCl in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from common excipients. The relative standard deviations were 0.83% with recoveries of 98.9101.15%.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a new organic probe 4-(4 acetamidophenylazo) pyrogallol for spectrophotometric determination of Bi(III) and Al(III) in pharmaceutical samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-126
Author(s):  
Jumana W. Ammar ◽  
Zainab A. Khan ◽  
Marwa N. Ghazi ◽  
Naser A. Naser
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Linear Solvation Energy

Abstract A modern development discusses the synthesis and validity of simple, sensitive, and versatile spectrophotometric methods for Bi(III) and Al(III) determination in pharmaceutical formulations have been conducted. In the present paper, 4-(4 acetamidophenylazo) pyrogallol has been synthesized as a new organic compound, 4-APAP, by coupling pyrogallol in a regulated pH medium with diazotized p-aminoacetanilide. 4-APAP was identified by methods of FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and thermal analysis (thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry). Solvatochromic activity was also studied in solvents with different polarities. The Kamlet and Taft linear solvation energy relationship was used to correlate shifts in UV-Visible spectra of 4-APAP with Kamlet-Taft parameters (α, β, and π*). The optimum assay conditions showed linearity from 0.3–13 to 0.5–11 μg·mL−1 for Bi(III) and Al(III), respectively. Molar absorptivity values were 3.365 × 104 and 0.356 × 104 L·mol−1·cm−1 for Bi(III) and Al(III), with similar Sandell's sensitivity measures of 0.006 and 0.008 μg·cm−2. Detection limits and quantification limits were 0.013 and 0.043 μg·mL−1 for Bi(III), respectively, and 0.018 and 0.059 μg·mL−1 for Al(III) with the relative standard deviation for determination of both metal ions using 4-APAP probe being <2.0%. The validity, accuracy, and efficiency of the approaches were demonstrated by the determination of Bi(III) and Al(III) in different formulations.

scholarly journals Determination of Meropenem by Spectrophotometric-Application to Pharmaceutical Preparations

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Nada A. Khalil ◽  
Walada H. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Better Than

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was described for the determination of Meropenem in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations. 2,3 dichloro 5,6 dicyano 1,4 benzoquinone(DDQ)has been used for determination of meropenem by formation of charge transfer complex measured at 345 nm.Beer᾽s law is obeyed in the concentration range of (0.625-12.5µg/ml) The molar absorptivity (2.3889×104)l.mol1-.cm1-,Sandellʹs sensitivity index is 0.0161µg.cm2-,The method is precise (relative standard deviation RSD% is better than ±3.32%) and accurate (relative error in the range of -0.97 to-0.60%)  depending on the concentration  level. The method was applied succefully to the assay of Meropenem in pharmaceutical preparation in the form of injection.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.25.2020.012

scholarly journals Colorimetric Determination of Paracetamol Using 9-Chloroacridine Reagent: Application to Pharmaceutical Formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Firas Hassan Awad
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Recovery Percentage ◽  
The Stability

This paper aims to develop a simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of paracetamol in aqueous medium. The method is based on the reaction between the hydrolyzed paracetamol and 9-chloroacridine reagent (9-CA). The spectra of the product show maximum absorption at 436 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.25-11 µg/mL with molar absorptivity value 5.3x103 L/mol/cm. The average recovery percentage (Rec%) is 99.27% and relative standard deviation (RSD) is :: 2.82%. In addition, the stability constant has been determined and the reaction mechanism is proposed. The method has been applied successfully for the assay of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations. It is found that the method does not require extraction process and it agree well with British pharmacopeia.    

scholarly journals Eco- Friendly Method for the Estimation of Warfarin Sodium in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Environmental Wastewater Samples

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nief Rahman Ahmed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Warfarin Sodium ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Wastewater Samples

A simple, precise, accurate, rapid, economical and sensitive ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical preparations and environmental wastewater samples, which shows maximum absorbance at 310 nm in distilled water. Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 2-30μg/ ml ,with molar absorptivity of 1.1 ×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 , relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.8%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 1.0 . The method was successfully applied to the determination of warfarin sodium in some pharmaceutical formulations (Tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of warfarin sodium in true samples.

scholarly journals Direct Spectrophotometric Determination of Glimepiride in Pure Form And Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Bromocresol Purple

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 6186-6198
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Ramadan ◽  
Souad Zeino
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Relative Standard

A simple, direct and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Glimepiride (GLM) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by complex formation with bromocresol purple (BCP). The method involves the formation of a yellow ion-pair complex between BCP with glimepiride at pH<3,8; after reacting GLM with Na2CO3 to give C24H33N4H+O5NaS which is extracted by chloroform. The formed complex [GLM]:[ BCP] was measured at lmax 418 nm against the reagent blank prepared in the same manner. Variables were studied in order to optimize the reaction conditions. Molar absorptivity (e) for complex was  20600  L.mol-1.cm-1. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of  1.226 – 46.608   mg.mL-1 in present of 5.0x10-4 mol/l of BCP with good correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9997). The relative standard deviation did not exceed 3.6%. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.15 and 0.46 mg.mL-1, respectively. The proposed method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy, repeatability, sensitivity (LOD and LOQ)  and robustness. The developed method is applicable for the determination of GLM in  pure and different dosage forms with average assay of 98.8 to 102.0% and the results are in good agreement with those obtained by the  RP-HPLC reference method.  

Assessment of Cymoxanil in Soil, Water and Vegetable Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Sahu ◽  
Manish Kumar Rai ◽  
Joyce Rai ◽  
Yaman Kumar Sahu ◽  
Deepak Kumar Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Starch Solution ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Coloured Complex

The present work describes a newly developed method for the spectrophotometric determination of cymoxanil in soil, water and vegetable samples. The detection of the target chemical substance is based on the reaction of cyanide released from the hydrolysed product of cymoxanil with potassium iodide-potassium iodate to form a blue-coloured complex in the presence of starch solution. This complex is water-soluble and shows maximum absorbance at 580 nm. For this complex, Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 2-50 μg mL−1 with molar absorptivity 1.2×105 L mol-1cm-1 and Sandell’s sensitivity 1.0×10-3 µg cm-2. The reproducibility was assessed by carrying out seven days replicate analysis of a solution containing 10 µgmL-1 of cymoxanil in a final solution of a volume of 10 mL. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation for the absorbance value were found to be ± 2.9×10-3 and 1.6% respectively. The proposed method is free from the interference of other toxicants. The analytical parameters were optimized and the method was applied to the determination of cymoxanil in water, soil, and vegetable samples.

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