Activation / Inhibition System and Family Function in the Patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizure, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Control Groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Asra Bagherzade ◽  
Arash mani ◽  
Ali firoozabadi ◽  
Aliakbar asadipooya
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Family Function ◽  
And Control

Responses of Deep Entorhinal Cortex are Epileptiform in an Electrogenic Rat Model of Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan B. Fountain ◽  
Jonathan Bear ◽  
Edward H. Bertram ◽  
Eric W. Lothman
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Nmda Antagonist ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Inhibitory Interneurons ◽  
And Control

Fountain, Nathan B., Jonathan Bear, Edward H. Bertram III, and Eric W. Lothman. Responses of deep entorhinal cortex are epileptiform in an electrogenic rat model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 230–240, 1998. We investigated whether entorhinal cortex (EC) layer IV neurons are hyperexcitable in the post-selfsustaining limbic status epilepticus (post-SSLSE) animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy. We studied naive rats ( n = 44), epileptic rats that had experienced SSLSE resulting in spontaneous seizures ( n = 45), and electrode controls ( n = 7). There were no differences between electrode control and naive groups, which were pooled into a single control group. Intracellular and extracellular recordings were made from deep layers of EC, targeting layer IV, which was activated by stimulation of the superficial layers of EC or the angular bundle. There were no differences between epileptic and control neurons in basic cellular characteristics, and all neurons were quiescent under resting conditions. In control tissue, 77% of evoked intracellular responses consisted of a short-duration [8.6 ± 1.3 (SE) ms] excitatory postsynaptic potential and a single action potential followed by γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) and GABAB inhibitory post synaptic potentials (IPSPs). Ten percent of controls did not contain IPSPs. In chronically epileptic tissue, evoked intracellular responses demonstrated prolonged depolarizing potentials (256 ± 39 ms), multiple action potentials (13 ± 4), and no IPSPs. Ten percent of epileptic responses were followed by rhythmic “clonic” depolarizations. Epileptic responses exhibited an all-or-none response to progressive increases in stimulus intensity and required less stimulation to elicit action potentials. In both epileptic and control animals, intracellular responses correlated precisely in morphology and duration with extracellular field potentials. Severing the hippocampus from the EC did not alter the responses. Duration of intracellular epileptic responses was reduced 22% by the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist d(−)-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV), but they did not return to normal and IPSPs were not restored. Epileptic and control responses were abolished by the non-NMDA antagonist 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2-3-dione (DNQX). A monosynaptic IPSP protocol was used to test connectivity of inhibitory interneurons to primary cells by direct activation of interneurons with a stimulating electrode placed near the recording electrode in the presence of APV and DNQX. Using this protocol, IPSPs similar to control ( P > 0.05) were seen in epileptic cells. The findings demonstrate that deep layer EC cells are hyperexcitable or “epileptiform” in this model. Hyperexcitability is not due to interactions with the hippocampus. It is due partially to augmented NMDA-mediated excitation. The lack of IPSPs in epileptic neurons may suggest inhibition is impaired, but we found evidence that inhibitory interneurons are connected to their target cells and are capable of inducing IPSPs.

Preserved monitoring and control processes in temporal lobe epilepsy.

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Andrés ◽  
Giuliana Mazzoni ◽  
Charlotte E. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Implementation of the McMaster Model in Family Therapy: Effects on Family Function in Married Couples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Pourmovahed ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani ◽  
Seyed Saied Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽  
Hassan Zareei Mahmoodabadi
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
General Function ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Emotional Responsiveness ◽  
And Control

Objective: Family function is one of the main effective factors on stability of the family. Family therapy can promote family function and performances. This study aimed to assess the effects of family therapy on family function among couples in Yazd province (Iran) based on the McMaster model. Method: The research population was selected from volunteer couples in Yazd in 2017 who were invited by publicity announcement to participate in this research. Finally, 40 couples were selected and randomly divided into 2 intervention and control groups. Participants responded to the demographic and Family Assessment Device (FAD) questionnaires. The obtained information was investigated using inferential and descriptive statistics and SPSS 21 software. Results: The results showed significant differences between the intervention and control groups in problem-solving (p = 0.01), communication (p < 0.0001), emotional responsiveness (p = 0.01), emotional involvement (p < 0.0001), and general function (p = 0.04). The roles and behavior control domains were improved after the intervention in 2 groups, but the differences were not significant. Conclusion: Family therapy based on McMaster model can promote the skills of problem- solving, family communication, emotional responsiveness, emotional involvement, and general function in couples. Healthy family functioning is an important domain of interest for mental health professionals who provide family interventions. Our findings add substantially to family professionals’ knowledge about patterns of family function in Iranian families.

Dissociation in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Pseudo-Epileptic Seizure Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 187 (12) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
JARL KUYK ◽  
PHILIP SPINHOVEN ◽  
WALTER VAN EMDE BOAS ◽  
RICHARD VAN DYCK
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epileptic Seizure

Metamemory in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Sensitivity to Repetition at Encoding

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte E. Howard ◽  
Pilar Andrés ◽  
Giuliana Mazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Unrelated Word ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Metamemory Monitoring ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to determine whether the level of metacognitive sensitivity previously observed in global Judgments-of-Learning (JOLs) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients could also be established when making item-by-item JOLs. Fourteen TLE patients and 14 control participants were compared on a memory task where 39 semantically unrelated word pairs were presented at three different levels of repetition. Thirteen word pairs were assigned to each level. A combined JOL and Feeling-of-Knowing (FOK) task was used to examine metamemory monitoring and control processes. The results showed that control participants outperformed TLE patients on recall and recognition. However, both groups were sensitive to repetition of the word pairs throughout the list, revealing intact online monitoring and control processes at encoding. These results are consistent with the findings of Howard et al. (2010) of intact metamemory in TLE patients and extend the findings of Andrés et al. (2010) of metamemory sensitivity from the global level to the item-by-item level. Finally, the current findings provide additional evidence of a dissociation between memory and metamemory in TLE patients. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–10)

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