scholarly journals Study of Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Selected Hepatic and Renal Parameters in T2DM with Vitamin D Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1975-1982
Author(s):  
Deepali S Jankar ◽  
Kanchan C Wingkar ◽  
Ajit V Sontakke ◽  
Chintamani D Bodhe
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Significant Fall ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Introduction:- Vitamin D has been studied as modifiable risk factor in DM. Apart from its role in glucose homeostasis, the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D is claimed to have important effect on beta cell survival and on hepatic cells. Vitamin D is said to have anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-fibrotic actions in liver. VDD is more prevalent in T2DM, obese and NAFLD even when these conditions occur separately. Literature states the protective effective of vitamin D on kidney. Association of VDD with albuminuria and chronic kidney disease in diabetics has also been reported. Material and Methods:- This is a type of comparative and interventional study. 63 T2DM patients aged 30 – 60 years with VDD were included. Baseline investigations determined blood levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphate, liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and serum creatitine. Patients received vitamin D intervention orally in the dose of 2000 IU daily for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks blood levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphate, liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and serum creatitine were determined. Results:- There was no correlation of vitamin D with urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, AST, ALT and ALP. There was extremely significant rise in vitamin D, significant fall in phosphate level, non-significant fall in creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP and non-significant rise in calcium, urea after 12 weeks of vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion:- There was no correlation of vitamin D with hepatic and renal parameters. Also 12 weeks of vitamin D supplementation had no significant improvement in these parameters in T2DM.

Vitamin D Supplementation Is Associated with a Reduction in Self-Reported Falls among Older Adults with Previous Fall History – Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S.D. Anton ◽  
R.T. Mankowski ◽  
P. Qiu ◽  
L. You ◽  
B.A. Bensadon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency contributes to muscle weakness and a higher risk of falls in older adults. Objectives: This study explored the impact of vitamin D supplementation on self-reported falls and physical function in older adults with low vitamin D levels and a recent fall history. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five older adults ≥ 70 years with two or more falls during the past year, low vitamin D blood levels (≥10 ng/ml and < 30 ng/mL), and slow gait speed (1.2 m/s) participated in a 6-month vitamin D supplementation (800 IU/day) study. A modified version of the Morse Fall Scale questionnaire was used to assess frequency of falls over one-year prior to study enrollment. Functional outcomes (short physical performance battery, handgrip strength, gait Timed Up and Go, and six-minute walk), and vitamin D levels were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Results: Based on diaries and pill counts, participants were generally adherent to the intervention (6 of 7 days per week). Supplementation with 800 IU/day of vitamin D for 6 months increased blood vitamin D levels from 23.25±4.8 ng/ml to 29.13±6.9 ng/ml (p<0.001). Self-reported number of falls decreased from an average of 3.76 ± 2.2 falls in one-year to 0.76 ± 1.4 falls (p <0.0001) over the 6-month intervention. No changes in functional outcome measures were observed. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation at the currently recommended dose of 800 IU/day increased blood vitamin D levels and reduced frequency of falls in older adults with low vitamin D levels and a recent fall history.

scholarly journals TRAF3 Modulation: Novel Mechanism for the Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Vitamin D Receptor Agonist Paricalcitol in Renal Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2026-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Rayego-Mateos ◽  
Jose Luis Morgado-Pascual ◽  
José Manuel Valdivielso ◽  
Ana Belén Sanz ◽  
Enrique Bosch-Panadero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Injury Models ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

BackgroundCKD leads to vitamin D deficiency. Treatment with vitamin D receptor agonists (VDRAs) may have nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions, but their mechanisms of action are poorly understood.MethodsModulation of the noncanonical NF-κB2 pathway and its component TNF receptor–associated factor 3 (TRAF3) by the VDRA paricalcitol was studied in PBMCs from patients with ESKD, cytokine-stimulated cells, and preclinical kidney injury models.ResultsIn PBMCs isolated from patients with ESKD, TRAF3 protein levels were lower than in healthy controls. This finding was associated with evidence of noncanonical NF-κB2 activation and a proinflammatory state. However, PBMCs from patients with ESKD treated with paricalcitol did not exhibit these features. Experiments in cultured cells confirmed the link between TRAF3 and NF-κB2/inflammation. Decreased TRAF3 ubiquitination in K48-linked chains and cIAP1-TRAF3 interaction mediated the mechanisms of paricalcitol action.TRAF3 overexpression by CRISPR/Cas9 technology mimicked VDRA’s effects. In a preclinical model of kidney injury, paricalcitol inhibited renal NF-κB2 activation and decreased renal inflammation. In VDR knockout mice with renal injury, paricalcitol prevented TRAF3 downregulation and NF-κB2–dependent gene upregulation, suggesting a VDR-independent anti-inflammatory effect of paricalcitol.ConclusionsThese data suggest the anti-inflammatory actions of paricalcitol depend on TRAF3 modulation and subsequent inhibition of the noncanonical NF-κB2 pathway, identifying a novel mechanism for VDRA’s effects. Circulating TRAF3 levels could be a biomarker of renal damage associated with the inflammatory state.

scholarly journals Atorvastatin Increases 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Concentrations in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1696-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan ◽  
John Shepherd ◽  
Charlotte Arnett ◽  
Anne-Marie Coady ◽  
Eric S Kilpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

BACKGROUND It has been shown that many women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) insufficient. Both statin treatment and vitamin D supplementation have been shown to improve biochemical hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, and markers of inflammation in patients with PCOS, raising the possibility that some of the statin effects are mediated through vitamin D. METHODS We conducted this randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study to assess the effect of atorvastatin on serum 25OHD concentrations in patients with PCOS. Forty medication-naive patients with PCOS were randomized to either atorvastatin 20 mg daily or placebo for 3 months. After completing the initial 3 months of atorvastatin or placebo, both groups of patients participated in a 3-month extension study with metformin 1500 mg daily. We measured changes in 25OHD concentrations by use of tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Mean (SD) baseline 25OHD concentrations were comparable between the 2 groups [45.9 (2.4) vs 44.8 (1.8) nmol/L; P = 0.7]. There was a significant increase in 25OHD concentrations with atorvastatin [45.9 (2.4) vs 60.8 (3.5) nmol/L] compared with placebo [44.8 (1.8) vs 41.8 (3.2) nmol/L; P = 0.02]. Three-month treatment with metformin maintained the improvement of 25OHD with atorvastatin compared to baseline [45.9 (2.4) vs 61.8 (3.5), P ≤ 0.01). There were no significant changes in 25OHD concentrations in the placebo group after 12 weeks of metformin. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, 12 weeks of atorvastatin led to a clinically significant rise in 25OHD concentrations. This may represent a beneficial pleiotropic effect of statins on 25OHD concentrations.

scholarly journals Impact of early malnourishment on the chronic inflammatory response and its implications for the effect of indomethacin on Wistar rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago de Oliveira Assis ◽  
Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Eryvelton de Souza Franco ◽  
Ana Catarina Rezende Leite ◽  
Silvia Regina Arruda de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether early undernutrition changes the chronic inflammatory response, so as to study its influence on pharmacological response to indomethacin. Rat offspring of dams fed from the first day of gestation to term or throughout the lactation period received a balanced diet (NN) or a basic regional diet (BRD) from northeast Brazil. According to their dams, the offspring were divided into three groups: NN; basic regional diet during gestation (BRD-g, undernourished during gestation); basic regional diet during gestation and lactation (BRD-gl, undernourished during gestation and lactation). At 2 months of age, Freund's adjuvant (0·2 ml) was inoculated into the plantar surface of the hind paw (day 0) of animals. All animals orally received saline (0·9 %) for 28 d. Another group of adult offspring was subjected to the same procedure as described above, but orally received indomethacin (2 mg/kg) instead of saline, and divided into three subgroups: NN treated with indomethacin (NNI); BRD-g treated with indomethacin (BRDI-g); BRD-gl treated with indomethacin (BRDI-gl). The hind paw volume was calculated on days 0 (initial paw volume), 7, 14 and 28. Hind paw swelling, blood albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and leucocyte counts were evaluated as markers of inflammation. Reduced hind paw swelling and the blood levels of serum albumin and CRP were found in the BRD-g and BRD-gl offspring. However, no difference was found in the leucocyte count. Compared with their respective saline-treated groups (NN, BRD-g and BRD-gl), the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin was lower in the BRDI-g and BRDI-gl groups than in the NNI group. We conclude that early undernutrition attenuated the chronic inflammatory response and the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin.

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin D on the Expression Level of the IL-10 and IL-4 in Asthmatic Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 7077-7084
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways in the lungs and is common in many countries. Studies have shown that vitamin D levels are associated with the onset and exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Given the role of vitamin D in regulating immune responses and the importance of the two major cytokines IL-4 (an inflammatory cytokine) and IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) in immunological processes, in this study, the relationship between vitamin D intake and the level of expression of these ILs in asthmatic mice was investigated. In the case-control study performed in three groups of mice, 10 experimental asthma mice, 10 asthmatic vitamin D-treated mice, and 10 healthy mice as the control group were studied. For analyses, after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression level of two IL-4 and IL-10 genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that in the control group, the expression level of IL-4 and IL-10 genes was 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. Accordingly, the expression level of the IL-4 gene in asthmatic mice and asthmatic mice treated with vitamin D was 0.6 and 0.2, respectively, while the expression level of the IL-10 in these groups was 1.2 and 2.8, respectively, which showed significant changes (p-value < 0.05) in treated mice compared to the asthmatic mice without treatment. Based on results, in asthmatic mice treated with vitamin D, a significant increase in IL-10 expression was observed (1.2 to 2.8), while IL-4 expression was decreased from 0.6 to 0.2. It appears that vitamin D supplementation in asthmatic patients by affecting T-cell maturation and increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 and suppressing IL-4 may play a role in reducing the symptoms of asthma.

scholarly journals Putative role of vitamin D in the mechanism of alcoholism and other addictions – a hypothesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tanya M. Galyuk ◽  
Anton J.M. Loonen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission

Abstract Objective: Vitamin D deficiency may be a clinical problem in patients with addictions. The authors systematically searched for studies addressing vitamin D and addiction and develop a hypothesis which can direct future research of the possible mechanistic role of vitamin D in the process of addiction. Methods: Systematic review of the literature found in PubMed and EMBASE followed by narrative review combined with clinical experiences leading to hypotheses for future research. Results: Only five articles were identified about a role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of addiction. Their results are in line with a possible influence of vitamin D in dopaminergic transmission. The cerebral vitamin D status depends on the functionality of genetic variants of vitamin D receptor and other involved genes. Routine serum calcidiol levels may not adequately reflect cerebral vitamin D status. Uncertainty exists regarding appropriate calcidiol blood levels and proper dosages for affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Conclusions: The putative pathophysiological role of vitamin D in substance abuse has been insufficiently studied which calls to more studies how to measure cerebral vitamin D status in clinical practice. Research is indicated whether vitamin D supplementation should use higher dosages and aim to reach higher calcidiol serum levels. Measuring dopaminergic functioning within the prefrontal cortex as reflected by neuropsychological tests selected as suitable could be a appropriate proxy for the cerebral vitamin D status when studying the pharmacogenomics of this functionality in patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D Use on Health-Related Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients in Early Survivorship

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541882205 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Robyn Andersen ◽  
Erin Sweet ◽  
Shelly Hager ◽  
Marcia Gaul ◽  
Fred Dowd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

Background: Vitamin D supplements may prevent recurrence, prolong survival, and improve mood for women with breast cancer, although evidence for these effects is preliminary. Methods: This report describes vitamin D supplement use by 553 breast cancer patient/survivors (193 who used a naturopathic oncology [NO] provider and 360 who did not) participating in a matched cohort study of breast cancer outcomes. Results: We found that more than half of breast cancer patients reported using vitamin D supplements. Women who received care from NO providers in early survivorship may be more likely to use vitamin D supplements ( P < .05). Approximately 30% of breast cancer patients with blood levels recorded in their medical chart were potentially vitamin D deficient (<30 ng/mL). Vitamin D supplement use at study enrollment was associated with higher levels of self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at enrollment ( P < .05) and predicted better HRQOL at 6-month follow-up ( P < .05). Sufficient blood levels of vitamin D recorded between enrollment and follow-up were also associated with better HRQOL at follow-up ( P < .05). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation by breast cancer patients is common both during and after treatment for breast cancer, but deficiency may also be common. NO and conventional providers may be able to promote vitamin D sufficiency through vitamin D supplementation and by encouraging healthy solar exposure. Further studies should be undertaken examining whether vitamin D supplementation and higher blood levels might improve HRQOL among women with breast cancer in early survivorship.

scholarly journals CLINICAL EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF VITAMIN D3 ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR CHRONIC ASTHMA IN IRAQI PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Saadi Abbas ◽  
Manal Khalid Abdulridha ◽  
Mostafa Abdalfatah Shafek
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

<p><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>This study was designed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation in Iraqi patients with chronic asthma.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four candidate patients were diagnosed with asthma during their visit to hospital allocated as 20 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma and 24 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma plus<strong> </strong>2000 I. U vitamin D<sub>3</sub> tablet for three months period. Also, 30 apparently healthy subjects were included in the study as a control group. Pulmonary function test, serum 25-OH vitamin D levels, serum Interlukin-10 (IL-10) levels, serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured before and after three months therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After three months treatment, there was a highly significant improvement in both measured and percentage of predicted value of pulmonary function test (PFT) compared to the pre-treatment value for both group 1 and group 2 patients (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01). Also, a highly significant increase in total endogenous vitamin D level in group 2 when compared to group 1 patients after three months period (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01). Group 2 patients presented with a significant increase in mean IL-10 after three months of treatment when compared to pre-treatment level (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). The mean TNF-α level was increased non-significantly in both study groups, but the higher level was found in group 1 patients than in group 2 patients when compared to pre-treatment level (<em>p</em>&gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a significant increase in the level of anti-inflammatory biomarker interleukin-10 (IL-10), though no clear effect on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was noticed after three months treatment with vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation.</p>

scholarly journals The influence of vitamin D on M1 and M2 macrophages in patients with Crohn's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Dionne ◽  
Carl-Frederic Duchatelier ◽  
Ernest G Seidman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Bacterial Clearance ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
M2 Phenotype ◽  
M1 And M2 Macrophages

Defective bacterial clearance by macrophages plays an important role in Crohn’s disease (CD). Phenotypes and functions of inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 have not been studied in CD. Vitamin D supplementation reduces the severity of CD by unclear mechanisms. We studied macrophage characteristics in CD and controls and the effects of 1,25 vitamin D (1,25D). PBMC were isolated from CD patients and controls. M1 and M2 were generated by culturing of monocytes with GM-CSF and M-CSF, respectively. CD M1 and M2 showed normal phagocytosis and chemotaxis to CCL2 and fMLP. LPS-induced production of TNF-α, IL-12p40 and IL-10 was comparable between groups. Phagocytosis was unaltered with 1,25D; migration only increased marginally. M1 produced more IL-12p40 and TNF-α; IL-10 was greater in M2. 1,25D markedly decreased IL-12p40 by M1 and M2. 1,25D decreased TNF-α in CD M1; IL-10 levels were unaffected. M2 express F13A1, PTGS2, CD163, CXCL10, CD14 and MMP2, whereas TGF-β, CCL1 and CYP27B1 expression was higher in M1. Marker expression was similar between CD and controls. M1 and M2 markers were not differentially modulated by 1,25D. CD macrophages are not functionally or phenotypically different vs. controls. 1,25D markedly decreased pro-inflammatory M1 cytokines but did not modulate polarization to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanism to Management

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fletcher ◽  
Sheldon C. Cooper ◽  
Subrata Ghosh ◽  
Martin Hewison
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Low Serum

Vitamin D has been linked to human health benefits that extend far beyond its established actions on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. One of the most well studied facets of extra-skeletal vitamin D is its activity as an immuno-modulator, in particular its potent anti-inflammatory effects. As a consequence, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Low serum levels of the major circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) are significantly more prevalent in patients with IBD, particularly in the winter and spring months when UV-induced synthesis of vitamin D is lower. Dietary malabsorption of vitamin D may also contribute to low serum 25(OH)D in IBD. The benefits of supplementation with vitamin D for IBD patients are still unclear, and improved vitamin D status may help to prevent the onset of IBD as well as ameliorating disease severity. Beneficial effects of vitamin D in IBD are supported by pre-clinical studies, notably with mouse models, where the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) has been shown to regulate gastrointestinal microbiota function, and promote anti-inflammatory, tolerogenic immune responses. The current narrative review aims to summarise the different strands of data linking vitamin D and IBD, whilst also outlining the possible beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in managing IBD in humans.

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