Study of Packing Density and Temperature on the Oil Sorption Capacity of Packed Local Kapok Fiber as Bio-oil Spill Absorbent

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Kapok Fiber ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Oil absorption and desorption by polypropylene fibers

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
PRAVEEN KUMAR YEGYA RAMAN, ◽  
AKSHAY JAIN ◽  
SESHADRI RAMKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Different Types

Oil spill is a threat to the ecosystem, and there is a need for the development of highly efficient oil sorbents for environmental remediation. In this study, four different types of polypropylene fibers were evaluated for their oil absorbency and desorption characteristics. These fibers varied in their fineness and structural characteristics, i.e., hollow or solid. A modified ASTM methodology was used in the study to better represent the oil sorption capacity of a sorbent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present the effect of fiber fineness and structure on the oil desorption behavior of polypropylene fibers. Results showed that finer fibers had higher oil sorption capacity (g/g) than the coarser fibers. There was no statistical difference in the rate of desorption among the solid fibers; however, the hollow fiber had a statistically higher rate of desorption than the solid fibers.

scholarly journals Hibiscus Asper (Raman Kogi) Fibre Use as a Sorbent for Oil Spill Clean in Water Body

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
N. E. Alpha ◽  
J. T. Barminas ◽  
S. A. Osemeahon
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Acetyl Group ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Better Than

This research aimed at investigating the possibility of using Imperata cylindrical fibre as a sorbent for oil spill clean-up. The acetylation was carried out in a free solvent system under mild conditions using acetic anhydride, in the presence of calcium chloride as a catalyst, at a temperature of 100oC for 3 hours. The crude oil and the Hibiscus asper sorbent were characterised, the sorption behaviours studied were found to increase with an increase in weight per gain percent (WPG%). The WPG% and oil sorption capacity indicated the success of acetylation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used for the analysis of unmodified and modified Hibiscus asper sorbent to further examine the success of acetylation. In the spectra of FT-IR of the acetylated Hibiscus asper material evidence of acetylation is clearly proven by, the enhancement of 1755 cm-1, as 1755.31-1715.97 cm-1 which are carbonyl C=O stretching of esters, the enhancement of 1494.97 -1403.35 cm-1 of (C-H bond in –O(C=O)-CH3 and the appearance of 1154.69- 1154.43 cm-1 which is a C=O stretching of acetyl group. The values for the correlation coefficient (R2) showed that the model fitted the Langmuir isotherm (R2 Hibiscus asper 0.99) better than the Freundlich isotherm, indicating that the adsorption process was a monolayer. The higher oil sorption capacity shown by the modified Hibiscus asper sorbent compared to the lower oil sorption capacity of unmodified indicated that the modified Hibiscus asper sorbent can substitute for synthetic fibres and recommended for oils spill clean-up in contaminated environments.

Blended Polypropylene Fiber of Various MFR via a Melt-Blowing Device for Oil Spill Cleanup

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hua Meng ◽  
Hui Hui Wu ◽  
Yong Chun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Melt Blowing ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup ◽  
Scanning Electron

PP fibers are commonly used for oil spill cleanup. In order to improve the oil-sorption capacity of the PP fibers, the blended PP fiber of various MFR and unblended PP fiber of certain MFR were fabricated as sorbents by a swirl die melt-blowing device in this study. The material properties of the PP fibers were examined by scanning electron microscopy and contact-angle measurement. The oil sorption and sorption-desorption tests show that the blended PP fibers have a much higher oil-sorption capacity than the unblended PP fibers and an excellent reusability.

scholarly journals Structure and Oil Sorption Capacity of Kapok Fiber [Ceibapentandra (L.) Gaertn.]

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hee Lee ◽  
Jung-Hee Lee ◽  
Su-Jin Son ◽  
Dong-Jin Lee ◽  
Young-Jin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Kapok Fiber ◽  
Oil Sorption

Physicochemical and sorption characteristics of poplar seed fiber as a natural oil sorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 4186-4194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Xu ◽  
Qincheng Su ◽  
Hua Shen ◽  
Guangbiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Fiber Assembly ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Sorbent ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Oil spills have become a global concern due to their environmental and economic impact. Various methods, including the use of fibers as sorbents, have been developed for oil spill concern. Poplar seed fiber is a plant biomass that has the potential of being used as low-cost sorbent. In this study, the physicochemical and sorption characteristics of poplar seed fiber as an oil sorbent was evaluated. Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that poplar seed fiber was a lignocellulosic material with smooth surface and hollow lumen. Oil sorption tests showed that loose poplar seed fibers could absorb 53.74 g/g of diesel oil, 65.85 g/g of motor oil and 67.97 g/g of vegetable oil, which were higher than that of kapok and cotton fiber. The availability of void fraction inside the fiber assembly coupled with hollow fiber structure and hydrophobicity/oleophilicity of poplar seed fiber were the main contributing factors. Moreover, the oil sorption kinetics of poplar seed fiber, including the effect of packing density of fiber assembly, oil types on sorption capacity and rate, was analyzed by a wicking method. Results illustrated that the oil sorption capacity was closely related to the packing density of fiber assembly, with an apparent decrease when the packing density changed from 0.05 g/cm3 to 0.09 g/cm3. For sorption rate, the highest oil sorption coefficients were observed for diesel oil, of 0.36 g2/s, 0.32 g2/s and 0.30 g2/s at the packing densities of 0.05 g/cm3, 0.07 g/cm3 and 0.09 g/cm3, respectively, which were about 10 times higher than that of vegetable oil and 70 times higher than that of motor oil.

scholarly journals Coco Peat as Agricultural Waste Sorbent for Sustainable Diesel-Filter System

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Gayathiri Verasoundarapandian ◽  
Nur Nadhirah Zakaria ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Khalilah Abdul Khalil ◽  
Nurul Aini Puasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Sorbent ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Burman Design ◽  
Sorbent Materials ◽  
Diesel Filter

Oil spill incidents are hazardous and have prolonged damage to the marine environment. Management and spill clean-up procedures are practical and rapid, with several shortcomings. Coco peat (CP) and coco fibre (CF) are refined from coconut waste, and their abundance makes them desirable for diesel spillage treatment. Using a filter-based system, the selectivity of coco peat sorbent was tested using CP, CF and peat-fibre mix (CPM). CP exhibited maximal diesel sorption capacity with minimal seawater uptake, thus being selected for further optimisation analysis. The heat treatment considerably improved the sorption capacity and efficiency of diesel absorbed by CP, as supported by FTIR and VPSEM–EDX analysis. Conventional one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) examined the performance of diesel sorption by CP under varying parameters, namely temperature, time of heating, packing density and diesel concentration. The significant factors were statistically evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM) via Plackett–Burman design (PB) and central composite design (CCD). Three significant (p < 0.05) factors (time, packing density and diesel concentration) were identified by PB and further analysed for interactions among the parameters. CCD predicted efficiency of diesel absorbed at 59.92% (71.90 mL) (initial diesel concentration of 30% v/v) and the experimental model validated the design with 59.17% (71.00 mL) diesel sorbed at the optimised conditions of 14.1 min of heating (200 °C) with packing density of 0.08 g/cm3 and 30% (v/v) of diesel concentration. The performance of CP in RSM (59.17%) was better than that in OFAT (58.33%). The discoveries imply that natural sorbent materials such as CP in oil spill clean-up operations can be advantageous and environmentally feasible. This study also demonstrated the diesel-filter system as a pilot study for the prospective up-scale application of oil spills.

Oil spill cleanup by natural fibers: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viju Subramoniapillai ◽  
Govindharajan Thilagavathi
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Sorbents ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup

Purpose In recent years, oil spill pollution has become one of the main problems of environmental pollution. Recovering oil by means of sorbent materials is a very promising approach and has acquired more attention due to its high cleanup efficiency. Compared to synthetic fibrous sorbents, the use of natural fibers in oil spill cleanups offers several advantages including environmental friendliness, degradable features and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, studies on developing sorbents using natural fibers for oil spill cleanup applications have become a research hotspot. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the work conducted by several researchers in developing oil sorbents from fibers such as cattail, nettle, cotton, milkweed, kapok, populous seed fiber and Metaplexis japonica fiber. Some featured critical parameters influencing the oil sorption capacity of fibrous substrates are discussed. Oil sorption capacity and reusability performance of various fibers are also discussed. Recent developments in oil spill cleanups and test methods for oil sorbents are briefly covered. Findings The main parameters influencing the oil sorption capacity of sorbents are fiber morphological structure, fiber density (g/cc), wax (%), hollowness (%) and water contact angle. An extensive literature review showed that oil sorption capacity is highest for Metaplexis japonica fiber followed by populous seed fiber, kapok, milkweed, cotton, nettle and cattail fiber. After use, the sorbents can be buried under soil or they can also be burned so that they can be vanished from the surface without causing environmental-related issues. Originality/value This review paper aims to summarize research studies conducted related to various natural fibers for oil spill cleanups, fiber structural characteristics influencing oil sorption and recent developments in oil spill cleanups. This work will inspire future researchers with various knowledge backgrounds, particularly, from a sustainability perspective.

Effects of the pyrolysis process on the oil sorption capacity of rice husk

2012 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Uzunov ◽  
S. Uzunova ◽  
D. Angelova ◽  
A. Gigova
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Oil Sorption

Utilization of recycled polyester nonwovens as sorbent for oil spill cleanups

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viju Subramoniapillai ◽  
G. Thilagavathi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Polyester Fibers

Purpose The most widely recycled plastic in the world is recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET). To minimize the environmental related issues associated with synthetic fibers, several researchers have explored the potential use of recycled polyester fibers in developing various technical textile products. This study aims to develop needle-punched nonwoven fabrics from recycled polyester fibers and investigate its suitability in oil spill cleanup process. Design/methodology/approach According to Box and Behnken factorial design, 15 different needle-punched nonwoven fabrics from recycled polyester fibers were prepared by changing the parameters, namely, needle punch density, needle penetration depth and fabric areal weight. Several featured parameters such as oil sorption, oil retention, oil sorption kinetics, wettability and reusability performance were systematically elucidated. Findings The maximum oil sorption of recycled nonwoven polyester is found to be 24.85 g/g and 20.58 g/g for crude oil and vegetable oil, respectively. The oil retention is about 93%–96% in case of crude oil, whereas 87%–91% in case of vegetable oil. Recycled polyester nonwoven possesses good hydrophobic–oleophilic properties with static contact angle of 138° against water, whereas 0° against crude oil and vegetable oil. The reusability test results indicate that recycled polyester nonwoven fabric can be used several times because of its reusability features. Originality/value There is no detailed study on the oil sorption features of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics developed from recycled polyester fibers. This study is expected to help in developing fabrics for oil spill cleanups.

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