scholarly journals Ex-vivo Anaerobic Digestion of Non-Palatable Pastoral Plant Toward Non-traditional Animal Feed

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-820
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim Bawadekji ◽  
Maen Taher Idell
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Public ◽  
South West ◽  
Plant Acceptability

It is forecasted that by the end of 2025, 2.2 billion tons waste, including the non-palatable plants, will be generated annually. This is a foreseeable concern for the public health and the economy. Accordingly, waste management programs, including for the unused, unacceptable, or unpalatable plants, have been initiated worldwide. The aim of this study was to process an ex-vivo anaerobic digestion of the non-palatable pastoral plant to produce non-traditional animal feed. Five plants were selected for the present study, namely, Aerva javanica, Capparis cartilaginea, Ochradenus baccatus, Salvadora persica, and Senna alexandrina. These plants were collected from the endangered pasture from the Al-Baha region of the south west of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The collected plants were shredded into small pieces, and were subjected for the anaerobic digestion at 20oC, 30oC, and 40oC for 90 days. The evaluation of plant acceptability was achieved by observing the animals and the quantity of the digested plant material consumed by the animals. The results of the plant acceptability were very promising with respect to O. baccatus, S. persica and S. alexandrina. Good acceptability upto 100% was observed for the digested material of these plants at all the studied temperatures, 20oC, 30oC, and 40oC. It is concluded that similar studies should be carried out in other regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at large scale and on a large number of non palatable pastoral plants.

The Key Organisational Issues Affecting E-Government Adoption in Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah AL Shehry ◽  
Simon Rogerson ◽  
N. Ben Fairweather ◽  
Mary Prior
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
National Project ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Body ◽  
The Relationship

The e-government paradigm refers to utilizing the potential of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the whole government body to meet citizens’ expectations via multiple channels. It is, therefore, a radical change within the public sector and in the relationship between a government and its stakeholders. In the light of that, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a keen interest in this issue and thus it has developed a national project to implement e-government systems. However, many technological, managerial, and organisational issues must be considered and treated carefully before and after going online. Based on an empirical study, this article highlights the key organisational issues that affect e-government adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at both national and agency levels.

The Key Organisational Issues Affecting E-Government Adoption in Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah AL Shehry ◽  
Simon Rogerson ◽  
N. Ben Fairweather ◽  
Mary Prior
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Public ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Body ◽  
The Relationship

The e-government paradigm refers to utilizing the potential of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the whole government body to meet citizens’ expectations via multiple channels. It is, therefore, a radical change within the public sector and in the relationship between a government and its stakeholders. In the light of that, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a keen interest in this issue and thus it has developed a national project to implement e-government systems. However, many technological, managerial, and organizational issues must be considered and treated carefully before and after going online. Based on an empirical study, this article highlights the key organizational issues that affect e-government adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at both national and agency levels.

Deconstructing stereotypes: perception of women in higher education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - A realm of empowerment

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Agnes Havril ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
The Face ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Historical Accounts

The image of a subservient woman who has no other choice but to comply with the norms and rules dictated by the orthodox male-dominated society is perhaps the most common Western perception of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. An entrenched notion, it is for the most part perpetuated by the standards and norms of Western culture, which in turn define how we interpret and look at others. The benchmark then becomes our own culture against which we compare and contrast the ideas and values of other – often non-Western – societies, as is the case with Saudi Arabia. The result is ultimately a Western-infused interpretation that creates bias and overlooks the uniqueness of a particular culture. The main rationale of the following paper is to deconstruct these stereotypical notions and to describe Saudi society and culture, which is devoid of such Western apprehension. The focus here is to examine the field of female public education, with a particular focus on higher education, and thus to show that Saudi women can be and in fact are empowered by means of education. Historical accounts – especially the reforms of King Faisal and his wife Iffat Al Thunayan – demonstrate the achievements in the field that have furthered women’s educational and, as a consequence, labour market opportunities. While the high number of female students and graduates exemplify these advancements, such figures are merely one-dimensional and do not give justice to the underlying complexities. For this matter, the heritage of Bedouinism (‘tribalism’) and Wahhabism, the orthodoxy of the Ulema with their monopoly over the interpretation of Islam and its consequences, influence the public discourse about advancing girls’ and women’s situation in the kingdom. The concept of ijtihad, also used by Islamic feminism, will add another layer to the analysis; it can be seen as a tool that enables Saudi women to move forward on the path of progress by simultaneously balancing tradition and modernity. As a result, a holistic view will be presented in the paper, in which the situation of Saudi women is seen and analysed through the lens of Saudi culture. Then, the unique state of women will not be reduced to the reductive belief that Saudi girls and women are trapped in a parochial, patriarchal system, but can become empowered through education, even in the face the Ulema’s monopoly of Wahhabi Islam, which pervades all aspects of life and, so too, the domain of female higher education.

Using Foraminifera as Indicators of Habitat Recovery following Remediation of Sheltered Tidal Flats in Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300154
Author(s):  
Brant M. Priest ◽  
Jason A. Hale ◽  
Thomas G. Minter ◽  
Christopher D. Cormack ◽  
Ion Cotsapas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Salt Marsh Habitat ◽  
Habitat Recovery ◽  
Intertidal Habitats

After nearly 20 years of limited natural recovery of intertidal habitats along the Gulf Coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large-scale remediation projects were conducted on approximately 1800 ha of tidal flat and salt marsh habitat. In Fall, 2011, multiple passes of mechanical tilling were used to break up oiled cohesive sediment layer across a heavily degraded sand tidal flat, to reduce subsurface liquid oil, and accelerate natural recovery. Rates and degrees of test deformities in three foram genera were measured from samples collected at degraded and healthy sand tidal flat sites. Dominant genera and rates of test deformity at a heavily oiled sand tidal flat (average surface and subsurface total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) = 10,000 ppm ) were: Peneroplis (41.0%), Ammonia (38.7%), Elphidium (54.7%). Rates of deformity in the same three genera collected at a healthy sand tidal flat habitat were: Peneroplis (11.8%), Ammonia (7.5%), Elphidium (13.9%). Nearly two years after the remediation event, results indicate a decreasing trend in percent foram deformities at the remediation site, which suggests oil toxicity as an ecological stressor has decreased as a result of remediation activities.

scholarly journals Prospects of large‐scale photovoltaic‐based power plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binash Imteyaz ◽  
Dahiru Umar Lawal ◽  
Furqan Tahir ◽  
Shafiqur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

scholarly journals Teachers’ insights into the role of teamwork among students in public schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2981-2993
Author(s):  
Asmaa Radi Khanfar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Public ◽  
Approval Ratings ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Spss Software

Despite the fact that establishing a culture of teamwork among students is one of the most important functions and duties of the school, very few studies have addressed this issue in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the role of all-female schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in promoting a culture of teamwork among its students from the point of view of teachers. The study followed the descriptive- analytical approach: a random sample of teacher participants were selected to represent the public school community. A questionnaire was distributed among all teacher participants for data collection, and the SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The study’s results revealed that all areas regarding the culture of teamwork received high approval ratings. Further, the study recommends involving teachers and students in drafting the school's vision by providing all means of communication between departments, especially electronic platforms, including recognition of outstanding teamwork. Keywords: collective achievement; public education, teamwork        

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY – A CASE STUDY FOR URBAN AREAS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-1/W1 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. Maas ◽  
M. Alrajhi ◽  
A. Alobeid ◽  
C. Heipke
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Supervised Classifiers ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Imagery

Updating topographic geospatial databases is often performed based on current remotely sensed images. To automatically extract the object information (labels) from the images, supervised classifiers are being employed. Decisions to be taken in this process concern the definition of the classes which should be recognised, the features to describe each class and the training data necessary in the learning part of classification. With a view to large scale topographic databases for fast developing urban areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia we conducted a case study, which investigated the following two questions: (a) which set of features is best suitable for the classification?; (b) what is the added value of height information, e.g. derived from stereo imagery? Using stereoscopic GeoEye and Ikonos satellite data we investigate these two questions based on our research on label tolerant classification using logistic regression and partly incorrect training data. We show that in between five and ten features can be recommended to obtain a stable solution, that height information consistently yields an improved overall classification accuracy of about 5%, and that label noise can be successfully modelled and thus only marginally influences the classification results.

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