scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Leaves Fractions and their Potency as Traditional Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Dilla Dertyasasa ◽  
Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACT: Previous studies have reported that a number of organic compounds are present in kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) leaf extracts. Further research is needed to purify these compounds and determine which are biologically active. The objective of this study is to identify the volatile organic compounds of kaffir lime leaf crude extracts and fractions and to study their bioactivity. Fractionation was performed by the double maceration method, using hexane as the second solvent. TLC was performed to analyze the qualitative separation, whereas the individual constituents were detected using GC-MS. Our results showed that chloroform and ethyl acetate crude extracts contained various volatile organic compounds such as fatty acids, fatty alcohols, prenol lipids, sterol lipids, terpenoids and long chain alkanes. Fractionation separated these compounds into non-hexane fractions, which contained less volatile compounds, and hexane fractions. The volatile compounds of non-hexane fractions were identified to be long chain alkanes, meanwhile the hexane fractions contained terpenoids, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, prenol lipids and sterol lipids. Palmitic acid and terpenoids, such as citronellyl propionate, nerolidol, citronella and caryophyllene oxide were found to be the most dominant bioactive compounds in chloroform and ethyl acetate crude extract and their hexane fractions, which were reported to possess cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Meanwhile in non-hexane fractions, long chain alkanes such as triacontane and hentriacontane were found to be the most dominant bioactive compound which also possessed cytotoxic effect. In conclusion, fractionation using the double maceration method yielded different volatile organic compounds composition with different biological activities. The crude extracts and fractions of kaffir lime leaves were potential to be developed as a traditional medicine for cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Exposure Studies of Different Kinds of Volatile Organic Compounds in Vapour Phase with a Narrow-gap Cell Containing CuxS Modified Carbon Microdisc Electrode

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Narrow Gap ◽  
Current Increase ◽  
Interelectrode Gap ◽  
Volatile Organic

In this article, the feasibility of the CuxS modified carbon microdisc electrode was examined by exposure to four different volatile organic compounds (2-propanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate and n-butylamine) directly in their vapour phase using cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. The performance of the modified microdisc was compared with the bare carbon microdisc (30 μm in diameter) which was involved in a narrow-gap cell. By using both methods high current increase was observed for 2-propanol with the modified electrode and its sensitivity was sufficiently higher than with the bare electrode. The modified electrode showed lower current signals in case of acetic acid and n-butylamine. The latter formed a condensation layer at the interelectrode gap. Neither the bare nor the modified electrode was sensitive to ethyl acetate.

Energetics of cellulose and cyclodextrin glycosidic bond cleavage

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhu ◽  
Christoph Krumm ◽  
Gregory G. Facas ◽  
Matthew Neurock ◽  
Paul J. Dauenhauer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Renewable Chemicals ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Glycosidic Bond Cleavage ◽  
Long Chain

Thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials for production of biofuels and renewable chemicals utilizes high temperature to thermally decompose long-chain cellulose to volatile organic compounds.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Concentration of Volatile Fatty Acids, Ammonia, and Volatile Organic Compounds in Pig Slurry

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Sung Back Cho ◽  
Seung Hak Yang ◽  
Jun Yeop Lee ◽  
Jung Kon Kim ◽  
Jung Hwan Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Potential of antimicrobial volatile organic compounds to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in bean seeds

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Batista Fialho ◽  
Maria Heloisa Duarte de Moraes ◽  
Annelise Roberta Tremocoldi ◽  
Sérgio Florentino Pascholati
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Ethyl Octanoate

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of an artificial mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro and in bean seeds. The phytopathogenic fungus was exposed, in polystyrene plates, to an artificial atmosphere containing a mixture of six VOCs formed by alcohols (ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol and phenylethyl alcohol) and esters (ethyl acetate and ethyl octanoate), in the proportions found in the atmosphere naturally produced by yeast. Bean seeds artificially contamined with the pathogen were fumigated with the mixture of VOCs in sealed glass flasks for four and seven days. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most active against S. sclerotiorum, completely inhibiting its mycelial growth at 0.8 µL mL-1, followed by the ethyl acetate, at 1.2 µL mL-1. Bean seeds fumigated with the VOCs at 3.5 µL mL-1 showed a 75% reduction in S. sclerotiorum incidence after four days of fumigation. The VOCs produced by S. cerevisiae have potential to control the pathogen in stored seeds.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Diatomite/Silicalite-1 Composites and Their Property for VOCs Adsorption

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutong Liu ◽  
Tao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Voc Adsorption ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Volatile Organic

Adsorption technology is an effective method to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this work, we prepared hierarchical porous materials using modified diatomite (Dt) as a support and nano-sized silicalite-1 (S-1) seeds as inorganic fillers, which were applied to adsorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The characterization of the composites indicated that S-1 was successfully coated onto the surface of modified Dt, and the best surface area of the composites was 398.8 m2/g, nearly 40 times as large as Dt. The adsorption capacities of Dt/S-1 composites for three probe VOCs (ethyl acetate, acetone, and toluene) were rather superior to Dt, and the composites had preferential adsorption selectivity for ethyl acetate. Effects of seeded zeolite contents and hydrothermal conditions for the adsorption capacity of composites were discussed in this paper. The composite seeded with 5 wt% S-1 zeolite, which was subsequently synthesized by hydrothermal reaction at 100 °C for four days, showed the maximum adsorption capacity (1.31 mmol/g for ethyl acetate). The pseudo second-order model provided a perfect fit to adsorption kinetics, while the Langmuir model agreed the best with the adsorption isotherms. In addition, the composites had selective adsorption to ethyl acetate among these three probes VOCs. The regeneration experiments were also carried out, and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbents was still up to 67% after five adsorption–desorption cycles. The hierarchical porous Dt/S-1 composites have an excellent VOC adsorption performance, satisfactory selectivity, and recycling ability.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds of the Glandular Trichomes of Ocimum basilicum and Artifacts during the Distillation of the Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7312
Author(s):  
Bruno Tirillini ◽  
Filippo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Capitate Trichomes ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Main Components

Focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOC) of Ocimum basilicum, this study aims to determine the chemical composition of VOC in secretory trichomes and compare it with that of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves. The technique of extracting the content of glandular trichomes refers to the microneedle shuttle analysis. Hydrodistillation of fresh leaves was done with a Clevenger distiller (EO). The chemical compositions were determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. The head of the capitate trichomes does not contain volatile compounds. Fifty volatile compounds were detected in the EO, and twenty-four volatile compounds were detected in the VOC; the main components were eugenol (from 15.47% ± 1.05% to 41.89% ± 2.83%) and linalool (from 32.05% ± 2.57% to 28.99% ± 2.32%), respectively. During the distillation of the basil leaves 26 artifacts are formed. The composition of the essential oil of O. basilicum therefore depends not only on the plant but also on the method used to obtain it.

scholarly journals Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Selected Strains of Cyanobacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Milovanović ◽  
Aleksandra Mišan ◽  
Jelica Simeunović ◽  
Dajana Kovač ◽  
Dubravka Jambrec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Medium Chain Length ◽  
Volatile Organic

Microalgal biomass can be used in creating various functional food and feed products, but certain species of microalgae and cyanobacteria are known to produce various compounds causing off-flavour. In this work, we investigated selected cyanobacterial strains ofSpirulina,Anabaena, andNostocgenera originating from Serbia, with the aim of determining the chemical profile of volatile organic compounds produced by these organisms. Additionally, the influence of nitrogen level during growth on the production of volatile compounds was investigated forNostocandAnabaenastrains. In addition, multivariate techniques, namely, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), were used for making distinction among different microalgal strains. The results show that the main volatile compounds in these species are medium chain length alkanes, but other odorous compounds such as 2-methylisoborneol (0.51–4.48%), 2-pentylfuran (0.72–8.98%),β-cyclocitral (0.00–1.17%), andβ-ionone (1.15–2.72%) were also detected in the samples. Addition of nitrogen to growth medium was shown to negatively affect the production of 2-methylisoborneol, while geosmin was not detected in any of the analyzed samples, which indicates that the manipulation of growth conditions may be useful in reducing levels of some unwanted odor-causing components.

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