scholarly journals Production of Bacalin, Bacalein and Wogonin in Hairy Root Culture of American Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora)by Auxin Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Yeon Kwon ◽  
Haeng Hoon Kim ◽  
Jong Seok Park ◽  
Sang Un Park ◽  
Nam Il Park
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Scutellaria Lateriflora

ABSTRACT: The hairy root culture of American Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) was studied to investigate the biomass and flavonoids content (baicalin, baicalein and wogonin) in response of various auxin concentrations.The growth rates of the hairy roots varied significantly only at IBA 0.1 mg/L and for all other auxin treatments did not vary significantly. The biomass of hairy roots was 8% higher when treated with IBA 0.1 mg/L and biomass was almost similar and slightly lower levels when treated with various IAA concentration and NAA, respectively. However, the auxins treatments responsed positively to increase flavone production in American Skullcaphairy root culture. The auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 1 mg/L performed the best for the accumulation of baicalin and wogonin. The auxin IBA at 1 mg/L accumulated 1.64 and 2.92 times higher baicalin and wogonin, respectively compared to control treatment. Meanwhile, the highest levels of baicalein were observed for hair root cultures in the presence of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0.1 mg/L achieving 2.38 times higher than that of accumulated in the control. These findings indicate that hairy root cultures of S. lateriflorausing liquid 1/2MS medium supplemented with auxin could be a valuable alternative approach for flavonoid production.

scholarly journals Effect of Auxins on Anthocyanin Accumulation in Hairy Root Cultures of Tartary Buckwheat Cultivar Hokkai T10

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ha Park ◽  
Aye AyeThwe ◽  
Sun Ju Kim ◽  
Jong Seok Park ◽  
MariadhasValan Arasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

This study investigated the influence of auxins on the growth of hairy roots and accumulation of anthocyanins, including cyanidin 3- O-glucoside (C3gl) and cyanidin 3- O-rutinoside (C3r), in the hairy root culture of tartary buckwheat cultivar Hokkai T10. C3gl and C3r contents were evaluated using highperformance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). Four auxins, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), were added to the medium of the hairy root cultures at diverse concentrations. IAA, IBA and 2,4-D promoted the growth of hairy roots since the dry weight of the roots was slightly higher than or comparable with that of the control. However, NAA at all concentrations suppressed the growth of hairy roots. Generally, auxin treatments resulted in higher accumulation of C3gl and C3r than that of the control except for 2.85 μM IAA and 2.69 μM NAA. The amount of C3gl and C3r after treatment with 4.92 μM IBA was the highest among all treatments and was 3.24 times more than that of the control. Our results suggested that auxins at appropriate concentrations might facilitate hairy root growth of tartary buckwheat and enhance the production of C3gl and C3r.

Hairy Roots

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-252
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Transformed Root Cultures

Agrobacterium rhizogenes induces hairy root disease in plants. The neoplastic (cancerous) roots produced by A. rhizogenes infection, when cultured in hormone free medium, show high growth rate and genetic stability. These genetically transformed root cultures can produce levels of secondary metabolites comparable to that of intact plants. Several elicitation methods can be used to further enhance the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Thus, hairy root culture offer promise for high production and productivity of valuable secondary metabolites in many plants. Hairy roots can also produce recombinant proteins from transgenic roots, and thereby hold immense potential for pharmaceutical industry. Hairy root cultures can be used to elucidate the intermediates and key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and for phytoremediation due to their abundant neoplastic root proliferation property. Various applications of hairy root cultures and potential problems associated with them are discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Effects of methyl jasmonate on the growth and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. hairy root cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoa Van Nguyen ◽  
Benyakan Pongkitwitoon ◽  
Thanika Pathomwichaiwat ◽  
Unchera Viboonjun ◽  
Sompop Prathanturarug
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Meja Treatment

AbstractIn this study, the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the phytomass and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid Centella asiatica hairy roots were investigated. Hairy root cultures were obtained from diploid and induced tetraploid plants of C. asiatica infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 43057. MeJA triggered triterpenoid production in both ploidy hairy roots, whereas triterpenoids were not produced in the untreated hairy roots. Among the treatments, the 50 µM MeJA treatment yielded the maximum triterpenoid production in diploid hairy roots of 27.25 ± 0.27 µg/mg Dry weight (DW) total triterpenoid at day 21. For the tetraploid hairy root cultures, the 28th-day hairy root culture produced a maximum amount of triterpenoids of 16.29 ± 6.32 µg/mg DW in response to the 50 µM MeJA treatment, whereas the 100 µM MeJA treatment produced a similar triterpenoid amount (16.31 ± 9.24 µg/mg DW) at day 14. Moreover, in response to 50 µM MeJA, we obtained different ratios of aglycone to glycoside, i.e., 1:7 and 1:2, between the diploid and tetraploid hairy root cultures. Asiaticoside was the dominant phytochemical, followed by asiatic acid and madecassic acid. This study provides valuable information for producing triterpenoids for C. asiatica commercial products and preparations by using hairy root cultures.

Hairy Roots

2022 ◽  
pp. 735-759
Author(s):  
Pradip Chandra Deka
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Transformed Root Cultures

Agrobacterium rhizogenes induces hairy root disease in plants. The neoplastic (cancerous) roots produced by A. rhizogenes infection, when cultured in hormone free medium, show high growth rate and genetic stability. These genetically transformed root cultures can produce levels of secondary metabolites comparable to that of intact plants. Several elicitation methods can be used to further enhance the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Thus, hairy root culture offer promise for high production and productivity of valuable secondary metabolites in many plants. Hairy roots can also produce recombinant proteins from transgenic roots, and thereby hold immense potential for pharmaceutical industry. Hairy root cultures can be used to elucidate the intermediates and key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and for phytoremediation due to their abundant neoplastic root proliferation property. Various applications of hairy root cultures and potential problems associated with them are discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Hairy Root Cultures of Eurycoma longifolia and Production of Anti-inflammatory 9-Methoxycanthin-6-one

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Trang Thu Tran ◽  
Nam Trung Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Bich Pham ◽  
Huy Nhat Chu ◽  
Trong Dinh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The content of bioactive alkaloid 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in the roots of Eurycoma longifolia is rather small. In the current study, a high yield of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one was obtained from transgenic hairy roots (1.139 ± 0.20% dry weight, DW) compared to wild roots (0.164 ± 0.25% DW) of E. longifolia. Three liquid basal media supplemented with 3% sucrose were tested for the growth and accumulation of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one. The fastest growth was obtained in the Shenck and Hildebrandt (SH) medium while the highest 9-methoxycanthin-6-one content was observed in McCown's woody plant (WP) medium. In this study, compared to controls, the production of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one was increased by the maximum of 2.6 and 4.0 times after the addition of jasmonic acid and yeast extract, respectively, into hairy root cultures. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly inhibited by 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine RAW264.7 cells, peritoneal macrophages and human THP-1 macrophages These results suggest that the elicited hairy root culture of E. longifolia is an alternative system for the production of an abundant source of anti-inflammatory 9-methoxycanthin-6-one.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and Radical Scavenging Activity of Betalains during the Cultivation of Red Beet (Beta vulgaris) Hairy Root Cultures

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 640-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanas Pavlov ◽  
Petia Kovatcheva ◽  
Vasil Georgiev ◽  
Irina Koleva ◽  
Mladenka Ilieva
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Root Cultures

Betalains biosynthesis and antiradical scavenging activity were investigated during cultivation of four hairy root cultures of Beta vulgaris, obtained from different cultivars (Bordo, Egyptian, Detroit 2 and Detroit Dark Red). The best producer of betalains was a hairy root culture from Beta vulgaris cv. Detroit Dark Red (13.27 mg/g dry weight total pigment production). The ethanol extract, derived from roots of the same culture grown for 15 days under submerged conditions, showed a high antiradical activity (83% of inhibition of the stable DPPH·).

scholarly journals Alterations in oleanolic acid and sterol content in marigold (Calendula officinalis) hairy root cultures in response to stimulation by selected phytohormones

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulwadood S. M. Alsoufi ◽  
Klaudia Staśkiewicz ◽  
Michał Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins

AbstractHairy root cultures are an efficient tool for the biotechnological production of plant metabolites and a convenient experimental model for analyzing the effect of various compounds on plant metabolism. In contrast to many other types of in vitro plant cultures, hairy roots do not require an external supply of phytohormones to the medium. Consequently, plant growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins are rarely used as elicitors in hairy root in vitro cultures; however, they can strongly influence plant defense responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two auxins: natural indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and synthetic 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), as well as two cytokinins: natural kinetin and synthetic 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a concentration of 0.75 mg/L on the metabolism of sterols and triterpenoids in Calendula officinalis hairy roots. Auxins prevented the accumulation of triterpenoid saponins (oleanolic acid glycosides), while cytokinin BAP increased their accumulation by 17% and their release into the culture medium by a factor of 10. Other cytokinins and kinetins increased the sterol levels by 17%, the level of stigmasterol by 15%, and the level of isofucosterol by 7 times.

Mitragyna speciosa: Hairy Root Culture for Triterpenoid Production and High Yield of Mitragynine by Regenerated Plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriwan Phongprueksapattana ◽  
Waraporn Putalun ◽  
Niwat Keawpradub ◽  
Juraithip Wungsintaweekul
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Regenerated Plants

Hairy root cultures of Mitragyna speciosa were established by infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 and maintained in McCown woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid. The hairy roots were identified for the rooting genes loci of rolA and rolB by polymerase chain reaction. For studying the secondary metabolite production, the n-hexane extract of the hairy roots was prepared and the compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, affording triterpenoids (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) and phytosterols (β-sitosterol and stigmasterol). The shoots from the hairy root cultures were regenerated and differentiated to the plantlets. For micropropagation, shoot multiplication was successfully induced from the axillary buds of the regenerated plantlets in WPM supplemented with 0.1 mg/l thidiazuron. The mitragynine contents of 5-monthold regenerated plants and in vitro plantlets (germinated from seeds) were determined using the TLC-densitometric method. The regenerated plants contained (14.25 ± 0.25) mg/g dry wt mitragynine, whereas the in vitro plantlets contained (4.45 ± 0.09) mg/g dry wt.

scholarly journals Carrot hairy roots: factories for secondary metabolite production

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (22) ◽  
pp. 6861-6864
Author(s):  
María A Pedreño ◽  
Lorena Almagro
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Black Carrot ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Experimental Botany ◽  
Induced Changes

This article comments on: Barba-Espín G, Chen S-T, Agnolet S, Hegelund JN, Stanstrup J, Christensen JH, Müller R, Lütken H. 2020. Ethephon-induced changes in antioxidants and phenolic compounds in anthocyanin-producing black carrot hairy root cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 7030–7045.

A reliable and efficient protocol for induction of hairy roots in Agastache foeniculum

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Nourozi ◽  
Bahman Hosseini ◽  
Abbas Hassani
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Transformed Roots

AbstractHairy root culture system is a valuable tool to study the characteristics of gene expression, gene function, root biology, biochemical properties and biosynthesis pathways of secondary metabolites. In the present study, hairy roots were established in Anise hyssop (Agastache foeniculum) via Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Three strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4, A7 and 9435), were used for induction of hairy roots in four various explants (hypocotyl, cotyledon, one-month-old leaf and five-month-old leaf) of Anise hyssop. The highest frequency of transformation was achieved using A4 strain in one-month-old leaves (51.1%). The transgenic states of hairy root lines were confirmed by PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) method. High performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the production of rosmarinic acid (RA) in transformed roots of A. foeniculum was almost 4-fold higher than that of the non-transformed roots. In a separate experiment, hairy roots obtained from one-month-old leaves inoculated with A4 strain, were grown in liquid medium and the effects of different concentrations of salicylic acid (0.0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) and chitosan (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L−1) (as elicitor) and sucrose (20, 30, 40 and 50 g L−1) on the growth of hairy roots were evaluated. The results showed that, 30 g L−1 sucrose and 100 mg L−1 chitosan increased the biomass of hairy root cultures and application of salicylic acid reduced the growth of hairy roots compared with control roots.

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