The Effect of 12 Weekes Weight Bearing Water Training on the Bone Density of Middle Age Sedentary Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
Behnaz Vanaky ◽  
Heydar Sadeghi ◽  
Nasrin Ramezani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Sedentary Women

Does weight-bearing exercise protect against the effects of exercise-induced oligomenorrhea on bone density?

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pearce ◽  
S. Bass ◽  
N. Young ◽  
C. Formica ◽  
E. Seeman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Exercise Induced

Vertical impact increase in middle age may explain idiopathic weight-bearing joint osteoarthritis

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1673-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Robbins ◽  
Edward Waked ◽  
Nicholas Krouglicof
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Vertical Impact

scholarly journals Assessment of First Metatarsal Head Bone Density for Optimal Screw Placement in Minimally-Invasive Hallux Valgus Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0003
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Dederer ◽  
Patrick J. Maloney ◽  
John T. Campbell ◽  
Clifford L. Jeng ◽  
Rebecca A. Cerrato
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Screw Placement ◽  
Cannulated Screws ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
History Of

Category: Bunion; Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) for hallux valgus correction has become increasingly common. This technique involves an osteotomy of the first metatarsal, followed by fixation with two cannulated screws. Since screws are typically not bicortical, they rely upon bone quality within the metatarsal head for fixation strength. However, bone mineral density (BMD) within different regions of the metatarsal head is unknown. Measuring the BMD in the target region may predict the strength of the bone-screw fixation. Similar to previous work which determined the optimal position for lag screw placement in the femoral head during hip fracture fixation, this study aimed to determine average BMD within four quadrants of the metatarsal head using CT and thus predict the optimal trajectories for cannulated screws during the MIS bunion procedure. Methods: All patients between 18-75 years of age scheduled to undergo MIS hallux valgus correction by one of two surgeons experienced in the MIS technique were eligible to participate. Patients were excluded if they had a prior first metatarsal surgery, pre-existing hardware, previous first metatarsal fracture, or a history of osteoporosis treatment. Patients were enrolled prospectively, and a weight-bearing CT scan of the affected foot was obtained pre-operatively. Demographic factors including age, sex, laterality, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and smoking status as well as standard three-view weight-bearing radiographs were collected for all patients.Using the coronal CT slice at maximal metatarsal head diameter, each head was divided into equal quadrants. Hounsfield units (HU) within each quadrant were measured independently by three study investigators using our hospital’s radiology viewing software (Merge PACS; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY), and these density measurements were averaged. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and Student’s t-test. Results: Fifteen patients were included for preliminary analysis. All patients were female. The average age was 45.7 years. 9 of the 15 included feet were right feet. Average BMI was 28.0. One patient reported active smoking prior to surgery. Comorbidities included obesity in three patients; none were diabetic. One had a history of diplegic cerebral palsy. The average HVA on a weight- bearing AP foot x-ray was 28.2°, and the average IMA was 12.6°. The BMD within the metatarsal head varied by quadrant, with the two combined dorsal quadrants having higher average BMD than the two combined plantar quadrants (122 vs 85 HU; p<0.001). The dorsal lateral quadrant had the highest average BMD of any quadrant (132 HU, p<0.001; Table 1). Conclusion: The density of the metatarsal head did vary by region within the head. The highest BMD was found in the dorsal lateral quadrant, and the lowest in the plantar lateral and plantar medial quadrants, which did not differ significantly from each other. Because strength of screw fixation is predicated upon screw design as well as bone density, these results suggest that surgeons may wish to direct screws toward the dorsolateral region of the metatarsal head in order to achieve optimal fixation. Further work is needed to determine whether this varies with patient age, gender, or hallux valgus angle. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Physical Exercise on Bone Density in Osteoporotic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Benedetti ◽  
Giulia Furlini ◽  
Alessandro Zati ◽  
Giulia Letizia Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Resistance Exercises

Physical exercise is considered an effective means to stimulate bone osteogenesis in osteoporotic patients. The authors reviewed the current literature to define the most appropriate features of exercise for increasing bone density in osteoporotic patients. Two types emerged: (1) weight-bearing aerobic exercises, i.e., walking, stair climbing, jogging, and Tai Chi. Walking alone did not appear to improve bone mass; however it is able to limit its progressive loss. In fact, in order for the weight-bearing exercises to be effective, they must reach the mechanical intensity useful to determine an important ground reaction force. (2) Strength and resistance exercises: these are carried out with loading (lifting weights) or without (swimming, cycling). For this type of exercise to be effective a joint reaction force superior to common daily activity with sensitive muscle strengthening must be determined. These exercises appear extremely site-specific, able to increase muscle mass and BMD only in the stimulated body regions. Other suggested protocols are multicomponent exercises and whole body vibration. Multicomponent exercises consist of a combination of different methods (aerobics, strengthening, progressive resistance, balancing, and dancing) aimed at increasing or preserving bone mass. These exercises seem particularly indicated in deteriorating elderly patients, often not able to perform exercises of pure reinforcement. However, for these protocols to be effective they must always contain a proportion of strengthening and resistance exercises. Given the variability of the protocols and outcome measures, the results of these methods are difficult to quantify. Training with whole body vibration (WBV): these exercises are performed with dedicated devices, and while it seems they have effect on enhancing muscle strength, controversial findings on improvement of BMD were reported. WBV seems to provide good results, especially in improving balance and reducing the risk of falling; in this, WBV appears more efficient than simply walking. Nevertheless, contraindications typical of senility should be taken into account.

scholarly journals Comparison of Tibial and Talar Bone Density as a Function of Resection Level in Patients Undergoing Total Ankle Replacement vs Demographic-Matched Controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0020
Author(s):  
Thos Harnroongroj ◽  
Lauren Volpert ◽  
Daniel Sturnick ◽  
Carolyn Sofka ◽  
Scott J. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Total Ankle Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ankle Arthritis ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Ankle Replacement ◽  
Significant Difference

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Initial implant fixation is critical for long-term success of total ankle replacement (TAR). One important factor which contributes to implant stability is the quality of the surrounding bone. Previous studies characterized a decrease in bone density with increasing distance from the level of the joint in the tibia and talus in non-arthritic ankles. However, ankle arthritis affects bone density remains unclear. The objective of this study is to compare the bone density in patients with and without ankle arthritis as a function of resection level from the joint. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in bone densities at each resection level between groups and bone density would decrease with greater distance from articular surface in both groups. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 93 end-stage ankle arthritis patients with available preoperative non-weight bearing ankle computed tomography scans (CT)(Group A) and identified another cohort of 83 patients with non-arthritic ankles as a demographic-matched control group(Group B). Patients with retained ankle hardware, history of osteomyelitis, osteoporosis, and cysts greater than 1 cm in diameter at the ankle were excluded. There was no difference in term of gender, age and body mass index (BMI) between the groups(Table 1). The ROI tool in Sectra IDS7 picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was used to calculate Hounsfield Unit (HU) values in the cancellous region of the tibia and talus around the ankle joint. Measurements were obtained on axial CTs from 6 mm to 12 mm above the distal tibial plafond, and from 1 mm to 4 mm below the talar dome. The HU measurements and percentage decrease of HU values at each level were compared between groups. Results: Patients with ankle arthritis demonstrated significantly greater bone density than the control group between 6 mm and 10 mm from the joint in the tibia. There was no significant difference in bone density between 10 mm and 12 mm from the joint on the tibia, and at all levels in the talus between groups (Table 1). In both groups, bone density decreased significantly at each successive level from the joint for the tibia and talus. In addition, the percentage decrease of HU values at each relative level was the same in both groups. Conclusion: Patients with ankle arthritis demonstrated greater bone density at 6 mm to 10 mm from the joint in the tibia compared to demographic-matched controls. The increased bone density close to the joint may stem from bone eburnation that occurs as part of the arthritic process. In TAR, a tibial bone resection between 6 mm and 10 mm may provide improved initial stability of the implant. Contrary to traditional thinking, fixation into the talus may be of less concern.

Changes in Behavior and Behavioral Intentions among Middle-Age Women: Results from an Osteoporosis Prevention Program

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori W. Turner ◽  
Lorraine S. Wallace ◽  
Sharon B. Hunt ◽  
Amy S. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Actual Change

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in behaviors and behavioral intentions that occurred among 342 middle-age women ( M age 49.5 yr.) after participating in an Osteoporosis Prevention Program. The valid and reliable Osteoporosis Preventing Behaviors Survey (developed by Doheny and Sedlak) and a survey developed for this work were measures. Significant changes in behaviors were reported, especially increases in weight-bearing physical activity, dairy product intake, and decreases in consumption of caffeine-containing beverages. Many subjects reported intentions to increase physical activity and calcium intake. An Osteoporosis Prevention Program may help promote osteoporosis prevention behaviors, but intents must be followed up to check actual change.

scholarly journals Yoga, Vertebral Fractures, and Osteoporosis: Research and Recommendations

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Norlyk Smith ◽  
Anita Boser
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Vertebral Fractures ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Spinal Movement ◽  
Osteoporosis Research ◽  
Spinal Flexion

Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone density that leaves bones fragile and highly susceptible to fracture. Globally, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men older than 50 will suffer from an osteoporotic fracture, and those individuals will experience a considerably higher risk of postfracture mortality than will the general population. Gentle, weight-bearing exercises such as yoga can help prevent or cease the progression of osteoporosis; however, there is insufficient data regarding which yoga poses present the least risk and are most beneficial to individuals with reduced bone density. Objectives: Review the extant literature about the risks and benefits to the spine of particular forms of movement and consider recommendations relative to the practice of yoga. Methods: A review of the PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases was conducted that identified manuscripts published between 1966 and 2011 about topics related to osteoporosis and spinal movement. Conclusions: Movements involving spinal flexion can increase risk for vertebral compression fractures; however, a combination of mild spinal flexion and extension may prove beneficial. Moderate, weight-bearing activities that strengthen the muscles supporting the spinal column, promote balance, improve posture, and enhance quality of life appear to be of greatest benefit. Ample evidence supports the importance of varied spinal movement for preserving the health and strength of the vertebral bodies. Exercise modifications suitable for high-risk individuals may be counterproductive for those at low risk for vertebral fractures. Yoga therapists are cautioned to not apply a one-size-fits-all approach when working with this population. Well-designed empirical studies are needed to further our understanding of which yoga poses present the least risk and are of greatest benefit to individuals with osteoporosis.

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