Computer-aided exergo-environmental analysis of biodiesel production process from microalgal biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (44) ◽  
pp. 2201-2209
Author(s):  
Maria Ochoa-Garcia ◽  
Luis Tejeda-Lopez ◽  
Karina Ojeda-Delgado ◽  
Angel Gonzalez-Delgado ◽  
Eduardo Sanchez-Tuiran
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Computer Aided

scholarly journals Biodiesel production from microalgae by enzymatic transesterification

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Abhishek Guldhe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Microalgal Lipids

Main focus of this study is to investigate the enzymatic-conversion of microalgal lipids to biodiesel. However, preceding steps before conversion such as drying of microalgal biomass and extraction of lipids were also studied. Downstream processing of microalgae has several challenges and there is very little literature available in this area. S. obliquus was grown in the pilot scale open pond cultivation system for biomass production. Different techniques were studied for biomass drying and extraction of lipids from harvested microalgal biomass. Effect of these drying and extraction techniques on lipid yield and quality was assessed. Energy consumption and economic evaluation was also studied. Enzymatic conversion of microalgal lipids by extracellular and whole cell lipase application was investigated. For both applications, free and immobilized lipases from different sources were screened and selected based on biodiesel conversion. Process parameters were optimized using chosen extracellular and whole cell lipases; also step-wise methanol addition was studied to improve the biodiesel conversion. Immobilized lipase was studied for its reuse. Final biodiesel was characterized for its fuel properties and compared with the specifications given by international standards. Enzymatic conversion of microalgal lipids was compared with the conventional homogeneous acid-catalyzed conversion. Enzymatic conversion and chemical conversion were techno-economically investigated based on process cost, energy consumption and processing steps. Freeze drying was the most efficient technique, however at large scale economical sun drying could also be selected as possible drying step. Microwave assisted lipid extraction performed better compared to sonication technique. Immobilized P. fluorescens lipase in extracellular application and A. niger lipase in whole cell application showed superior biodiesel conversion. The extracellular immobilized P. fluorescens lipase showed better biodiesel conversion and yields than the immobilized A. niger whole cell lipase. Both the enzyme catalysts showed lower biodiesel conversion compared to conventional chemical catalyst and higher processing cost. However, techno-economic analysis showed that, the reuse potential of immobilized lipases can significantly improve the economics. Fewer purification steps, less wastewater generation and minimal energy input are the benefits of enzymatic route of biodiesel conversion. Microalgae as a feedstock and lipase as a catalyst for conversion makes overall biodiesel production process environmentally-friendly. Data from this study has academic as well as industrial significance. Conclusions from this study form the basis for greener and sustainable scaling-up of microalgal biodiesel production process.

scholarly journals Optimization of the ionic liquid-microwave assisted one-step biodiesel production process from wet microalgal biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Wahidin ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
Noordin Mohd Yusof ◽  
Nor Hisham Haji Kamis ◽  
Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
One Step

Formulation of Colors Using a Genetic Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
Cezary Draus ◽  
Grzegorz Nowak ◽  
Maciej Nowak ◽  
Marcin Tokarski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Apply Genetic ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Multiple Samples ◽  
Plastics Industry

Abstract The possibility to obtain a desired color of the product and to ensure its repeatability in the production process is highly desired in many industries such as printing, automobile, dyeing, textile, cosmetics or plastics industry. So far, most companies have traditionally used the "manual" method, relying on intuition and experience of a colorist. However, the manual preparation of multiple samples and their correction can be very time consuming and expensive. The computer technology has allowed the development of software to support the process of matching colors. Nowadays, formulation of colors is done with appropriate equipment (colorimeters, spectrophotometers, computers) and dedicated software. Computer-aided formulation is much faster and cheaper than manual formulation, because fewer corrective iterations have to be carried out, to achieve the desired result. Moreover, the colors are analyzed with regard to the metamerism, and the best recipe can be chosen, according to the specific criteria (price, quantity, availability). Optimaization problem of color formulation can be solved in many diferent ways. Authors decided to apply genetic algorithms in this domain.

Application of Low‐Frequency Ultrasound for Intensified Biodiesel Production Process

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-84
Author(s):  
Mohd Razealy Anuar ◽  
Mohamed Hussein Abdurahman ◽  
Nor Irwin Basir ◽  
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Low Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Acai seed ash as a novel basic heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis: Optimization of the biodiesel production process

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 120887
Author(s):  
Erica Karine Lourenço Mares ◽  
Matheus Arrais Gonçalves ◽  
Patrícia Teresa Souza da Luz ◽  
Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho ◽  
José Roberto Zamian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis

Study of an energy-integrated biodiesel production process using supercritical methanol and a low-cost feedstock

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora L. Manuale ◽  
Gerardo C. Torres ◽  
Carlos R. Vera ◽  
Juan C. Yori
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Supercritical Methanol

scholarly journals Physical Methods of Microalgal Biomass Pretreatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Piasecka ◽  
Izabela Krzemińska ◽  
Jerzy Tys
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Microwave Techniques

Abstract The prospect of depletion of natural energy resources on the Earth forces researchers to seek and explore new and alternative energy sources. Biomass is a composite resource that can be used in many ways leading to diversity of products. Therefore, microalgal biomass offers great potential. The main aim of this study is to find the best physical method of microalgal biomass pretreatment that guarantees efficient lipid extraction. These studies identifies biochemical composition of microalgal biomass as source for biodisel production. The influence of drying at different temperatures and lyophilization was investigated. In addition, wet and untreated biomass was examined. Cell disruption (sonication and microwave) techniques were used to improve lipid extraction from wet biomass. Additionally, two different extraction methods were carried out to select the best method of crude oil extraction. The results of this study show that wet biomass after sonication is the most suitable for extraction. The fatty acid composition of microalgal biomass includes linoleic acid (C18:2), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linolenic acid (C18:3), and stearic acid (C18:0), which play a key role in biodiesel production.

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