scholarly journals Prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in surgical practice and laboratory dog husbandry room environments at Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Veterinary Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Kulchai Nakbubpa ◽  
◽  
Kunyavee phattanakitjumroon ◽  
Thitichaya Chukiatsiri ◽  
Krittamet Rommaneeyachitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Secondary Infections

Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly found in environments, causing secondary infections in both human and animals, as well as antibiotic resistance problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of K. pneumoniae contaminated in the environments of surgical practice and laboratory dog husbandry rooms at Animal hospital, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok during 2019 - 2020. Two-hundred-swabbed samples were collected from these nearby environments and laboratory dogs themselves. Then, all samples were tested for K. pneumoniae and antibiotic susceptibility using disk diffusion method. From the results, the total prevalence was 3.5% and the high frequencies were found in three categories: laboratory dogs (35.7%), veterinarian belongings (3.3%) and building structure (2.5%). The antibiotic resistance was also detected including Cephalexin, Ceftazidime and Penicillin G (100%), Gentamicin and Colistin (85.71%), Amikacin (42.86%), and Ciprofloxacin (14.29%). Owning to the fact that laboratory dogs exposed to an external environment leading to bacterial contamination into themself and the husbandry room. Therefore, the hygiene of laboratory dogs and area in husbandry room should be primarily considered. Our study would be the preliminary baseline for the study of antibiotic resistant K. pneumoniae contamination in dogs, human, and their environments.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Osun State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Idowu Jesulayomi Adeosun ◽  
Kolawole Elijah Oladipo ◽  
Oluwatosin Akinola Ajibade ◽  
Titilayo Mabel Olotu ◽  
Abayomi A Oladipo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family that causes healthcare-associated infections and has recently emerged as one of the most antibiotic-resistant organisms responsible for outbreaks in both community and healthcare settings. The aim of this study is to determine the resistance pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from selected tertiary hospitals in Osun state, Nigeria. A total of 62 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were obtained from 1056 samples of urine, wound swab, ear swab, eye swab and other collection sites that were routinely submitted to the diagnostic laboratories of the selected tertiaryhospitals. Susceptibility to twelve (12) antibiotics (Oxoid) was determined using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method for the 62 isolates. Rate of resistance to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, polymyxins, monobactams, cephalosporins, penicillin and phosphonic acid derivative are 29.03%, 47.84%, 29.03%, 46.77%, 50.80%, 93.55%, and 37.10% respectively. The isolates were mostly susceptible to carbapenems, especially, Imipenem with 74.19%. Highest resistance was to Penicillin (93.55%). The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index revealed that 52 (83.87%) out of 62 isolates were multi-drug resistant. Increase in antibiotic resistance continues to be a problem amidst patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae which can be most likely attributed to increase in antibiotic misapplication, misuse and abuse which is most prevalent among youths. It is therefore of utmost importance that consistent monitoring of antibiotic resistance be done as it will assist in the appropriate selection of empiric antibiotic treatment in the proper setting.

Prevalence, Antibiogram, and cdt Genes of Toxigenic Campylobacter jejuni in Salad Style Vegetables (Ulam) at Farms and Retail Outlets in Terengganu

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHD IKHSAN KHALID ◽  
JOHN YEW HUAT TANG ◽  
NABILA HUDA BAHARUDDIN ◽  
NASIHA SHAKINA RAHMAN ◽  
NURUL FAIZZAH RAHIMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Pcr Method

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance among Campylobacter jejuni in ulam at farms and retail outlets located in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. A total of 526 samples (ulam, soil, and fertilizer) were investigated for the presence of C. jejuni and the gene for cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) by using a multiplex PCR method. Antibiotic susceptibility to 10 types of antibiotics was determined using the disk diffusion method for 33 C. jejuni isolates. The average prevalence of contaminated samples from farms, wet markets, and supermarkets was 35.29, 52.66, and 69.88%, respectively. The cdt gene was not detected in 24 of the 33 C. jejuni isolates, but 9 isolates harbored cdtC. Antibiotic resistance in C. jejuni isolates was highest to penicillin G (96.97% of isolates) followed by vancomycin (87.88%), ampicillin (75.76%), erythromycin (60.61%), tetracycline (9.09%), amikacin (6.06%), and norfloxacin (3.03%); none of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and gentamicin. In this study, C. jejuni was present in ulam, and some isolates were highly resistant to some antibiotics but not to quinolones. Thus, appropriate attention and measures are required to prevent C. jejuni contamination on farms and at retail outlets.

Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Fresh Fruits and Vegetables and Characterization of their AmpC β-Lactamases

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1857-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHRA S. AL-KHAROUSI ◽  
NEJIB GUIZANI ◽  
ABDULLAH M. AL-SADI ◽  
ISMAIL M. AL-BULUSHI
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Enterobacter Asburiae

ABSTRACT Enterobacteria may gain antibiotic resistance and be potent pathogens wherever they are present, including in fresh fruits and vegetables. This study tested the antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria isolated from 13 types of local and imported fresh fruits and vegetables (n = 105), using the standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of AmpC β-lactamases were determined in cefoxitin-resistant isolates. Ten percent of the enterobacteria tested (n = 88) were pansusceptible, 74% were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 16% were multidrug resistant. Enterobacteria isolates showed the highest antibiotic resistance against ampicillin (66%), cephalothin (57%), amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (33%), cefoxitin (31%), tetracycline (9%), nalidixic acid (7%), trimethoprim (6%), and kanamycin (5%). Three isolates showed intermediate resistance to the clinically important antibiotic imipenem. Escherichia coli isolated from lettuce exhibited multidrug resistance against five antibiotics. Fifteen isolates were confirmed to have AmpC β-lactamase, using the inhibitor-based test and the antagonism test; the latter test confirmed that the enzyme was an inducible type. Four types of ampC β-lactamase genes (CIT, EBC, FOX, and MOX) were detected in eight isolates: four Enterobacter cloacae isolates and one isolate each of Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter hormaechei, and Enterobacter ludwigii. It was concluded that fresh fruits and vegetables might play a role as a source or vehicle for transferring antibiotic-resistant bacteria that might spread to other countries through exportation. The clinically significant AmpC β-lactamase was rarely documented in the literature on bacteria isolated from fruits and vegetables, and to our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection of an inducible type in such commodities.

scholarly journals Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kiana Karimi ◽  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Parinaz Sedighi ◽  
Mohammad Taheri ◽  
Amin Doosti-Irani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an encapsulated Gram-negative bacterium that can lead to 14–20% of nosocomial infections. The ability of biofilm formation in this bacterium decreases the host immune response and antibiotic efficacy. This may impose a huge impact on patients and healthcare settings. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern and biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from two major Hamadan hospitals, west of Iran. Methods. A total of 83 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from clinical samples of patients in different wards of Hamadan hospitals from September 2018 to March 2019. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation was evaluated by the crystal violet method. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software and chi-square test. Results. The results showed that clinical samples included 18 urinary tract samples (22%), 6 wound samples (7%), 6 blood samples (7%), 17 tracheal tube aspiration samples (20%), 32 throat cultures (38%), 2 sputum samples (2.5%), and 2 abscess drain cultures (2.5%). High-level resistance to cefotaxime was detected in 92%, and all of isolates were susceptible to colistin. Biofilm formation was seen in 62 (75%) isolates. Strong biofilm formation was observed in 17 (20%) strains. A significant correlation was seen between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance ( P value <0.05). Conclusion. Our findings emphasize the need for proper diagnosis, control, and treatment of infections caused by K. pneumoniae especially in respiratory tract infections due to the strong biofilm formation and high antibiotic resistance in these strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Patients Hospitalized in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran (2016 - 2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Zamanian ◽  
Marya Shirvani ◽  
Alireza Janbakhsh ◽  
Babak Sayad ◽  
Siavash Vaziri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen, which often causes asymptomatic diseases. This bacterium could cause several disorders, ranging from skin infections to life-threatening diseases. S. aureus could also develop resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pattern of antibiotic resistance in isolated S. aureus in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,228 patients with a positive S. aureus culture who were admitted to Imam Reza Hospital during 2016 - 2018. In accordance with the CLSI protocol, bacterial isolates were separated using laboratory tests, and antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the standard disk-diffusion method. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 24. Results: Most of the S. aureus-positive cases were isolated from the emergency ward (43.7%), blood samples (40.1%), and urine samples (23.9%). The highest antibiotic resistance was observed against erythromycin, penicillin G, ofloxacin, cefoxitin, clindamycin, and piperacillin. With 93.3% and 81.8% sensitivity, vancomycin and teicoplanin were respectively the most effective antibiotics against S. aureus. Conclusions: According to the results, the prevalence of resistant S. aureus strains could be due to the long-term hospitalization of patients and the overuse of antibiotics in infection treatment. Therefore, proper monitoring and development of effective infection control methods are essential in these healthcare settings.

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM SEDIMENT OF COASTAL WATER OF PAHANG, MALAYSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhazlin Ab Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury ◽  
Zaima Azira Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Index Value

This study was undertaken to determine the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in sediment of coastal water of Pahang, Malaysia. A total of 125 bacteria were isolated from sediment samples of Tanjung Lumpur (A and B), Teluk Chempedak, Batu Hitam and Balok and tested against 10 different antibiotics by disc diffusion method. In Teluk Chempedak and Balok, the greatest frequencies of resistance in bacteria were found in Polymyxin B and Streptomycin but less common in Chloramphenicol. Meanwhile, high resistance of bacteria against the antibiotic in Tanjung Lumpur existed in Polymyxin B, Penicillin G and Ampicillin, whilst no resistance in bacteria was found in Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Erythromycin. Most of the bacteria from Batu Hitam exhibited high resistance to most of the antibiotics tested. Approximately, most of the isolates showed Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index value higher than 0.2 (>0.2) which suggest there are high-risk of antibiotics contamination in the areas. Two isolates that showed resistance to most antibiotics were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Brevundimonas vesicularis. Findings from this preliminary study revealed the presence of antibiotic resistance strain of bacteria which may indicate the occurrence of antibiotic contamination s at the coastal water of Pahang, Malaysia and this may pose a potential public health implications.

scholarly journals Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic-Resistant Pattern of Lactobacillus spp. Isolated From Dairy Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Shafiei Seifabadi ◽  
Majid Baserisalehi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Susceptibility Assay

Background: Microorganisms have potent activity for transferring antibiotic-resistant genes with either chromosomally- or plasmid-mediated characteristics. The purpose of this study was to isolate Lactobacillus from different commercial products and evaluate their potential in antibiotic-resistant development. Chromosomally-or plasmid-mediated resistant genes were investigated as well. Methods: In total, Lactobacillus strains were isolated from 20 commercial dairy product samples such as cheese and yoghurt. The isolates were phenotypic and molecularly identified and their antibiotic-resistant properties were assessed by the disk-diffusion method. Finally, the plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistant characters of the isolates were evaluated by plasmid curing via evaluated temperatures and acridine orange methods. Results: Five strains Lactobacillus paracasei, L. rhamnosus, L. casei, L. plantarum, and L. fermentum were isolated different products. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility assay indicated that all strains were susceptible to amoxicillin and imipenem and resistant to ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Furthermore, different responses were observed among the isolates against streptomycin and gentamicin. The evaluation of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in the isolates revealed that streptomycin and gentamicin-resistant characters were of plasmid-mediated type in L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum strains. Conclusions: In general, our finding demonstrated that some commercial Lactobacillus strains harboured antibiotic-resistant genes. These genes can be located either in chromosome or plasmid group. Hence, the frequency of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria might be increased after consuming some dairy products because of the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes among the bacteria.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. Isolated from Street-Vended Beverages

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Shahara Zulfakar ◽  
Noraziah Mohamad Zin ◽  
Siti Nur Shafika Mat Zalami ◽  
Nur Syakirah Mohd Nawawee
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Mar Index

The risk of foodborne diseases as well as the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria increases with the consumption of street-vended food and beverages. This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. in street-vended beverages sold in Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to identify the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. isolates towards 11 selected antibiotics. Six beverage samples were found positive for presumptive Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. Upon confirmation via Microgen kit and PCR biochemical testing methods, only one isolate was confirmed to be Salmonella enterica serovar Derby while the other isolates were identified as Citrobacter spp. (n= 12; 2 isolates from each positive beverage sample). The antibiogram test showed that 58.3%, 16.7%, and 8.3% of the strains tested were resistance to tetracycline, cephalexin, and ampicillin respectively, while all isolates were fully resistant toward penicillin and erythromycin. The isolate with the highest MAR index (0.45) was S231, with resistance to five of the tested antibiotics (penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, cephalexin, and ampicillin). Seven isolates had a MAR index of 0.27 and were resistant to three antibiotics, while the remaining four isolates had the lowest MAR index (0.18) and were resistant to only two antibiotics. This study shows that street-vended beverages have a high risk of spreading antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the public and that Citrobacter spp. should be considered as emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria in the food production system.

scholarly journals Profile of antibiotic-resistant and presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from nasal swab of dogs from several animal clinics in Surabaya, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Vega Decline ◽  
Mustofa Helmi Effendi ◽  
Reina Puspita Rahmaniar ◽  
Sheila Marty Yanestria ◽  
Nenny Harijani
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance

Aim: The research was to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile and to screen for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from nasal mucosa swab of dogs. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from three pet clinics, three K9 units, one veterinary teaching hospital, and one kennel in Surabaya. Of the 50 total samples, 24 confirmed S. aureus strains, which were used for antibiotic sensitivity tests using a disk diffusion method and screening of MRSA used oxacillin resistance screening for base (ORSAB). Results: This study showed that there were differences in antibiotic resistance patterns among different locations. Fourteen isolates were screened for MRSA by culture on ORSAB. Conclusion: MRSA carriage was found on nasal swab of dogs, and dogs can act as reservoir of MRSA for spreading to human health. Keywords: antibiotic-resistant, dogs, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Escherichia coli isolates from imported 1-day-old chicks, ducklings, and turkey poults

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1044
Author(s):  
Mona A. A. AbdelRahman ◽  
Heba Roshdy ◽  
Abdelhafez H. Samir ◽  
Engy A. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Turkey Poults

Aim: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat. This study investigated the prevalence of Escherichia coli in imported 1-day-old chicks, ducklings, and turkey poults. Materials and Methods: The liver, heart, lungs, and yolk sacs of 148 imported batches of 1-day-old flocks (chicks, 45; ducklings, 63; and turkey poults, 40) were bacteriologically examined for the presence of E. coli. Results: We isolated 38 E. coli strains from 13.5%, 6.7%, and 5.4% of imported batches of 1-day-old chicks, ducklings, and turkey poults, respectively. They were serotyped as O91, O125, O145, O78, O44, O36, O169, O124, O15, O26, and untyped in the imported chicks; O91, O119, O145, O15, O169, and untyped in the imported ducklings; and O78, O28, O29, O168, O125, O158, and O115 in the imported turkey poults. The E. coli isolates were investigated for antibiotic resistance against 16 antibiotics using the disk diffusion method and were found resistant to cefotaxime (60.5%), nalidixic acid (44.7%), tetracycline (44.7%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (42.1%). The distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and ampC β-lactamase genes was blaTEM (52.6%), blaSHV (28.9%), blaCTX-M (39.5%), blaOXA-1 (13.1%), and ampC (28.9%). Conclusion: Imported 1-day-old poultry flocks may be a potential source for the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and the ESBL genes in poultry production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document