Phenotypic variation of Thaumatomyia notate (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera; Chloropidae) in East Azerbaijan province - Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (22) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Samad Khaghaninia ◽  
Yaser Gharajedaghi ◽  
Stepan Kubik
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Elevation ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Dark Coloration

The phenotypic variation of Thaumatomyia notate (Meigen, 1830) (Chloropidae) collected from six different regions was studied in the East Azerbaijan province in northwestern Iran during 2009-2012. Eight populations of Thaumatomyia notata with different phenotypes were recognized. Environmental parameters such as temperature, elevation and habitat were examined. The results of this study show that colour variation in T. notata is caused mostly by seasonal temperature, dark coloration in April to light in July. In addition, variation in some morphological characters such as antenna, ocellar triangle, microchaetotaxy and size as well as diagnostic characters and photos of each variation are provided.

Phylogenetic relationships between the genera Aphidius and Lysaphidus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) with description of Aphidius iranicus sp. nov.

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Ehsan Rakhshani ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Ljubiša Ž. Stanisavljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Generic Status

AbstractWe analyzed the phylogenetic relationships between eight Aphidius Nees and six Lysaphidus Smith species on the basis of 12 morphological characters by parsimony analysis. The consensus tree does not support the generic status of Lysaphidus. Aphidius iranicus, sp. nov., associated with Titanosiphon bellicosum Nevsky on Artemisia absinthium L. from Iran, is described. The new parasitoid species is described and illustrated by line drawings, and its diagnostic characters are discussed. The taxonomic position of the subgenus Tremblayia Tizado and Núñez-Pérez is also considered. Tremblayia and Lysaphidus are newly classified as synonyms of Aphidius. The following new or revised combinations are proposed: Aphidius adelocarinus Smith, comb. rev., A. ramythirus Smith, comb. rev., A. rosaphidis Smith, comb. rev., A. viaticus (Sedlag), comb. nov., A. arvensis (Starý), comb. nov., and A. erysimi (Starý), comb. nov.

Studies on some Sporozoa in Polychaete Worms

Parasitology ◽  
1930 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harendra Nath Ray
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
First Time

1. The main facts in Brasil's (1907) account of the intracellular schizogony inSelenidium caulleryifromProtula tubulariahave been confirmed. Early stages in the sporogony of this species are described now for the first time.2. Intracellular schizogony is described for the first time inSelenidium mesniliBrasil fromMyxicola infundibulum, and here also the early stages in sporogony are noted for the first time.3. The life histories of Caullery and Mesnil's two unnamed species ofSelenidium(now calledS. spionis(Köll.) andS. foliatumn.sp.) fromScolelepis fuliginosahave been exhaustively studied. No schizogonic phase has been observed in either. The gametocysts, here described for the first time, are found to develop fully only after escape into the sea. The gametocysts ofS. spionisare ovoid, 108μ x 60μ and contain spores with four sporozoites: those ofS. foliatumare spherical, 70μ in diameter, and their spores contain eight sporozoites.4. New or hitherto little known species ofSelenidiumare recorded fromCirratulus cirratusMüll.,Branchiomma vesiculosumMont.,Sabella pavoninaSav.,Pomatoceros triqueterL. andTerebella lepidoriaKühl, and the morphological characters of the trophozoites are described.5. A discussion follows of the value of the diagnostic characters of the genusSelenidium. It is suggested that this genus requires drastic revision and will probably have to be dismembered. Stress is laid, however, on the occurrence in all the gregarines examined, and at all the observed stages of their development, of characteristic chromatic bodies at the anterior end, structures which have hitherto escaped the notice of most observers.

scholarly journals Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID A. DONOSO ◽  
JUAN M. VIEIRA ◽  
ALEXANDER L. WILD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
Army Ant ◽  
First Case ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Worker Caste

We report three new species of the ant genus Leptanilloides from Andean Ecuador. Leptanilloides nomada sp. n. and L. caracola sp. n. are described from the worker caste, the latter from a unique specimen; L. nubecula sp. n. is described from workers, males, and two gyne subcastes previously unknown for the entire subfamily. Phenotypic variation in morphological characters in the new species L. nomada and L. nubecula is more plastic than suggested by the traditional generic diagnosis. These records represent the first case of three Leptanilloides species occurring in sympatry. We discuss aspects of the army ant syndrome and its relevance to the genus Leptanilloides.Tres nuevas especies del género de hormigas Leptanilloides son descritas a partir de especimenes encontrados en Los Andes ecuatorianos. Leptanilloides nomada sp. n. y L. caracola sp. n. son descritas en base a obreras, ésta última es descrita a partir de un sólo espécimen. L. nubecula sp. n. es descrita en base a obreras, machos y dos subcastas de ginas previamente desconocidas para toda la subfamilia. La variación fenotípica encontrada en algunos caracteres morfológicos de las nuevas especies L. nomada y L. nubecula es más plástica de lo que sugiere la diagnosis genérica tradicional. Estos registros constituyen el primer ejemplo de tres especies de Leptanilloides viviendo en simpatría. Discutimos aspectos del síndrome de las hormigas legionarias y su aplicación al género Leptanilloides.

scholarly journals A simple index to quantify and compare the magnitude of intraspecific geographic plumage colour variation in typical antbirds (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Rafael S Marcondes ◽  
Robb T Brumfield
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Plumage Colour ◽  
Colour Space ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Simple Index ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Variable Species

Abstract Intraspecific geographic phenotypic variation is a crucial theme in evolutionary biology. Comparing its magnitude across species can provide insights into its ecological and genetic correlates. Here, we developed an index, which we dub the V index, to quantify intraspecific plumage colour variation in typical antbirds (Thamnophilidae), a family which has long interested ornithologists due to a high prevalence of intraspecific variation. The V index is based on a bivariate colour space defined by brightness and redness. Its value for each species equals the mean area occupied by each of its subspecies in that colour space, divided by the area of the species. Lower values indicate greater intraspecific geographic variation. Based on this index, Thamnophilus caerulescens (Variable Antshrike) was exceptionally geographically variable compared to other thamnophilids, as previously suggested based on qualitative evidence. In general, we found that the most variable species had disjunct distributions and deep phylogeographic structure, suggesting an effect of historical population dynamics in producing geographic variation. The V index can be adapted for use with other taxa, traits, and taxonomic levels, and we expect it will instigate novel ways of thinking about phenotypic variation in birds and other animals.

Pinguisoperla, a new fossil genus of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4425 (3) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-TENG CHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fossil Genus ◽  
Dark Coloration

A new fossil stonefly genus and species of the family Perlidae, Pinguisoperla yangzhouensis gen. et sp. nov., is proposed as the second known genus from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new genus is characterized by its dark coloration and the basally enlarged and curved cerci. Morphological characters of the new genus and species are described, illustrated, and compared with related taxa. 

Contribution to the knowledge of Iranian Pygopleurus Motschulsky, with description of P. rapuzzii n. sp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Glaphyridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENIS KEITH ◽  
MARCO ULIANA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Glaphyridae is described: Pygopleurus rapuzzii n. sp. from northwestern Iran. The new species is sympatric with and shares many character states with P. anahitae Mitter, from which it can be differentiated by the shape of genital parts and by morphological characters of head, pronotum, and elytra. Both species are illustrated for the first time. New records from Iran are given for other species of the genus Pygopleurus Motschulsky.

scholarly journals Euphorbia otjipembana subsp. okakoraensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new subspecies from the Kaokoveld, Namibia, with an amplified description of Euphorbia otjipembana

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
WESSEL SWANEPOEL
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Diagnostic Characters

Euphorbia otjipembana was hitherto only known from the type locality within the Kaokoveld Centre of Endemism, northwestern Namibia. Subsequently several additional populations were discovered, allowing for an amplified description of the species and the recognition of two subspecies. Euphorbia otjipembana subsp. okakoraensis, here described as a new subspecies, is only known from a small area within the Kaokoveld Centre. Diagnostic characters for subsp. okakoraensis include a shrubby habit and medium (up to 1 m) height, 5–7-angled, scarcely constricted branches with two pairs of spines per node and single cymes comprising of three horizontally arranged cyathia. A key as well as a comparative table with diagnostic morphological characters to distinguish between the two subspecies of E. otjipembana is provided.

Revision of Spergularia (Caryophyllaceae) in Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Laurie G. Adams ◽  
Judy G. West ◽  
Kirsten J. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Herbarium Material ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Eleven Species

A revision of the Australian taxa of the genus Spergularia (Caryophyllaceae) on the basis of herbarium material, field studies and analysis of morphological characters necessitates realignment of some taxa and application of some neglected names, clarifying circumscription and understanding of the species of this genus. Eleven species are here recognised, with five considered indigenous, Spergularia nesophila and S. diandroides described as new and S. tasmanica transferred to Spergularia from Lepigonum. Fruits and seeds provide compelling diagnostic characters in this genus and are used in supplementary dichotomous and tabular diagnostic keys. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) illustrate key seed shape and surface features.

Population Studies on Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. I. Variation in Seed and Vegetative Characteristics

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
TP Farrell ◽  
DH Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Popu Lations ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Closed Forest ◽  
Shape And Size

Considerable variation in phyllode shape and size was found between populations of Acacia melanoxylon sampled over the wide geographical range (27° of latitude) of this species in tropical and temperate eastern Australia. Communities sampled range from closed-forest to open-forest and grassy woodland. Some evidence of relationships between morphological characters of the phyllodes and environ- mental conditions of the collecting site was found, although such relationships are complex and not easily understood. The most important factors determining phyllode shape and size were the distance of the collecting site from the coast, and the seasonal distribution of the annual rainfall. Phyllodes tended to be smaller and more symmetric in the drier inland areas. Differences were found between seed characteristics of selected populations, although there was no evidence of correlation of these with selected environmental parameters. Seedlings of 17 popu- lations of A. melanoxylon grown under uniform glasshouse conditions showed some differences in leaf morphology. The age at which conversion to phyllodes begins is correlated with the mean annual rainfall at the site of origin of the seeds. The occurrence of this species in such a wide variety of habitats in eastern Australia is probably due to its clinal variation.

scholarly journals Larval descriptions of three Dromica species with some bionomical remarks (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
pp. 511-525
Author(s):  
Peter Schüle ◽  
Alexander Putchkov ◽  
Tetiana Markina
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Importance

Larvae of all instars of Dromica (s. str.) kolbei (W. Horn, 1897), D. (s. str.) alboclavata Dokhtouroff, 1883 and instar I of D. (s. str.) helleri (W. Horn, 1897) are described and figured in detail. The larvae of these species have several unique morphological characters. The shape of the pronotum, appendages of abdominal segment V and the peculiarities of chaetotaxy are of taxonomic importance. The main diagnostic characters to separate these species from each other and from other known Dromica larvae are given and discussed. Some bionomical peculiarities of D. (s. str.) kolbei are presented.

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