scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY FUNCTION AND HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM’S STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE WITH CONCOMITANT CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Yulia Karliychuk ◽  
Inna Dudka ◽  
Vitaliy Smandych ◽  
Taisiia Krasnova ◽  
Petro Varkhomiy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
The State ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Collagenolytic Activity ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Frequent Relapses

INTRODUCTION: It can be assumed that the comorbidity course of сhronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) can enhance the clinical symptoms of both diseases and lead to frequent relapses of the pathological process due to changes in the proteolysis intensity of high and low molecular weight plasma proteins and the state of the hemocoagulation. OBJECTIVE: To establish the features of hemocoagulation and proteolytic hemostasis at COPD with concomitant CP. METHODS: 120 patients with COPD and CP were examined. The function of external respiration, total coagulation potential of blood plasma, the state of enzymatic and non-enzymatic fibrinolysis, total fibrinolytic activity were investigated. RESULTS: CP contributes to the development of broncho-obstructive syndrome, and the maximum indicators of reduction of FEV1 relative to the proper values are observed in patients with a comorbid course of COPD and CP. Reducing the intensity of collagenolysis in patients of groups 1-2 contributed to the development of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in response to chronic inflammation. The imbalanced increase in the intensity of proteolysis due to reduced expression of its inhibitors in COPD patients with CP led to progressive destruction of the cell membranes of alveolocytes, acinar epithelium of pancreas and epithelium of the bronchial mucosa, acceleration of their apoptosis and development of desquamation, atrophic changes, metaplasia, and the like. The above factors are active as inducers of inflammation, and the formation of pulmonary fibrosis and fibrosis of the pancreas. CONCLUSIONS: In COPD patients with accompanying CP are an increase in the lysis rate of low and high molecular weight proteins and a decrease in blood collagenolytic activity on the background of a significant imbalance in the activity of plasma proteinase inhibitors. Defined suppression of the activity of the anti-coagulation system factors and enzymatic, Hageman-factor-dependent fibrinolysis indicates the formation of hypercoagulation syndrome in these patients.

Peculiarities of Fibrinolytic and Proteolytic Activity of Blood Plasma in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis Combined with Hypothyroidism

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
V. V. Ratsa ◽  
◽  
O. I. Fediv
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Proteins ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of proteolytic and fibrinolytic activities of blood plasma in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. 105 people participated in our study, of which group 1 consisted of patients with chronic pancreatitis (n = 27), group 2 – patients with hypothyroidism (n = 30), group 3 – patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypothyroidism (n = 28), group 4 – almost healthy individuals (n = 20). The state of fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma was studied by lysis of azofibrin, followed by determination of total fibrinolytic activity, non-enzymatic fibrinolytic activity and enzymatic fibrinolytic activity. Assessment of the state of the proteolysis system was studied by lysis of azoalbumin (breakdown of low molecular weight proteins), azocasein (breakdown of high molecular weight proteins) and azocol (breakdown of collagen). Results. When analyzing the results of the study, we observe a probable increase in lysis of azoalbumin by 1.89, 1.96 and 2.16 times (p <0.05) in groups 1, 2, 3 compared with the group of almost healthy individuals. In patients with chronic pancreatitis and hypothyroidism, the most pronounced degradation of low molecular weight proteins was observed, which was 13.86% and 9.75% (p <0.05) higher than in the first and second groups. Indicators of azocasein lysis by 52.48%, 56.35% and 95.03% (p <0.05) were found in groups 1, 2, 3 compared with almost healthy individuals. Azocasein lysis was higher by 27.89% and 24.73% (p <0.05) in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypothyroidism than in patients in groups 1 and 2. Azocol lysis was significantly higher by 10.85%, 12.05%, 16.87% (p <0.05) in groups 1, 2, 3 compared with almost healthy individuals. In addition, in patients with comorbid pathology there was an increase in lysis of azocol by 5.3% and 4.3% (p <0.05) compared with the first and second groups. The total fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma was 8.3%, 6.7%, 16.26% (p <0.05) lower in patients of groups 1, 2, 3 compared with almost healthy individuals. Non-enzymatic fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma was 44.89%, 49.64%, 66.27% higher in groups 1, 2 and 3 than in almost healthy individuals. Enzymatic fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma was 44.28%, 42.25%, 90.57% (p <0.05) lower in group 1, 2, 3 compared with the group of almost healthy individuals (p <0,05). There was a decrease in the level of enzymatic fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma by 32.07% and 33.96% (p <0.05) in patients with chronic pancreatitis associated with hypothyroidism compared with participants in groups 1 and 2 without comorbid pathology. Conclusion. The most pronounced changes in proteolytic (increased lysis of azoalbumin, azocasein, azocol) and fibrinolytic (decrease in total, non-enzymatic and enzymatic) activities of blood plasma in patients with chronic pancreatitis associated with hypothyroidism were determined

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO PROCOAGULANTS FROM WALKER 256 CARCINOSARCOMA TUMORS,

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Gordon ◽  
Bonnie Sloane ◽  
Phil Cavanugh ◽  
Barbara Cross ◽  
Kenneth Honn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cancer Procoagulant ◽  
Walker 256 ◽  
Barbital Buffer

Activation of the coagulation system bytumor cells may play an important role in tumor growth and metastases. Becauseprocoagulant activities have been identified in different tumor cells by different investigators, effective comparison of these activities has been difficult. Therefore, we purified and characterized two different procoagulant proteins from the same Walker 256 tumors. The first procoagulant activity/platelet aggregating activity (PCA/PAA) was purified from a 1% CHAPS detergent extract oftumor homogenate followed by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, anion exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. The protein had a molecular weight of 58,000, required phospholipid and an intact coagulation pathway from factor X through fibrinogen for activity, but did not require factors VII or IX forits procoagulant activity. The procoagulant activity was not inhibited by 5mMphenyl-methyl sulfonyl fluoride, iodoacetamide or phenanthroline; there was noevidence of proteinase activity. The PAA was due to thrombin generation during coagulation. The second procoagulant,cancer procoagulant (CP), was extracted from tumors in barbital buffer (pH 7.4) without detergent, purified by immunoaffinity (using a polyclonal goat antibody to CP from V2 carcinoma) and mercurial-benzoate affinity chromatography. CP had a molecular weight of 68,000, an isoelectric point of 4.8 and initiated coagulation by directly activating factor X in the coagulation system. CP was inhibited by Hg++ and iodoacetamide, cysteine proteinase inhibitors. The purified CP formed an immunodiffusion precipitin band against the polyclonal anti-CP goat antibody. Thus, thepurified CP had the same physicochemical, enzymatic and immunologic propertiesas CP from rabbit V2 carcinoma. Neither procoagulant had the properties of tissue factor. These results suggest that there aretwo distinct procoagulant activities inWalker 256 and that both may contributeto the coagulation abnormalities that are associated with tumor growthand metastases.

A Re-Appraisal of the Role of Blood Coagulation and Platelets in the Generalized Shwartzman Phenomenon

1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 519-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Levin ◽  
E Beck
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Renal Glomeruli ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Shwartzman Phenomenon ◽  
Do So

SummaryThe role of intravascular coagulation in the production of the generalized Shwartzman phenomenon has been evaluated. The administration of endotoxin to animals prepared with Thorotrast results in activation of the coagulation mechanism with the resultant deposition of fibrinoid material in the renal glomeruli. Anticoagulation prevents alterations in the state of the coagulation system and inhibits development of the renal lesions. Platelets are not primarily involved. Platelet antiserum produces similar lesions in animals prepared with Thorotrast, but appears to do so in a manner which does not significantly involve intravascular coagulation.The production of adrenal cortical hemorrhage, comparable to that seen in the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, following the administration of endotoxin to animals that had previously received ACTH does not require intravascular coagulation and may not be a manifestation of the generalized Shwartzman phenomenon.

Molecular weight of Hydroxyethyl Starch Molecules influences Coagulation Profile measured by thrombelastography

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
M Felfernig ◽  
S Virmani ◽  
M Weintraud ◽  
U Oberndorfer ◽  
M Zimpfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Ringer’S Lactate ◽  
Plasmatic Coagulation ◽  
Key Words Coagulation

SummaryBackgroundThe consensus about the ideal intravenous fluid in trauma patients remains open. However, hypertonic saline and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) seems to have advantages in terms of immuno-modulatory and haemodynamic effects. Nevertheless clotting abnormalities are frequently reported in association with the use of HES. We investigated the influence of light, medium and heavy molecular weight (MW) hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on coagulation in 29 healthy subjects.MethodsRinger’s lactate (RL) served as a control solution. Thrombelastography using Haemoscope’s Thrombelastograph® (TEG®) hemostasis system was used to assess the effect of HES polymers and RL. TEG analysis was performed using recalcified native whole blood both with and without the addition of platelet activating factor IV (PAF IV) before and immediately after infusion of one of the solutions.ResultsInfusion of RL or one of the three HES solutions exerts an anticoagulant effect as demonstrated by a increase in clot formation time (R) and a decrease in maximum amplitude (MA), and the angle. The addition of PAF IV reversed these changes.ConclusionsThis data indicate clear evidence of platelet activity per se or platelet interaction with the plasmatic coagulation system. Key words: Coagulation, thrombelastography, platelets, hydroxyethyl-starch

Intraindividual Comparison of the Impact of two Selective Apheresis Methods (DALI and HELP) on the Coagulation System

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Julius ◽  
G. Siegert ◽  
S. Gromeier
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
High Molecular Weight Kininogen ◽  
Prothrombin Fragment ◽  
Intraindividual Comparison ◽  
The Impact

We performed an intraindividual comparison of the effect on the coagulation system of two selective apheresis procedures: Direct Adsorption of Lipoproteins (DALI) and Heparin-induced Lipoprotein Fibrinogen Precipitation (HELP). Six patients suffering from heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have been treated with 2 sessions of each procedure. Anticoagulation was carried out according to usual recommendations. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after and on the second day after the sessions. We assessed global coagulation tests (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time), fibrinogen, prothrombin fragment F 1 + 2 and a variety of factors (Factors II, V, VII, XIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIIa; von Willebrand Factor; collagen-binding activity, prekallikrein, high-molecular weight kininogen) and antagonists (antithrombin III, protein S activity, free protein S). In fact, all parameters measured have been influenced by the apheresis treatment. Fibrinogen is lowered more by HELP, which also has a more definite impact on factors belonging to the prothrombin complex (II, VII, X). In contrast, the major effects of the DALI system have been seen on the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation system (IX, XI, prekallikrein, high-molecular-weight kininogen). With both systems, no increases in activated Factor XII or in prothrombin fragment F1 + 2 have been observed. These data provide a solid basis for individual adaptations of anticoagulant doses.

Catabolism of streptokinase and polyethylene glycol-streptokinase: evidence for transport of intact forms through the biliary system in the mouse

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
FH Brucato ◽  
SV Pizzo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract The catabolism of streptokinase (SK) and polyethylene glycol derivatives of SK (PEG-SK) were studied in mice. The clearance and catabolism of SK:plasmin (SK:Pm) and PEG-SK:Pm activator complexes were also investigated. Native 125I-SK cleared rapidly (t1/2 = 15 minutes) from the circulation, with the majority of the ligand accumulating in the liver and gastrointestinal (GI) tract and a substantial fraction also localizing in the kidneys. SK, which was removed from the plasma by the liver, was secreted into bile and then the GI tract. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) demonstrated that 125I-SK recovered from liver and bile was homogeneous and of the same molecular weight (mol wt approximately 50,200) as native SK. PEG-125I-SK cleared slowly (t1/2 greater than 200 minutes), with more than 80% of the preparation localizing in liver and GI tract. The PEG-125I-SK secreted into the bile was also intact. The bile containing 125I-SK was incubated with stoichiometric amounts of plasminogen and electrophoresed under nondenaturing conditions. This study demonstrated that the secreted SK was able to form SK:Pg complexes. SDS-PAGE also showed activation of 125I-Pg that was incubated with recovered bile containing the SK. 125I-SK:Pm catabolism was also studied. In these experiments, the mol wt approximately 42,000 fragment obtained when SK is cleaved by plasmin was found in the bile. This fragment of 125I-SK was not recovered as part of a complex with plasmin, consistent with our previous observations that catabolism of SK:Pm involves transfer of the plasmin to plasma proteinase inhibitors while SK is catabolized independently. By contrast, when PEG-125I-SK:Pm was injected into mice, only intact PEG-125I-SK was found in the bile, consistent with our previous observations that the PEG derivatization blocks its degradation by plasmin.

Detection of low molecular weight cysteine proteinase inhibitors by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay

1986 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Joronen ◽  
V.K. Hopsu-Havu ◽  
M. Manninen ◽  
A. Rinne ◽  
M. Järvinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors

Swelling and Solvation of Rubber in Different Solvents

1937 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
Ira Williams
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The State ◽  
Equal Concentration ◽  
Chemical Attack ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Viscosity Characteristic ◽  
Degree Of Oxidation ◽  
Fractional Increase

Abstract The large variation of the fractional increase in viscosity of rubber sols and its lack of relation to the viscosity of the solvent indicates that the increase in viscosity is not due to rigid filiform molecules. The ability to interchange solvents and obtain a viscosity characteristic of the solvent shows the existence of a reversible equilibrium between solvent and rubber. The close relation between the maximum swelling and the fractional increase in viscosity of rubber in different solvents suggests that rubber sols contain swollen micelles of rubber. The extent of swelling and the viscosity depend on the equilibrium between solvent and rubber which, in turn, depends on the state of oxidation (or other suitable chemical attack) of the rubber. A rubber sol becomes a gel at the concentration which immobilizes essentially all the solvent. The relative viscosity of rubber sols of equal concentration in the same solvent is probably some function of the degree of solvation of the dispersed particles which is influenced by the degree of oxidation of the rubber. Viscosity is not a measure of the molecular weight.

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