scholarly journals ECONOMETRIC MODELING OF EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCE ON INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN THE CASE OF REGIONAL HETEROGENEITY IN RUSSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Oleg Mariev ◽  
Andrey Pushkarev
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Level Data

Innovations are essential for international competitiveness. In this research study, we analyze factors that affect the involvement of Russian firms in the innovation process. Our objective is to find out which factors on a regional level are the most important for innovative activity, that would allow for improving the innovation policy. We overview the main groups of factors that were considered to be significantly affecting innovations. We then proceed to analyze the regional-level data, and classify the Russian regions into three groups based on set of their characteristics. Our results suggest that currently the most important external determinants of innovation propensity for the Russian regions are the share of organizations that carried out scientific research, FDI, appropriate infrastructure and the quality of human capital. It implies that the innovation policy should focus mainly on these indicators. We also found substantial differences between regional groups, both in significance of the considered indicators and in their power. Based on the results, we propose several policy recommendations that would facilitate innovation activities of the Russian regions

Trends of innovative development of Russia from the standpoint of interaction of economic levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena F. Nikitskaya ◽  
M. A. Valishvili ◽  
Irina A. Gorbacheva ◽  
T. P. Oslopova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article analyzes trends in innovative development at the national, regional and municipal levels of the Russian economy. The situation of innovation stagnation in the country is revealed, which occurred despite the active innovation policy pursued by the Federal government. As a result of the study of statistical indicators, it was found that low innovation activity in the Russian economy is due to the fact that innovation growth is significantly slowing down at the regional level. The authors concluded that the sharp differentiation of innovative production volumes in the Russian regions is a consequence of the gap in the interaction of economic levels, as well as the weak involvement of municipalities in the innovation process. Within the framework of the study, a scheme of interaction between government authorities for the development of innovative activities at the municipal level has been developed.

scholarly journals Public-private partnerships in US innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-391
Author(s):  
Valerij N. Minat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
State Financing

Introduction. The subject of the research is public-private partnership (PPP), which contributes, through funding and incentives, to the spatial development of innovation in the United States. As an economic phenomenon, PPP is seen as an effective mechanism for integrating investors, business (primarily venture capital) and the state aimed at implementing the innovation process at the meso-spatial level – states and regions (subregions) of the United States – within the framework of regional innovation systems (RIS), contributing to territorial differentiation. Theoretical analysis reveals the factors and mechanisms of public-private interaction in the space of the corresponding RIS states and sub-regions of the country, characterized by the institutional and functional role of American forms of PPP in the implementation of innovative projects at the regional level. A hypothesis is formulated about the heterogeneity and unevenness of the united innovation space in the United States, one of the foundations of which is the differential nature of state financing of innovation activities at the regional level. Empirical analysis. A correlation is shown between indicative indicators reflecting the level of innovative potential and characterizing the innovative activity of the RIS of the states and subregions of the United States as a whole, on the one hand, and the degree of development of the innovative potential of PPP within the RIS of the corresponding territory, on the other hand. The carried out typological grouping of RIS states based on the lognormal distribution reflects the statistical commonality of the analyzed indicators. Results. Based on the available values of the indices characterizing the innovation activity of the RIS of specific states and subregions of the United States, as well as the calculation of integral indicators that make it possible to assess the interaction of PPP subjects, which are at the same time the institutional and functional elements of the corresponding RIS, a hypothetical statement about the unevenness of the US innovative development has been confirmed. In this case, the territorial differentiation of innovation in the United States and its impact on the spatial aspect of the development of an innovative economy, and, consequently, on economic growth, is determined by the intensity of the use of innovative potential by forms of PPP, which involves proactive financing and stimulation of innovative business projects at the expense of budgetary funds in the RIS of specific groups of states and sub-regions of the United States.

scholarly journals Innovation in the Textiles Sector: A Firm-Level Analysis of Technological and Nontechnological Innovation

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 129-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Wadho ◽  
Azam Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Rate

In a knowledge-based economy, it has become increasingly important to better understand critical aspects of the innovation process such as innovation activities beyond R&D, the interaction among different actors in the market and the relevant knowledge flows. Using a sample of 431 textiles and apparel manufacturers, this paper explores the dynamics of firms’ innovation activities by analyzing their innovation behavior, the extent and types of innovation, the resources devoted to innovation, sources of knowledge spillovers, the factors hampering technological innovation and the returns to innovation for three years, 2013–15. Our results show that 56 percent of the surveyed firms introduced technological and/or nontechnological innovations, while 38 percent introduced new products, these innovations were generally incremental as the majority of innovations were new only to the firm. Furthermore, the innovation rate increases with firm size; large firms have an innovation rate of 83 percent, followed by medium firms (68 percent) and small firms (39 percent). Technologically innovative firms spent, on average, 10 percent of their turnover on innovation expenditure in 2015. Acquisition of machinery and equipment is the main innovation activity, accounting for 56 percent of innovation expenditures. Large firms consider foreign market sources (clients and suppliers) and small firms consider local market sources their key source of information and cooperation. 63 percent of technological innovators cite improving the quality of goods as their most important objective. Lack of available funds within the enterprise is the single most important cost factor hampering innovation, followed by the high cost of innovation. Our results show that 67 percent of the turnover among product innovators in 2015 resulted from product innovations that were either new to the market or new to the firm.

scholarly journals Innovation and Knowledge in Creation of European Union Global Competitiveness and Social Security from Regional Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Zdzisław W. Puślecki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Regional Perspective

<em>The main aim of the paper is analysis of the innovation and knowledge in creation of European Union global competitiveness and social security from regional perspective. To the particular goals of the research belong the presentation of the knowledge-based-growth (KBG) theory, the concept of innovation system, the innovation system and innovation process, constructed advantage, the Triple Helix model, Europe 2020 strategy and Innovation Union and Horizon 2020 as the financial instrument implementing the Innovation Union. The important results of the research is the conclusion that in the innovation process also in the European Union very important are the connection between science (universities), market (industry) and government at the regional level. There is positive dependence between innovation activity and effectiveness of the innovation process. The more interaction and cooperation also the creation of enterpreunership it can observe on the regional level than on the state. The new programme of the scientific and innovation research Europe 2020 and Innovation Union are very important factors of the economic growth, social security and global competitiveness of the European Union. The new economic narrative of the European Union is built around three main strands–boosting investments, pursuing structural reforms and fiscal responsibility. </em>

scholarly journals Cognitive Instruments Of Public Management Accountability For Development Of National Innovation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Svitlana Labunska ◽  
Nataliia Gavkalova ◽  
Andriy Pylypenko ◽  
Olena Prokopishyna
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovation Activities

The main aim of the research was to develop cognitive instruments that allow justification of decisions in national innovation policy. In the theoretical part of research fundamentals of national innovation policies of EU-members and Ukraine were compared to reveal factors that can accelerate innovation development. In the empirical part of research the analysis of innovation capability of Ukrainian enterprises was conducted based on financial, statistic and management reports and it confirmed that companies systematically conducted innovation activities, reached higher levels of innovation potential, innovative business opportunities and margin of economic security and, consequently, have more innovative capacities for innovation of all types. The formation of cognitive analytical base allowed the application of scenario modelling at the level of public management of innovation activity. Cognitive modelling approach was justified firstly by increased volatility in economic conditions of modern realities of crisis in the national economy, and secondly high-cost and risky innovations, fast diffusion of information resources during the introduction of innovation processes, and thirdly, the presence of the mutual influence of objects of national innovation system.

Technological Change at the Regional Level: The Role of Location, Firm Structure, and Strategy

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1565-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Tödtling
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Product Cycle ◽  
Firm Structure ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
Firm Structures

Because of the increasing globalisation of the economy and reinforced competition, technological change has become an important factor in the restructuring process and in the competitive position of firms and regions. In this paper the author investigates to what extent the innovation process is differentiated across space and in particular how this process is shaped by the locational conditions as well as by the structures and strategies of firms in selected regions. To develop a framework for the analysis, contrasting views about the innovation process at the regional level are presented. In the traditional linear innovation model (product-cycle theory and innovation diffusion) relevant locational factors are stressed and an hierarchical pattern of innovation in space is arrived at. More recent approaches such as the evolutionary and network theories point to the relevance of historically evolved firm structures and strategies. The analysis of the Austrian case demonstrates that each of these models has a certain relevance. There was a pronounced differentiation of innovation across space, which was partly in line with the hierarchical model, such as a concentration of R&D and product innovation in the largest agglomerations. However, strong innovation activities, corresponding more with the evolutionary model, were in addition identified in newly industrialised or even in some of the peripheral rural areas. Structural and behavioural features of the firms, such as organisational characteristics (status, functions, and skills), the strategic orientation as well as network links, in addition to locational factors, were relevant for these patterns.

scholarly journals The role of the banking system in the innovative development of economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dziubliuk
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
World Market ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Lending Activity

The article gives a rationale for rebuilding the country’s innovation capacity as a key task of the current economic policy of the state, since it is the use of innovations that is extremely important for successful business activity and for obtaining competitive advantages in the world market. The subject matter of the study is the role of banking system, whose lending activity can serve as a powerful source for funding innovation, which, in turn, is seen as a key driver for investment and economic growth. The purpose of the research paper is to substantiate the appropriate theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the role of the banking system within the framework of stimulating innovative development of the economy. The article critically analyzes the current state of innovation activity in Ukraine and systematizes the main factors restraining the innovative development of the economy. Particular attention is paid to the lack of funding for innovation, the ineffective structure of the national economy, and insufficient state financial support. The lack of an adequate level of funding for innovation activities of enterprises is identified as one of the main constraints on the introduction of innovations and enhancement of innovation potential. It is stressed that the limited amount of own funds and the objective difficulties in attracting foreign financial resources of investors are usually the main reasons for the low degree of innovation activity of enterprises in Ukraine. It is argued that it is the banking system that can act as the main institutional element of the innovation infrastructure, which has the proper organizational, technological and financial potential, sufficient for accumulation and redistribution of those investment resources that are necessary for activating the innovation process in the national economy. The advantages of banks in comparison with other participants of the financial market are determined, which determines the key role of the banking system in the innovative development of the economy. The author articulates a set of organizational, institutional and economic measures at the macro- and micro-levels which can contribute to incorporating the banking system into the framework of stimulating innovation processes.

scholarly journals INNOVATION IN EDUCATION: THE PHILOSOPHICAL AND EDUCATIONAL ASPECT

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Valentyna Sahuichenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Innovation In Education ◽  
Educational Aspect

Turning to the classics of innovative pedagogy, it is necessary to look for practical ways to implement the normative and legal documents of Ukraine on issues of innovation in education, namely: to pay attention to the terminology, purpose and principles of state innovation policy, objects of innovation activity, subjects. It is important to emphasize that innovations are determined by newly created (applied) and / or improved competitive technologies, products or services, as well as organizational and technical decisions of an industrial, administrative, commercial or other nature that significantly improve the structure and quality of production and (or) social sphere. when educational innovations recognize the first created, improved or applied educational, didactic, educational, management systems, their components, which significantly improve the results of educational activities and reforms.

scholarly journals Influence of Cyclical Patterns on Innovation and Transformation Processes in the Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
G. A. Shcherbakov
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cyclic Approach

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to present and develop a cyclic approach in the theory of innovation. This section of economic theory is based on the understanding of the innovation process as a dynamic system that develops (depending on the type of innovation) within the medium or long-term cycle. The cyclic approach has an insufficiently studied subject of research. In theoretical and practical aspects, this approach is very poorly developed, despite its prospects for this method. The application of the cyclic approach in the practical sphere will increase the effectiveness of activities planning in the field of the state innovation policy, as well as increase the efficiency of the state resources using.Methods: a set of methods of theoretical research is used, including: logical, system and abstract methods, as well as specific scientific (special) research methods. Based on the study of a wide range of scientific literature, as well as statistical and factual information on innovative issues, models (modeling method) were drawn up, which were graphically fixed in the figures illustrating the main provisions of the article.Results: this article develops the cyclic approach to the innovations study, proposed in the works of foreign and domestic scientists. The article describes and presents a scientific method of innovative processes management, called "triad of innovative and transformative activity". The article also contains a brief overview of the cyclic method development in the works of domestic and foreign researchers, giving a general idea of the elaboration degree of the scientific question.Conclusions and Relevance: the analysis of the main theories and concepts in the field of innovation, gives reason to argue that scientific views on the implementation of the innovation process contain a serious omission. It consists in the fact that it does not take into account the influence of cyclical conditions of various medium-term cycle phases or long-term cycle stages. In practice, this leads to asynchronous processes that prevent the effective innovation activities.

scholarly journals SMART SPECIALIZATIONS IN THE STRATEGIES OF MEDIUM-SIZED CITIES. EXPERIENCES OF THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andrzej Pawlik ◽  
Paweł Dziekański ◽  
Urszula Karpińska
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Smart Specialization

Smart specialization strategies, which at the regional level are to serve the implementation of smart growth strategies, are an extremely important tool of innovation policy and strategies. Innovation policy should incorporate elements of scientific, technological and industrial policy. In a narrow sense, innovation policy is a set of documents: strategies, programs, directives, reports, measures and assessments that are supposed to shape it. The article formulates the thesis that without improving the key factor – economic, quality of human capital and social constituting their specific potentials – the implementation of the concept of smart specializations is not possible in weak cities and voivodeships. The aim of the study is to present strategic documents and potentials facilitating the process of selecting and developing smart specializations based on the experience of the region and its medium-sized cities.

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